Topic
Biogas
About: Biogas is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 28571 publications have been published within this topic receiving 498545 citations.
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TL;DR: Environmental impacts from incineration, decentralised composting and centralised anaerobic digestion of solid organic household waste are compared using the EASEWASTE LCA-tool and show that biological treatment methods result in net avoidance of GHG-emissions, but give a larger contribution both to nutrient enrichment and acidification when compared to incineration.
245 citations
01 Jan 2008
TL;DR: The fermentation process in which organic material is degraded and biogas (composed of mainly methane and carbon dioxide) is produced, referred to as anaerobic digestion, is typically the case in stomachs of ruminants, in marshes, sediments of lakes and ditches, municipal land fills, or even municipal sewers as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The fermentation process in which organic material is degraded and biogas (composed of mainly methane and carbon dioxide) is produced, is referred to as anaerobic digestion. Anaerobic digestion processes occur in many places where organic material is available and redox potential is low (zero oxygen). This is typically the case in stomachs of ruminants, in marshes, sediments of lakes and ditches, municipal land fills, or even municipal sewers.
244 citations
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TL;DR: Anaerobic digestion of organic residues has the potential to significantly contribute to a shift from fossil to renewable energy as mentioned in this paper, but the byproduct, anaerobic slurry, does have properties that are different from the undigested material.
Abstract: Anaerobic digestion of organic residues has the potential to significantly contribute to a shift from fossil to renewable energy. The by-product, anaerobic slurry, does have properties that are different from the undigested material. There are concerns of soil organic matter depletion in soils, enhanced greenhouse gas and odour emissions, and pathogen spread upon production and use of biogas slurries as fertilizer. However, considering the pros and cons, anaerobic digestion of residues does have positive effects for the climate, the environment and for the farmer, compared to the use of undigested matter.
244 citations
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TL;DR: Batch experiments showed that hydrogen could be converted to methane by hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis with conversion of more than 90% of the consumed hydrogen to methane, and simultaneous upgrading of biogas was investigated.
Abstract: The possibility of converting hydrogen to methane and simultaneous upgrading of biogas was investigated in both batch tests and fully mixed biogas reactor, simultaneously fed with manure and hydrogen. Batch experiments showed that hydrogen could be converted to methane by hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis with conversion of more than 90% of the consumed hydrogen to methane. The hydrogen consumption rates were affected by both P(H₂) (hydrogen partial pressure) and mixing intensity. Inhibition of propionate and butyrate degradation by hydrogen (1 atm) was only observed under high mixing intensity (shaking speed 300 rpm). Continuous addition of hydrogen (flow rate of 28.6 mL/(L/h)) to an anaerobic reactor fed with manure, showed that more than 80% of the hydrogen was utilized. The propionate and butyrate level in the reactor was not significantly affected by the hydrogen addition. The methane production rate of the reactor with H₂ addition was 22% higher, compared to the control reactor only fed with manure. The CO₂ content in the produced biogas was only 15%, while it was 38% in the control reactor. However, the addition of hydrogen resulted in increase of pH (from 8.0 to 8.3) due to the consumption of bicarbonate, which subsequently caused slight inhibition of methanogenesis.
243 citations
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TL;DR: Effects of the ensiling process, storage periods of up to 1 year and several chemical and biological silage additives on biomethanation were assessed for maize, sorghum, forage rye and triticale to identify optimised conditions for silage production of crops used as feedstock in biogas plants.
243 citations