Topic
Bioaerosol
About: Bioaerosol is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1347 publications have been published within this topic receiving 34791 citations.
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08 Nov 2016TL;DR: Size distribution of microbial activity exhibited a tendency, the activity increased with increasing particle size, and microbial activity showed no significant correlation with the meteorological factors, such as temperature, relative humidity and UV intensity during the sampling period.
Abstract: In order to study the level and size distribution of microbial activity of atmospheric bioaerosols, bioaerosol samples were collected from November 2015 to January 2016 using size-fractionated bioaerosol samplers at the coastal region of Qingdao, and the microbial activity was measured using the fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis method. The results showed that the level of microbial activity was in the range of 21.89-108.59 ng·m-3 sodium fluorescein during the sampling period, with an average of 59.43 ng·m-3 sodium fluorescein in Qingdao. Size distribution of microbial activity exhibited a tendency, the activity increased with increasing particle size. The microbial activity on particles with coarse size (>2.1 μm) was higher than that on fine size, with the highest average proportion of 24.06% for coarse size larger than 7.0 μm. The daily variation of microbial activity was different for different samples, which showed no significant diurnal variation in winter. The correlation analysis showed that microbial activity was significantly correlated with wind velocity(r=0.445, n=33, **P<0.01) during the sampling period. However, microbial activity showed no significant correlation with the meteorological factors, such as temperature,relative humidity and UV intensity during the sampling period. Moreover, there was no significant correlation of microbial activity with air quality factors, such as AQI, PM2.5, PM10, CO, NO2, O3 and SO2. Source of air mass had significant impact on microbial activity. The average level of microbial activity was 100.33 ng·m-3 sodium fluorescein on sunny days, and the level decreased to 56.53 ng·m-3 sodium fluorescein on hazy days. When the haze was mixed with fog and this special circumstance lasted for several days, the microbial activity reduced to 37.7% of the level of sunny days. Therefore, consecutive hazy weather had great influence on microbial activity.
7 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, a home-built hyper-spectral laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system is presented that can detect and identify bioaerosol clouds in an open atmosphere in daylight up to a distance of 3−4 km.
Abstract: A new compact home-built hyper-spectral laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system is presented that can detect and identify bioaerosol clouds in an open atmosphere in daylight up to a distance of 3−4 km. The system is based on a 266 nm laser source and a dual-stage micro-channel plate intensified charge-coupled device sensor, which provides a high-resolution fluorescence spectrum with the sensitivity of a single photon counting imaging detection at a 10 Hz repetition rate. Controlled remote sensing experiments on biological simulants in the aerosol-phase within an enclosed chamber ( Δ R = 1.2 m ) were conducted from a short distance of ∼170 m. A meticulous comparison between the remote fluorescence signal detected by the system and the instantaneous concentration and particle size distribution of the bioaerosol inside the chamber detected by an aerodynamic particle sizer yielded a threshold of ∼ 20 and 137 μ g r s m - 3 for the spectral identification of tryptophan and ovalbumin, respectively. This showed that the LIDAR can measure environmental airborne biological aerosol remotely in the daytime and can be utilized as a real-time biosphere research tool. Next, the system was tested in open atmospheric field campaigns in the Israeli desert during the day. It successfully detected bioaerosol clouds at up to 2.5 km in strong wind and sunny conditions. These empirical detection and identification results provide robust estimates that a biological cloud can be sensed at a distance of ∼ 4 km.
7 citations
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18 Nov 2005
TL;DR: In this paper, a novel apparatus comprising three main systems, namely, air sampling, detection and computerized electric system, was used in the sampling and identification of bio-aerosols, wherein the identification of the said bioaerosol is base on a multiphoton laser diagnostic technique along with the velocity and aerodynamic size of the particular bio-osol.
Abstract: A novel apparatus comprising three main systems: air sampling, detection and computerized electric system; and method of using the same in the sampling, detection and identification of bioaerosols, wherein the identification of the said bioaerosol is base on a multiphoton laser diagnostic technique along with the velocity and aerodynamic size of the particular bioaerosol. After exposing the said bioaerosols with near infrared wavelength laser, the obtained fluorescence spectra has been shown to be unique and particular for each bioaerosol, thus allowing the characterization of the said particles.
7 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the levels of fungal aerosol in animal premises (tapirs, giraffes, pygmy hippos, monkeys, meerkats, pheasants, ostriches, exotarium) of the Krakow Zoo were assessed using DustTrak Aerosol Monitor.
Abstract: The exposure to airborne dusts and microorganisms is associated with respiratory diseases and other health effects. Currently, research concerning fungal aerosol and particulate matter levels in animal enclosures of zoological gardens is very scarce. Such premises are characterized by numerous sources of air contamination, and they are both working environment and popular tourist attractions. This study aimed to assess the levels of fungal aerosol in animal premises (tapirs, giraffes, pygmy hippos, monkeys, meerkats, pheasants, ostriches, exotarium) of the Krakow Zoo. The bioaerosol samples were collected using a six-stage Andersen impactor to assess the concentrations and size distribution of airborne fungi. Particulate matter (PM10, PM4, PM2.5 and PM1) concentration was assessed using DustTrak Aerosol Monitor. PM concentrations were relatively low (0.048–0.204 mg/m3) and did not exceed the limit values for occupational exposure. Also, the levels of fungal aerosol in almost all cases did not exceed the limit values. The smallest concentration of the total fungal aerosol was observed in the rooms for hippos (approx. 970 CFU/m3) while the highest—in exotarium (16,800 CFU/m3). The share of respirable fraction of bioaerosol was quite high—from 62.6% in monkey houses to 89.2% in exotarium. Having in mind that bioaerosol-forming fungi may contain allergenic species, attention should be paid to thorough cleaning of animals and their premises, and maintaining appropriate levels of microclimatic parameters in the rooms.
7 citations
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TL;DR: Correlation analysis showed that a statistically significant relationship exists between the microbial abundance and the wind direction, wind speed, and the sampling site location; and the greatest number of microorganisms was noted in spring and autumn.
Abstract: Bioaerosol formation is an important process of mass and energy exchange between the sea and the
atmosphere by means of droplets of marine dust. Studies of marine aerosol activity developed in the last
decades of the 20th century. Those studies revealed that concentrations of bacteria in aerosol droplets
were hundreds of times higher than were those measured in superficial marine waters. Moreover, it was
determined that aerosol activity at sea can influence the sanitary condition of the air, especially in seaside
areas. Examinations of air composition in coastal regions were performed on the beaches of the Tri-city,
Sobieszewo, and Komary. Airborne microorganisms were also investigated in the marine zone at the Vistula
river mouth. The air samples were collected by a filtration method using Sartorius apparatus. The exposed
filters were then placed onto agar media in Petri dishes and incubated. All measurements are
expressed in CFU/m3, i.e. colony forming units per cubic metre of examined air. Meteorological parameters
such as temperature, humidity, and wind speed and direction were also measured. The obtained
results revealed statistically significant trends between the total number of bacteria and fungal spores,
and the sampling season. The greatest number of microorganisms was noted in spring and autumn. Correlation
analysis showed that a statistically significant relationship exists between the microbial abundance
and the wind direction, wind speed, and the sampling site location. The maximum number of fungal
spores was detected in the areas of Gdynia and Gdansk Brzeźno when south-west winds were blowing
from the land. The highest number of bacteria was observed at the sampling stations located closest to
the Vistula river mouth (Sobieszewo and Komary).
Int Marit Health
2010; 61, 1: 41-43
7 citations