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Bilateral filter

About: Bilateral filter is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3500 publications have been published within this topic receiving 75582 citations.


Papers
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Experiments illustrate that the proposed spatially adaptive iterative filtering (SAIF) strategy can significantly relax the base algorithm's sensitivity to its tuning (smoothing) parameters, and effectively boost the performance of several existing denoising filters to generate state-of-the-art results under both simulated and practical conditions.
Abstract: Spatial domain image filters (e.g., bilateral filter, non-local means, locally adaptive regression kernel) have achieved great success in denoising. Their overall performance, however, has not generally surpassed the leading transform domain-based filters (such as BM3-D). One important reason is that spatial domain filters lack efficiency to adaptively fine tune their denoising strength; something that is relatively easy to do in transform domain method with shrinkage operators. In the pixel domain, the smoothing strength is usually controlled globally by, for example, tuning a regularization parameter. In this paper, we propose spatially adaptive iterative filtering (SAIF) a new strategy to control the denoising strength locally for any spatial domain method. This approach is capable of filtering local image content iteratively using the given base filter, and the type of iteration and the iteration number are automatically optimized with respect to estimated risk (i.e., mean-squared error). In exploiting the estimated local signal-to-noise-ratio, we also present a new risk estimator that is different from the often-employed SURE method, and exceeds its performance in many cases. Experiments illustrate that our strategy can significantly relax the base algorithm's sensitivity to its tuning (smoothing) parameters, and effectively boost the performance of several existing denoising filters to generate state-of-the-art results under both simulated and practical conditions.

88 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A novel approximation of smoothing operators by symmetric doubly stochastic matrices is proposed and it is shown that this approximation is stable and accurate, even more so in higher dimensions.
Abstract: We study a general class of nonlinear and shift-varying smoothing filters that operate based on averaging. This important class of filters includes many well-known examples such as the bilateral filter, nonlocal means, general adaptive moving average filters, and more. (Many linear filters such as linear minimum mean-squared error smoothing filters, Savitzky--Golay filters, smoothing splines, and wavelet smoothers can be considered special cases.) They are frequently used in both signal and image processing as they are elegant, computationally simple, and high performing. The operators that implement such filters, however, are not symmetric in general. The main contribution of this paper is to provide a provably stable method for symmetrizing the smoothing operators. Specifically, we propose a novel approximation of smoothing operators by symmetric doubly stochastic matrices and show that this approximation is stable and accurate, even more so in higher dimensions. We demonstrate that there are several im...

88 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A novel local region model based on adaptive bilateral filter is presented for segmenting noisy images and is more efficient and robust to noise than the state-of-art region-based models.
Abstract: Image segmentation plays an important role in the computer vision . However, it is extremely challenging due to low resolution, high noise and blurry boundaries. Recently, region-based models have been widely used to segment such images. The existing models often utilized Gaussian filtering to filter images, which caused the loss of edge gradient information. Accordingly, in this paper, a novel local region model based on adaptive bilateral filter is presented for segmenting noisy images. Specifically, we firstly construct a range-based adaptive bilateral filter, in which an image can well be preserved edge structures as well as resisted noise. Secondly, we present a data-driven energy model, which utilizes local information of regions centered at each pixel of image to approximate intensities inside and outside of the circular contour. The estimation approach has improved the accuracy of noisy image segmentation. Thirdly, under the premise of keeping the image original shape, a regularization function is used to accelerate the convergence speed and smoothen the segmentation contour. Experimental results of both synthetic and real images demonstrate that the proposed model is more efficient and robust to noise than the state-of-art region-based models.

87 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new upsampling method that synergistically combines the median and bilateral filters thus it better preserves the depth edges and is more robust to noise.
Abstract: We present a new upsampling method to enhance the spatial resolution of depth images. Given a low-resolution depth image from an active depth sensor and a potentially high-resolution color image from a passive RGB camera, we formulate it as an adaptive cost aggregation problem and solve it using the bilateral filter. The formulation synergistically combines the median and bilateral filters thus it better preserves the depth edges and is more robust to noise. Numerical and visual evaluations on a total of 37 Middlebury data sets demonstrate the effectiveness of our method. A real-time high-resolution depth capturing system is also developed using commercial active depth sensor based on the proposed upsampling method.

87 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A feature-preserving denoising algorithm that is built on the premise that the underlying surface of a noisy mesh is piecewise smooth, and a sharp feature lies on the intersection of multiple smooth surface regions, and sharp features, such as edges and corners, are very well preserved.
Abstract: In this paper, we introduce a feature-preserving denoising algorithm. It is built on the premise that the underlying surface of a noisy mesh is piecewise smooth, and a sharp feature lies on the intersection of multiple smooth surface regions. A vertex close to a sharp feature is likely to have a neighborhood that includes distinct smooth segments. By defining the consistent subneighborhood as the segment whose geometry and normal orientation most consistent with those of the vertex, we can completely remove the influence from neighbors lying on other segments during denoising. Our method identifies piecewise smooth subneighborhoods using a robust density-based clustering algorithm based on shared nearest neighbors. In our method, we obtain an initial estimate of vertex normals and curvature tensors by robustly fitting a local quadric model. An anisotropic filter based on optimal estimation theory is further applied to smooth the normal field and the curvature tensor field. This is followed by second-order bilateral filtering, which better preserves curvature details and alleviates volume shrinkage during denoising. The support of these filters is defined by the consistent subneighborhood of a vertex. We have applied this algorithm to both generic and CAD models, and sharp features, such as edges and corners, are very well preserved.

87 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202321
202257
2021116
2020145
2019203
2018204