Topic
Bioaccumulation
About: Bioaccumulation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 7112 publications have been published within this topic receiving 208953 citations. The topic is also known as: bioakumulace.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
01 Jan 1991
TL;DR: In this paper, the formation of major new hydroelectric reservoirs in northern Canada in the last two decades was invariably followed by increased methylmercury concentrations in fish, which often approached mercury concentrations in muscle formerly associated only with industrial mercury pollution.
Abstract: The formation of major new hydroelectric reservoirs in northern Canada in the last two decades was invariably followed by increased methylmercury concentrations in fish. Concentrations in piscivorous fish exceeded marketing limits and often approached mercury concentrations (>5 μg g−1 wet weight) in muscle formerly associated only with industrial mercury pollution. Experimental manipulations of large enclosures demonstrated that terrestrial vegetation and organic soils caused increased net methylation of mercury and bioaccumulation of methylmercury at low total mercury concentrations in water (1–2 ng L−1) and sediment (0.1–1.0 μg g−1 dry weight). Total mercury concentrations per se in water or sediments did not predict mercury concentrations in fish. Enhancement of microbial methylation relative to demethylation can be demonstrated in these new reservoirs and in reservoirs up to 60 years of age. Disruption of the natural microbially mediated mercury cycle accounts for the elevated Hg concentrations in fish, and indications are that it will be a persistent problem in boreal reservoirs. The reservoir experience emphasizes the critical role of microbial activity in mercury cycling. In natural lakes of the boreal forest, water temperaturc seems to be a critical variable controlling net mercury methylation by microbial activity.
87 citations
TL;DR: The present study proved that the concentrations of all heavy metals (except Cd, Co, and Pb) in most studied species were positively correlated with those in soil.
Abstract: In the present study, nine native plant species were collected to determine their potential to clean up nine heavy metals from soil of a sewage sludge dump site. Almost all nine plant species grown at sewage sludge dump site showed multifold higher concentrations of heavy metals as compared to plants grown at the reference site. All the investigated species were characterized by a bioaccumulation factor (BF) > 1.0 for some heavy metals. BF was generally higher for Cd, followed by Pb, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Mn, Zn, and Fe. The translocation factor (TF) varied among plant species, and among heavy metals. For most studied heavy metals, TFs were <1.0. The present study proved that the concentrations of all heavy metals (except Cd, Co, and Pb) in most studied species were positively correlated with those in soil. Such correlations indicate that these species reflect the cumulative effects of environmental pollution from soil, and thereby suggesting their potential use in the biomonitoring of most heavy metals examined. In conclusion, all tissues of nine plant species could act as bioindicators, biomonitors, and remediates of most examined heavy metals. Moreover, Bassia indica, Solanum nigrum, and Pluchea dioscoridis are considered hyperaccumulators of Fe; Amaranthus viridis and Bassia indica are considered hyperaccumulators of Pb; and Portulaca oleracea is considered hyperaccumulator of Mn.
87 citations
TL;DR: Experiments were conducted to determine the kinetics and relative importance of aqueous and dietary uptake of cadmium by the freshwater isopod Asellus aquaticus and the experimental results were described with a first order one-compartment bioaccumulation model.
87 citations
TL;DR: High levels of OCPs detected in two common fish species at iSimangaliso Wetland Park highlight potential human health and ecotoxicological threats to a globally important biodiversity conservation hotspot.
87 citations
01 Jan 2009
TL;DR: In this paper, the phase equilibrium between soil and plant cells of neutral compounds is calculated from partition coefficients, while for ionizable compounds, the steady state of the Fick-Nernst-Planck flux equation is applied.
Abstract: The uptake of neutral and ionizable organic compounds from soil into plants is studied using mathematical models. The phase equilibrium between soil and plant cells of neutral compounds is calculated from partition coefficients, while for ionizable compounds, the steady state of the Fick–Nernst–Planck flux equation is applied. The calculations indicate biomagnification of neutral, polar, and nonvolatile compounds in leaves and fruits of plants. For electrolytes, several additional effects impact bioaccumulation, namely dissociation, ion trap effect, and electrical attraction or repulsion. For ionizable compounds, the effects of pK a and pH partitioning are more important than lipophilicity. Generally, dissociation leads to reduced bioaccumulation in plants, but the calculations also predict a high potential for some combinations of environmental and physicochemical properties. Weak acids (pK a 2–6) may accumulate in leaves and fruits of plants when the soil is acidic due to the ion trap effect. Weak bases (pK a 6–10) have a very high potential for accumulation when the soil is alkaline. The model predictions are supported by various experimental findings. However, the bioaccumulation of weak bases from alkaline soils has not yet been validated by field studies.
87 citations