Topic
Biomphalaria alexandrina
About: Biomphalaria alexandrina is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 413 publications have been published within this topic receiving 3781 citations.
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TL;DR: The oil extract of this plant showed a remarkable molluscicidal activity against used snail species and their egg masses in high conc.
Abstract: This study evaluated the molluscicidal effect of Commiphora mnolmol oil extract (Myrrh), on control of six fresh water snails (Lymnaea natalensis, Bulinus truncatus, Biomphalaria alexandrina, Physa acuta, Melania tuberculata and Cleopatra bulimoides). Also, the extract effect on the egg masses of L. natalensis, B. truncatus, B. alexandrina and Ph. acuta was evaluated. Snails and egg masses were exposed at 16-20 degrees C to various concentrations (conc.). LD50 after 24 hours expo-sure were 264/132, 283/195, 230/252, 200/224, 241/246 & 241/246 ppm for young/adult of L. natalensis, B. truncatus, B. alexandrina, Ph. acuta, M. tuberculata and C. bulimnoides respectively. LDtoo after 24 hours exposure were 400/400 for L. natalensis, B. truncatus, B. alexandrina, M. tuberculata and C. bulimoides, and 300/300 for Ph. acuta. Also, complete mortality (100%) was achieved for the egg masses of L. natalensis, B. truncatus, B. alexandrina and Ph. acuta at concentrations of 300, 200, 300 & 400 ppm respectively. Lower concentrations gave the same results after longer exposure. LD100 of C. molmol oil extract (Myrrh) had a rapid lethal effect on the six snail species and their egg masses in high conc. of 300 & 400 ppm. Commiphora molmol is a promising plant to be included with the candidate plant molluscicides. The oil extract of this plant showed a remarkable molluscicidal activity against used snail species.
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2 citations
01 Jan 2012
TL;DR: Electron microscopical examination of treated animals revealed severe ultrastructural alterations in the cerebral ganglia that included hyperchromatic, pyknotic or highly shrunken nuclei, extreme indentation of plasma membrane, atrophy of the perikarya of some neurons, margination of nucleoli, fragmentation or dilation of rough endoplasmic reticulum.
Abstract: The present study was designed to evaluate the mode of action and neuropathological effect of Selecron, Bayluscide and ethanolic extract of Anagalis arvensis on the neurons of the cerebral ganglia in the freshwater snail B. alexandrina. The snails were subjected to lethal concentration (LC ) of each compound 90 (3.468 ppm for Selecron, 0.082 ppm for Bayluscide and 38.129 ppm for ethanolic extract of A. arvensis) till death of snails after 90 minutes. Then the snails were dissected and the cerebral ganglia were removed. Electron microscopical examination of treated animals revealed severe ultrastructural alterations in the cerebral ganglia. These alterations included hyperchromatic, pyknotic or highly shrunken nuclei, extreme indentation of plasma membrane, atrophy of the perikarya of some neurons, margination of nucleoli, fragmentation or dilation of rough endoplasmic reticulum, damage of mitochondria and vacuolation and destruction of cytoplasm. In addition, degenerated synaptic vesicles and increased number of autophagosomes and myelin figures were frequently observed In the present study the acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AchE) activities was measured in B. alexandrina snails exposed to the same concentration of the tested compounds. The AChE activities in B. alexandrina showed wide variation along the treated snails and control snails, The AChE activities in B. alexandrina decreased significantly at bayluside bayluside (-55.3% reduction) followed by Selecron (-49.2% reduction) and A. arvensis (-39.9% reduction).
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TL;DR: The results demonstrated that the interacting factors between the parasite and the hemolymph of the resistant and susceptible snails do not act in a similar manner, and destruction of the parasite was a restricted function of the hemocytes among resistant snails only.
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01 Dec 2005
TL;DR: Results indicate that O. accuminata, Spirogyra sp and L. perelegans were non toxic, while P. valderianum was toxic to the two snail species (sublethal concentration LC0 was used in the experiments).
Abstract: Planktonic samples were collected from two habitats in Giza Governorate, Kafr Hakem (+ snails) and Sadek canals (- snails). Oscillatoria accuminata and Lyngbya perelegans were collected from the first location, while Phormidium valderianum, Spirogyra sp and Lyngbya perelegans were separated from the second one. Nostoc muscorum was obtained from Theodor Bilharz Research Institute (TBRI) and used in some experiments as control because it is non toxic. The effect of the previously mentioned algal species on Biomphalaria alexandrina and Bulinus truncatus snails, the intermediate hosts of schistosomiasis in Egypt, was studied. Investigations were carried out on the survivorship (Lx), fecundity (Mx) and reproduction (R0) of the snails. The obtained results indicate that O. accuminata, Spirogyra sp and L. perelegans were non toxic, while P. valderianum was toxic to the two snail species (sublethal concentration LC0 was used in the experiments).
Concerning the survivorship, both snail species fed on O. accuminata had a higher survival rate than snails fed on other algal species or lettuce. While low survival rate was recorded in both snail species fed on Spirogyra sp. Fecundity of snails fed on lettuce (control) showed the highest value, followed by P. valderianum and L. perelegans, while the lower fecundity value was recorded in snails fed on O. accuminata. Concerning the net reproductive rate, snails nourished on lettuce recorded the highest value, while those fed on L. perelegans showed the lowest one.
Chromatographic analysis of P. valderianum extract (using GC/MS) revealed the presence of toxic and molluscicidaly active components.
2 citations