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Showing papers on "Bioaccumulation published in 2020"


Journal ArticleDOI
16 Oct 2020-PLOS ONE
TL;DR: A systematic literature review to examine whether current, published findings support the premise that MPs and associated chemical additives bioaccumulate and biomagnify across a general marine food web indicates that, althoughBioaccumulation of MPs occurs within trophic levels, no clear sign of MP biomagnification in situ was observed at the higher trophIC levels.
Abstract: Microplastic (MP) contamination has been well documented across a range of habitats and for a large number of organisms in the marine environment. Consequently, bioaccumulation, and in particular biomagnification of MPs and associated chemical additives, are often inferred to occur in marine food webs. Presented here are the results of a systematic literature review to examine whether current, published findings support the premise that MPs and associated chemical additives bioaccumulate and biomagnify across a general marine food web. First, field and laboratory-derived contamination data on marine species were standardised by sample size from a total of 116 publications. Second, following assignment of each species to one of five main trophic levels, the average uptake of MPs and of associated chemical additives was estimated across all species within each level. These uptake data within and across the five trophic levels were then critically examined for any evidence of bioaccumulation and biomagnification. Findings corroborate previous studies that MP bioaccumulation occurs within each trophic level, while current evidence around bioaccumulation of associated chemical additives is much more ambiguous. In contrast, MP biomagnification across a general marine food web is not supported by current field observations, while results from the few laboratory studies supporting trophic transfer are hampered by using unrealistic exposure conditions. Further, a lack of both field and laboratory data precludes an examination of potential trophic transfer and biomagnification of chemical additives associated with MPs. Combined, these findings indicate that, although bioaccumulation of MPs occurs within trophic levels, no clear sign of MP biomagnification in situ was observed at the higher trophic levels. Recommendations for future studies to focus on investigating ingestion, retention and depuration rates for MPs and chemical additives under environmentally realistic conditions, and on examining the potential of multi-level trophic transfer for MPs and chemical additives have been made.

166 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
Bifeng Hu1, Jie Xue1, Yin Zhou1, Shuai Shao1, Zhiyi Fu1, Yan Li1, Songchao Chen, Lin Qi, Zhou Shi1 
TL;DR: The RF model showed the best prediction ability for the BAFs of HMs in soil-crop ecosystems, followed by GBM and GLM, and the model used herein could be used to assist the prediction of heavy metal contents in crops based on heavyMetal contents in soil and other covariates.

107 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
Weishang Zhou1, Yu Han1, Yu Tang1, Wei Shi1, Xueying Du1, Shuge Sun1, Guangxu Liu1 
TL;DR: The activity of GST and expression of key detoxification genes were significantly suppressed by MPs, suggesting that the disruption of detoxification represents one possible explanation for the aggravated bioaccumulation observed here.
Abstract: Edible bivalves are one of the major types of seafood and may be subject to antibiotic and microplastics (MPs) coexposure under realistic scenarios. However, the effect of MPs on the bioaccumulation of antibiotics in edible bivalves and subsequent health risks for consumers remain poorly understood. Therefore, the bioaccumulation of two frequently detected veterinary antibiotics, oxytetracycline (OTC) and florfenicol (FLO), with or without the copresence of MPs was investigated in the blood clam. Health risks associated with the consumption of contaminated clams were also assessed. Furthermore, the activity of GST and expression of key detoxification genes were analyzed as well. The bioaccumulation of OTC and FLO in clams was found to be aggravated by MPs. Because the estimated target hazard quotients (THQs) were far less than the critical value, direct toxic effects of consuming contaminated clams are negligible. However, the dietary exposure doses of the human gut microbiota (DEGM) to the antibiotics tested were greater than or similar to corresponding minimum selective concentrations (MSC), indicating a potential antibiotic resistance risk. Moreover, the GST activity and expression of detoxification genes were significantly suppressed by MPs, suggesting that the disruption of detoxification represents one possible explanation for the aggravated bioaccumulation observed here.

104 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results indicate that plastic particles may accumulate in the rhizosphere, impairing water and nutrient uptake, and eventually reaching root eaters, and encourage further research on the mechanism leading to the bioaccumulation of microplastics on the surface of belowground tissues.

94 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Diclofenac was used as a model compound to study the impact of biotransformation on the bioaccumulation potential and toxicity in two keystone aquatic invertebrates and revealed possible catalysis by an S-adenosylmethionine-dependent -carboxylic acid methyltransferase.
Abstract: Biotransformation plays a crucial role in regulating the bioaccumulation potential and toxicity of organic compounds in organisms but is, in general, poorly understood for emerging contaminants. Here, we have used diclofenac as a model compound to study the impact of biotransformation on the bioaccumulation potential and toxicity in two keystone aquatic invertebrates: Gammarus pulex and Hyalella azteca. In both species, diclofenac was transformed into several oxidation products and conjugates, including two novel products, that is, diclofenac taurine conjugate (DCF-M403) and unexpected diclofenac methyl ester (DCF-M310.03). The ratios of biotransformation products to parent compound were 12-17 for DCF-M403 and 0.01-0.7 for DCF-M310.03 after 24 h exposure. Bioconcentration factors (BCFs) of diclofenac were 0.5 and 3.2 L kgww-1 in H. azteca and G. pulex, respectively, whereas BCFs of DCF-M310.03 was 164.5 and 104.7 L kgww-1, respectively, representing a 25- to 110-fold increase. Acute toxicity of DCF-M310.03 was also higher than the parent compound in both species, which correlated well with the increased bioconcentration potential. The LC50 of diclofenac in H. azteca was 216 mg L-1, while that of metabolite DCF-M310.03 was reduced to only 0.53 mg L-1, representing a 430-fold increase in acute toxicity compared to diclofenac. DCF-M403 is less toxic than its parent compound toward H. azteca, which may be linked to its slightly lower hydrophobicity. Furthermore, the transformation of diclofenac to its methyl ester derivative was explored in crude invertebrate extracts spiked with an S-adenosylmethionine cofactor, revealing possible catalysis by an S-adenosylmethionine-dependent carboxylic acid methyltransferase. Methylation of diclofenac was further detected in fish hepatocytes and human urine, indicating a broader relevance. Therefore, potentially methylated metabolites of polar contaminants should be considered for a comprehensive risk assessment in the future.

85 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Investigations on plants and microorganisms revealed their ability to withstand metal toxicity and develop tolerance to heavy metals in soils contaminated with Cr(VI) and Cd(II).

82 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Examination of the occurrence of pyrethroid pesticides in the aquatic environment and oxidative stress-induced toxicity in fish exposed to pyrethroids concludes that fish are more susceptible to oxidative stress caused by environmental pollutants.
Abstract: Organophosphate and organochlorine pesticides are banned in most countries because they cause high toxicity and bioaccumulation in non-target organisms. Pyrethroid pesticides have been applied to agriculture and aquaculture since the 1970s to replace traditional pesticides. However, pyrethroids are approximately 1000 times more toxic to fish than to mammals and birds. Fish-specific organs such as the gills and their late metabolic action against this type of pesticide make fish highly susceptible to the toxicity of pyrethroid pesticides. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the neurological, reproductive, and developmental toxicity caused by pyrethroids. Deltamethrin, cypermethrin, and lambda-cyhalothrin are representative pyrethroid pesticides that induce oxidative stress in tissues such as the gills, liver, and muscles of fish and cause histopathological changes. Although they are observed in low concentrations in aquatic environments such as rivers, lakes, and surface water they induce DNA damage and apoptosis in fish. Pyrethroid pesticides cause ROS-mediated oxidative stress in fish species including carp, tilapia, and trout. They also cause lipid peroxidation and alter the state of DNA, proteins, and lipids in the cells of fish. Moreover, changes in antioxidant enzyme activity following pyrethroid pesticide exposure make fish more susceptible to oxidative stress caused by environmental pollutants. In this review, we examine the occurrence of pyrethroid pesticides in the aquatic environment and oxidative stress-induced toxicity in fish exposed to pyrethroids.

79 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The resistance mechanisms of mercury volatilization and bioaccumulation in plant tissues mediated by these endophytic fungi can contribute to bioremediation programs and need to be elucidated in the future.

64 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Combined exposure of PS-MPs and F-53B resulted in a significant reduction in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lysozyme activity, indicating the occurrence of oxidative stress and inflammatory response in zebrafish larvae.

63 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A good growth capability in contaminated soils and a good bioaccumulation capability of heavy metals, both for A. donax and mycorrhized A.Donax and T. harzianum for phytoremediation processes are shown.

63 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Higher biological residues were observed in the downstream than those in the upstream, with the largest increase for fish and the lowest increase for phytoplankton, and the bioaccumulation classifications of most PPCPs were unchanged among the three different water-diversion regions.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The estimated daily intakes of PAEs via food ingestion and environmental exposure were 15, 9.4 and 1.2 ng/kg-bw/day in toddlers, children and adults, respectively, laying at the low end of the reported data and well below the reference dose.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results showed that current-use pesticides, like glyphosate, BF, AZ and CYP, pose health risks on native fish populations inhabiting rice fields, and antioxidant mechanisms failed to prevent oxidative damage in the liver and gills of M. nigripinnis.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Nonmetric multidimensional scaling analysis indicated that all bivalves have a high bioaccumulation capacity for Cu and Zn, and it was found that there are health risks associated with consuming bivalve, and children are more vulnerable than adults.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results suggest that mucus plays an important role in the bioaccumulation of PAHs by corals from ambient seawater.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: There was a correlation between the in vitro concentration of microplastics and the in vivo concentration of four trace metals: Cd, Cr, Cu and Pb, which suggests potential in vivo interactions between microplastic and trace metals.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The present study estimated the ability of four aquatic macrophytes to accumulate Cd, Ni and Pb and their use for indicating and phytoremediating these metals in contaminated wetlands and indicated that the studied species are suitable for phytostabilizing the studied heavy metals.
Abstract: The present study estimated the ability of four aquatic macrophytes (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms, Ludwigia stolonifera (Guill. & Perr.) P.H. Raven, Echinochloa stagnina (Retz.) P. Beauv. and Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.) to accumulate Cd, Ni and Pb and their use for indicating and phytoremediating these metals in contaminated wetlands. Three sites at five locations in the Kitchener Drain in Gharbia and Kafr El-Sheikh Governorates (Egypt) were selected for plant, water and sediment sampling. The water in the Kitchener Drain was polluted with Cd, while Pb and Ni were far below the maximum level of Pb and Ni in the irrigation water. In comparison to the other species, P. australis accumulated the highest concentrations of Cd and Ni, while E. crassipes accumulated the highest concentration of Pb in its tissues. The four species had bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) greater than one, while their translocation factors (TFs) were less than 1 for most heavy metals, except Cd in the leaf and stem of E. stagnina and L. stolonifera, respectively, and Ni in the stem and leaf of E. stagnina. The BAF and TF results indicated that the studied species are suitable for phytostabilizing the studied heavy metals, except Ni in E. stagnina and Cd in L. stolonifera, which are suitable for phytoextracting these metals. Significant positive correlations were found between the investigated heavy metals in the water or sediment and the plant tissues. Their high BAFs, with significant proportional correlations, supported the potential of these species to serve as bioindicators and biomonitors of heavy metals in general and in the investigated metals specifically.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The trophic biomagnification of tripentyl phosphate (TPTP) in the pelagic food web was unexpected and requires further investigation, and there is a significant positive linear correlation between latitude and TMF.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, heavy metals contamination is a serious threat for the toxicity and bioaccumulation in food chain and aquatic environment contamination has become a global concern because they have toxic effects on f...
Abstract: Heavy metals contamination is a serious threat for the toxicity and bioaccumulation in food chain. Aquatic environment contamination has become a global concern because they have toxic effects on f...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The BCs (especially 800BC5) were recommended for reducing bioaccumulation of PTEs in different parts of the wheat plant, increasing growth and yield of wheat crop and decreasing human health risks via consumption of wheat grains.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results indicated that the inhibitory effect of IBU on C. pyrenoidosa growth was alleviated in the presence of NP, and the influence of coexistent NP should be considered in the environmental risk assessment of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in aquatic environments.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Generally, the antibiotics in the food web of Lake Taihu including plankton, invertebrates and fish showed trophic dilution, which suggests the consumption of fish, crab and shrimp in LakeTaihu would probably not pose direct detrimental effects on humans.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Testing translocated aquatic insect communities in 30‐d artificial streams is an efficient approach to generate multiple species effect values under quasi‐natural conditions that are relevant to natural streams.
Abstract: We describe 2 artificial stream experiments that exposed aquatic insect communities to zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and cadmium (year 2014) and to Zn, Cu, and nickel (year 2015). The testing strategy was to concurrently expose insect communities to single metals and mixtures. Single-metal tests were repeated to evaluate the reproducibility of the methods and year-to-year variability. Metals were strongly accumulated in sediments, periphyton, and insect (caddisfly) tissues, with the highest concentrations occurring in periphyton. Sensitive mayflies declined in metal treatments, and effect concentrations could be predicted effectively from metal concentrations in either periphyton or water. Most responses were similar in the replicated tests, but median effect concentration values for the mayfly Rhithrogena sp. varied 20-fold between the tests, emphasizing the difficulty comparing sensitivities across studies and the value of repeated testing. Relative to the single-metal responses, the toxicity of the mixtures was either approximately additive or less than additive when calculated as the product of individual responses (response addition). However, even less-than-additive relative responses were sometimes greater than responses to similar concentrations tested singly. The ternary mixtures resulted in mayfly declines at concentrations that caused no declines in the concurrent single-metal tests. When updating species-sensitivity distributions (SSDs) with these results, the mayfly responses were among the most sensitive 10th percentile of available data for all 4 metals, refuting older literature placing mayflies in the insensitive portion of metal SSDs. Testing translocated aquatic insect communities in 30-d artificial streams is an efficient approach to generate multiple species effect values under quasi-natural conditions that are relevant to natural streams. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:812-833. Published 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US government work, and as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Whethermicroplastics act as a source or a sink of HOCs depended strongly on the diffusion gradients between microplastics and soils, and as ingestion of smallest particles showed the greatest contribution to bioaccumulation under S1 and S2 scenarios, the gradual breakdown of microplastic may increase their relative importance in contaminant transfer.
Abstract: The role of microplastics as a carrier in the bioaccumulation of hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) in soil organisms is poorly understood. Two environmentally relevant scenarios, including earthworm Eisenia fetida exposed to contaminated soil amended with clean microplastics (S1) and clean soil introduced with precontaminated microplastics (S2), were simulated to estimate the importance of microplastics in bioaccumulation. Three polychlorinated biphenyls and polyethylene particles with different sizes were employed. The microplastics under the S1 scenario significantly decreased the polychlorinated biphenyl congener (PCB) bioaccumulation, whereas for the S2 scenario, the PCBs on the microplastics can be assimilated by earthworms. Compared to plastic-free treatments, the freely dissolved concentrations (Cfree) of PCBs were consistently lower in the soils amended with microplastics. Biodynamic model analysis suggested that the contribution of microplastic ingestion to bioaccumulation under the S2 scenario (mean 26.1%) was higher than that under S1 (8.7%), likely because of the slow chemical transfer between plastics and ambient media. These results indicated whether microplastics act as a source or a sink of HOCs depended strongly on the diffusion gradients between microplastics and soils. As ingestion of smallest particles (50-150 μm) showed the greatest contribution to bioaccumulation under S1 and S2 scenarios, the gradual breakdown of microplastics may increase their relative importance in contaminant transfer.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results of this study can supplement the limited information regarding the REE accumulation in soil invertebrates and may provide reference data for assessing potential environmental risks in croplands.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The occurrence of a novel PFAS, p-perfluorous nonenoxybenzenesulfonate (OBS) in wild crucian carp is reported on for the first time and its tissue distribution and bioaccumulation are explored.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The biota-sediment accumulation factor (BSAF) decreased with increasing PAH log Kow and BSAF values might differ in response to various environmental conditions and species.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a bioaccumulation model for microplastics was developed for the filter-feeding humpback whale and fish-eating resident killer whale foodwebs of the Northeastern Pacific.
Abstract: Microplastics (MPs) can readily be ingested by marine organisms. Direct ingestion and trophic transfer are likely to be the main pathway for microplastics to bioaccumulate in upper trophic level organisms. Bioaccumulation potential of MPs in marine mammalian foodwebs is scarcely known. To understand whether microplastics bioaccumulate in marine mammals, a bioaccumulation model for MPs was developed for the filter-feeding humpback whale and fish-eating resident killer whale foodwebs of the Northeastern Pacific. Applying three concentration scenarios for MPs by entering observed water and sediment concentrations as input data (low, high and moderate scenarios), and tested under two different elimination rates (kE) for zooplankton, the model predicted species-specific and foodweb-specific bioaccumulation potential. The predator-prey biomagnification factor (BMFTL, used to assess the ratio of the MP concentration in predator to that in prey adjusted to the difference of trophic levels), involving cetaceans, appeared to be not only lower than one or equal to one (BMFTL ≤ 1 as in resident killer whale/Chinook salmon), but also BMFTL > 1 in some predator-prey relationships (humpback whale/zooplankton). Depending on the magnitude of abiotic concentrations used in the modelling, the trophic magnification factor (TMF) regression analyses over time showed lack of evidence for trophic magnification as the magnification was independent of the trophic level, indicating no changes (TMF = 1; p>0.05), and trophic dilution (TMF 0.05), following 100-365 days. Compared to the high biomagnification behaviour of persistent organic pollutants in marine foodwebs, scarce biomagnification capacity of microplastic was predicted in the cetacean foodwebs. Notwithstanding, the moderate to high microplastic bioaccumulation predicted in some lower trophic level marine organisms highlights the health risks of toxic exposure to marine fauna and coastal communities relying strongly on seafood. This modelling work provides a tool to assess the bioaccumulation potential and impact of microplastics in the marine environment to support risk assessment and inform plastic waste management.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results indicated that rice waste biochars could effectively inhibit the bio-availability and toxicity of heavy metal and metalloid in sediment, and the higher-temperature biochar exhibited better performance.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results showed that bioaccumulation of Ba, Bi, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mg, Mo, Se and Zn occurred in all stages of insect development and in puparia, while bioaccUMulation of Al, As, Co, K, Pb and Si was not found.