Topic
Bioaccumulation
About: Bioaccumulation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 7112 publications have been published within this topic receiving 208953 citations. The topic is also known as: bioakumulace.
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TL;DR: In this article, the possibility of heavy metals accumulation with two groups of Iranian and Australian earthworms in sewage sludge vermicompost was investigated, and the results indicated that heavy metals concentration decreased with increasing vermiconducting time.
Abstract: Vermicomposting of organic waste has an important part to play in an integrated waste management strategy. In this study, the possibility of heavy metals accumulation with two groups of Iranian and Australian earthworms in sewage sludge vermicompost was investigated. Eisenia fetida was the species of earthworms used in the vermicomposting process. The bioaccumulation of Cr, Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn as heavy metals by Iranian and Australian earthworms was studied. The results indicated that heavy metals concentration decreased with increasing vermicomposting time. Comparison of the two groups of earthworms showed that the Iranian earthworms consumed higher quantities of micronutrients such as Cu and Zn comparing with the Australian earthworms, while the bioaccumulation of non-essential elements such as Cr, Cd, and Pb by the Australian group was higher. The significant decrease in heavy metal concentrations in the final vermicompost indicated the capability of both Iranian and Australian E.fetida species in accumulating heavy metals in their body tissues.
71 citations
TL;DR: The characteristics of bioaccumulation demonstrate that P. walkeri is a circumpolar species with the potential to be a standard biological indicator for use in monitoring programmes of Antarctic nearshore ecosystems and the use of model prediction provide further support to utilise these organisms for biomonitoring.
71 citations
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors conducted a pot experiment with 19 representative paddy soils from different parts of China to study the effects of soil properties on bioaccumulation of Cd in rice grains.
Abstract: Purpose The area of cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soil in China is increasing due to the rapid development of the Chinese economy. To ensure that the rice produced in China meets current food safety and quality standards, the current soil quality standards for paddy soils urgently need to be updated. Materials and methods We conducted a pot experiment with 19 representative paddy soils from different parts of China to study the effects of soil properties on bioaccumulation of Cd in rice grains. The experiment included a control, a low treatment concentration (0.3 mg kg –1 for pH<6.5 and 0.6 mg kg –1 for pH≥6.5), and a high treatment concentration (0.6 mg kg –1 for pH<6.5 and 1.2 mg kg –1 for pH≥6.5) of Cd salt added to soils. Resultsanddiscussion TheresultsshowedthattheCdcontent ingrains ofthecontrol and low and highCd treatmentsranged from 0.021 to 0.14, 0.07 to 0.27, and 0.12 to 0.33 mg kg –1 , respectively. Stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that soil pH and organic carbon (OC) content could explain over 60 % of the variance in the (log-transformed) bioaccumulation coefficient (BCF) of Cd in grains across soils. Aggregated boosted trees analysis showed that soil pH and OC were the main factors controlling Cd bioavailability in paddy soils. Validation of the models against data from recent literatureindicatedthattheywereabletoaccuratelypredictthe BCF in paddy soils. Conclusions These quantitative relationships between the BCF of Cd in grains and soil properties are helpful for developing soil-specific guidance on Cd safety threshold value for paddy soils.
71 citations
TL;DR: Because of their high trophic position in the food web, harbor seals exhibited the highest concentrations of summation operatorPCB, which exceeded threshold concentrations for potential adverse effects and was applied to derive bay-wide target sediment concentrations for remediation.
Abstract: We document the development and application of a food web bioaccumulation model for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in San Francisco Bay, California, USA. The model calculates spatial distributions of PCB concentrations in a range of invertebrate, fish, avian, and mammalian organisms, including harbor seals, double-crested cormorants, and Forster's terns. The performance of the model is evaluated against independent empirical PCB concentrations and shows a mean deviation between observed and model-calculated concentrations of 36% for female harbor seals and 5% for benthic invertebrates and jack smelt. The model was applied to produce bay-wide PCB concentration distributions in fish and wildlife species, which were compared with threshold effect concentrations to determine ecological risks and human health risks of fish consumption. Because of their high trophic position in the food web, harbor seals exhibited the highest concentrations of summation operatorPCBs, which exceeded threshold concentrations for potential adverse effects. The model was also applied to derive bay-wide target sediment concentrations for remediation as part of an ongoing total maximum daily loading characterization. The model calculated bay-wide geometric mean concentrations of summation operatorPCB in sediments of 1.6 to 73 microg/kg dry weight to meet several ecological and human health risk objectives. The bay-wide geometric summation operatorPCB concentration in the sediments at the time of the study was 11.6 microg/kg dry weight. The model was developed for assessing the behavior and risks of bioaccumulative substances on an ecosystem level.
71 citations
TL;DR: The combination of behavioural factors measurements (cast production and biomass) and physico-chemical parameters such as metal absorption, bioaccumulation by earthworms and their localization in invertebrate tissues provided a valuable indication of pollutant bioavailability and ecotoxicity.
71 citations