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Binary system
About: Binary system is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5788 publications have been published within this topic receiving 97882 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the water + 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylimidazolium chloride (HOEtMIM]Cl) binary system was studied as a novel alternative working pair of the absorption heat pump cycle.
Abstract: In this paper, the water + 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([HOEtMIM]Cl) binary system was studied as a novel alternative working pair of the absorption heat pump cycle. Thermodynamic properties of the system including vapor pressure, density, and heat capacity were measured in the mole fraction range from 0.0122 to 0.3071 of [HOEtMIM]Cl. The vapor pressures of the binary system were determined by the boiling-point method in the pressure from (2.82 to 102.29) kPa and correlated by the nonrandom two-liquid (NRTL) model. The densities and heat capacities were measured in the temperature range from (298.15 to 323.15) K and (298.15 to 358.15) K, respectively, and correlated by the polynomial equations on temperature and concentration. The average relative deviations (ARDs) between the experimental and the calculated values of vapor pressure, density, and heat capacity are 1.42 %, 0.09 %, and 0.38 %, respectively.
47 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the thermal conductivity of four pure normal paraffin hydrocarbons (C11, C14, C15, C16) and binary and ternary mixtures of three n-paraffin polymers were measured in the temperature range from about 20 to 90°C at atmospheric pressure.
Abstract: The thermal conductivity of four pure normal paraffin hydrocarbons (C11, C14, C15, C16) and binary and ternary mixtures of three n-paraffin hydrocarbons (C7, C11, C16) have been measured in the temperature range from about 20 to 90°C at atmospheric pressure. Measurements have been performed with the aid of a fully automated transient hot-wire instrument. The accuracy of the reported data is estimated to be ±1.0 to ±1.5%. A new simple and practical equation, which can calculate the thermal conductivity of pure n-paraffin hydrocarbons (4≤n≤ 16) with the uncertainty of ±1%, has been correlated in terms of temperature and number of carbon atoms based on the present results including some other reliable data. Also, a mixing rule for the mixtures of n-paraffin hydrocarbons was proposed and was adequately confirmed by the present results within the experimental error.
47 citations
TL;DR: It was found that the intersystem crossing of the sensitizer, triplet energy transfer, and TTA occurred efficiently in the binary solid, and the fluorescence QY of the emitter governed the UC-QY.
Abstract: Herein, triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion (TTA-UC) from near-infrared (NIR, 785 nm) to visible (yellow, centered at 570 nm) regions has been demonstrated in the binary solid of condensed chromophores. Microparticles of the binary solid comprising rubrene as a matrix (emitter) and π-extended Pd-porphyrin as a dopant (sensitizer) in a mole ratio of 1000:1 were obtained by solution casting. Excitation intensity dependence and quantum yield (QY) of the upconverted emission were characterized for individual particles under a microscope and revealed a low threshold intensity (∼100 mW/cm2) as compared to the solution and moderate UC-QY (∼0.5%) in the NIR range. The factors contributing to the UC-QY were investigated by time-resolved and steady-state spectroscopies. It was found that the intersystem crossing of the sensitizer, triplet energy transfer, and TTA occurred efficiently in the binary solid, and the fluorescence QY of the emitter governed the UC-QY.
47 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the enthalpies of mixing in the liquid Cu-Zr system were measured by high temperature reaction calorimetry in the concentration range of xZr = 0.182 −0.667 at 1443 −K.
47 citations