Showing papers on "Bioprocess published in 2004"
TL;DR: This review discusses emerging novel biotechnological methods used in leather processing, including a bioprocess-based de-hairing and fiber-opening methodology to reduce toxic waste.
229 citations
01 Oct 2004
TL;DR: A review of the state-of-the-art on vermicomposting is presented in this paper, including the gist of the studies conducted by the authors, including the impact of vermicast on plant growth.
Abstract: A review is presented summarizing the global state-of-the-art, including the gist of the studies conducted by the authors, on vermicomposting. Studies on the impact of vermicast on plant growth are also reviewed. The paper brings out the suitability or otherwise of different species of earthworms to ‘bioprocess’ different types of organic waste. The paper also presents the gist of the studies–which are surprisingly few and far between–on the impact on plant growth of vermicasts produced in reactors fed with aquatic weeds or agrowaste.
88 citations
TL;DR: A mathematical model that integrates light delivery, CO 2 delivery, and macronutrient delivery into the material balance equations for biomass production in a perfusion bubble-column photobioreactor is presented, and model predictions are compared to biomass production data for microplantlet suspension cultures of the model red alga Agardhiella subulata.
79 citations
TL;DR: Through optimization of the medium composition and fermentation conditions, the maximum cell density was increased by two-fold, and a final titer of 1.1 g l(-1) of 6-dEB was achieved, an 11-fold improvement compared to the highest reported titer with E. coli as the production host.
78 citations
TL;DR: A bioprocess for the expression of a recombinant MUC1 fusion protein with a cancer associated glycosylation in CHO-K1 cells has been developed, indicating that the desired glycoforms were obtained and suggesting that the recombinantMUC1 protein could be tested for use in immunotherapy.
77 citations
TL;DR: A novel bioreactor system was designed to monitor mass flux and was successfully applied to the optimization and scale-up of an industrial fermentation process for penicillin, erythromycin, chlortetracyclin, inosine, and guanosine and for production of recombinant human serum albumin and a malaria vaccine by use of the Pichia expression system.
Abstract: In this article problems in multi-scale industrial fermentation processes are discussed. The problems are generated virtually, by using computer simulation on three different scales – the molecular scale (genetics), the cellular scale (metabolic regulation), and the reactor engineering scale. Inter-scale observation and operation are deemed to be crucial in the optimization of bioprocesses. Bioreaction engineering based on metabolic flux analysis and control is further elucidated. Optimization methodology for study of multi-scale problems in a fermentation process, based on correlation of data, and the scale-up technique for regulation of several bioprocess parameters are generalized by investigation of two typical fermentation processes. A novel bioreactor system was designed to monitor mass flux (for example substrates and (by-)products) in a fermentation process. It was successfully applied to the optimization and scale-up of an industrial fermentation process for penicillin, erythromycin, chlortetracyclin, inosine, and guanosine, and for production of recombinant human serum albumin and a malaria vaccine by use of the Pichia expression system. Substantial improvement of industrial fermentation productivity was achieved.
41 citations
TL;DR: This chapter gives an overview of current RNA analysis techniques and the bacterial stress and starvation responses, which are of potential importance for industrial microbial bioprocesses are summarised.
Abstract: New developments in the RNA analysis techniques now enable a comprehensive view on the bacterial physiology under bioprocess conditions The DNA-chip technology allows a genome wide transcriptional profiling of bacterial cells, whose genome sequence is available Although the analyses of microbial bioprocesses have still been somewhat limited to date, this technique has already been successfully applied in different laboratories for the investigation of stress responses of selected industrially relevant bacterial hosts Transcriptome analyses in combination with high resolution two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) and mass spectrometry have been extensively applied for the description of general and specific stress and starvation responses of Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis The consideration of bacterial stress and starvation responses is of crucial importance for the successful establishment of an industrial large scale bioprocess Stress genes can be used as marker genes in order to monitor the fitness of industrial bacterial hosts during fermentation processes This chapter gives an overview of current RNA analysis techniques The bacterial stress and starvation responses, which are of potential importance for industrial microbial bioprocesses are summarised
37 citations
TL;DR: The aim of this review is to take a step forward in framing workable strategies and technologies for molecular plant cell-based bioprocessing based on the fundamental understanding of metabolic pathways and their regulations.
Abstract: Plant cells and tissue cultures hold great promise for controlled production of a myriad of useful secondary metabolites on demand. The current yield and productivity cannot fulfill the commercial goal of a plant cell-based bioprocess for the production of most secondary metabolites. In order to stretch the boundary, recent advances, new directions and opportunities in plant cell-based bioprocessing, have been critically examined for the 10 years from 1992 to 2002. A review of the literature indicated that most of the RD however, the strategies and technical framework are still being developed. It is the aim of this review to take a step forward in framing workable strategies and technologies for molecular plant cell-based bioprocessing. Using anthocyanin biosynthesis as a case study, an integrated postgenomic approach has been proposed. This combines the functional analysis of metabolic pathways for biosynthesis of a particular metabolite from profiling of gene expression and protein expression to metabolic profiling. A global correlation not only can thus be established at the three molecular levels, but also places emphasis on the interactions between primary metabolism and secondary metabolism; between competing and/or complimentary pathways; and between biosynthetic and post-biosynthetic events.
37 citations
TL;DR: The robustness of the control was high, despite significant external disturbances on the cultivation and control parameters, and the controller showed good ability to track a defined biomass trajectory during varying process dynamics.
Abstract: A multivariate bioprocess control approach, capable of tracking a pre-set process trajectory correlated to the biomass or product concentration in the bioprocess is described. The trajectory was either a latent variable derived from multivariate statistical process monitoring (MSPC) based on partial least squares (PLS) modeling, or the absolute value of the process variable. In the control algorithm the substrate feed pump rate was calculated from on-line analyzer data. The only parameters needed were the substrate feed concentration and the substrate yield of the growth-limiting substrate. On-line near-infrared spectroscopy data were used to demonstrate the performance of the control algorithm on an Escherichia coli fed-batch cultivation for tryptophan production. The controller showed good ability to track a defined biomass trajectory during varying process dynamics. The robustness of the control was high, despite significant external disturbances on the cultivation and control parameters.
25 citations
TL;DR: This case study demonstrates that it is possible to produce acceptably pure peptide for potential commodity applications using common scaleable bioprocess unit operations and is shown that BMD is a powerful strategy that can be deployed to reduce bioseparation complexity.
Abstract: The efficient expression and purification of an interfacially active peptide (mLac21) was achieved by using bioprocess-centered molecular design (BMD), wherein key bioprocess considerations are addressed during the initial molecular biology work. The 21 amino acid mLac21 peptide sequence is derived from the lac repressor protein and is shown to have high affinity for the oil-water interface, causing a substantial reduction in interfacial tension following adsorption. The DNA coding for the peptide sequence was cloned into a modified pET-31(b) vector to permit the expression of mLac21 as a fusion to ketosteroid isomerase (KSI). Rational iterative molecular design, taking into account the need for a scaleable bioprocess flowsheet, led to a simple and efficient bioprocess yielding mLac21 at 86% purity following ion exchange chromatography (and >98% following chromatographic polishing). This case study demonstrates that it is possible to produce acceptably pure peptide for potential commodity applications using common scaleable bioprocess unit operations. Moreover, it is shown that BMD is a powerful strategy that can be deployed to reduce bioseparation complexity. (C) 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
18 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The need to operate bioreactors in an efficient manner is becoming more relevant in today's environment of changing process technology and increasing market competition as mentioned in this paper, while many of the important bioprocess variables cannot be measured on-line.
Abstract: The need to operate bioreactors in an efficient manner is becoming more relevant in today's environment of changing process technology and increasing market competition. Better monitoring and control of bioreactors require reliable real-time available process variable information, while many of the important bioprocess variables cannot be measured on-line. On-line estimation of unknown bioprocess variables and incorporation of such variable information in process operation and control strategies can provide improved control performance with enhanced productivity. Bioprocess state estimation is thus an essential component to integrate with the process systems engineering tools such as, advanced process control, fault detection and diagnosis. This paper reviews the developments in state and parameters estimation of bioreactors from on-line monitoring and control perspective.
TL;DR: An unstructured kinetic model was established that defines biomass growth, product formations and substrate consumption rate by using a modified Monod (Levenspiel) model, and it shows relatively good agreement with experimental data.
Abstract: A horizontal rotating tubular bioreactor (HRTB) is a plug flow bioreactor whose interior is provided with O-ring-shaped partition walls that serve as carriers for microbial biomass. During this investigation, microbial biomass was grown in suspension and on the bioreactor inner surface as a microbial biofilm with average mass that was considerably higher than suspended biomass. The dynamics of bioprocess in HRTB was studied by different combinations of process parameters (bioreactor rotation speed and mean residence time) and it was monitored by withdrawing the samples from five positions along the bioreactor. During this investigation it was also observed that mean residence time had a more pronounced effect on the bioprocess dynamics than bioreactor rotation speed. For the description of bioprocess kinetics in HRTB an unstructured kinetic model was established that defines biomass growth, product formations and substrate consumption rate by using a modified Monod (Levenspiel) model. This kinetic model defines changes in suspension and in microbial biofilm, and it shows relatively good agreement with experimental data.
01 Jan 2004
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used a complex nonlinear model in the design of a software sensor and predictive control techniques to estimate and control a biological nitrogen and carbon removal process, and demonstrated the efficiency of both the control and estimation schemes via computer simulations.
Abstract: The aim of this work is to estimate and control a biological nitrogen and carbon removal process. The paper illustrates the use of a complex nonlinear model in the design of a software sensor and predictive control techniques. Process modeling describes the complete dynamics of autotrophic and heterotrophic biomasses, biodegradable organic and nitrogenous matters. The control approach structure is combined with the estimation algorithm, for the on-line reconstruction of unmeasured biological states and unknown parameters of the bioprocess. The efficiency of both the control and estimation schemes are demonstrated via computer simulations.
01 Jan 2004-Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A-toxic\/hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering
TL;DR: Experimental results showed that after treatment by biosorption, the Cu2+ level in wastewater was reduced to level that did not inhibit COD removal efficiency of subsequent SBR activated sludge process, although it still affected the COD adsorption capacity ofactivated sludge.
Abstract: Heavy metal-containing wastewater is difficult to treat by most of the bioprocess due to its toxicity to microorganism in activated sludge. In this study, a combined bioprocess consisting of biosorption section that contained magnetite immobilized Pseudomonas putida 5-x cell as biosorbent followed by sequence batch reactor (SBR) was developed to treat Cu(2+)-containing municipal wastewater. The production techniques of Pseudomonas putida 5-x cell as biosorbent, such as optimal cell harvest period and cell pretreatment techniques were studied. Experimental results showed, considering both cell biomass and cell adsorption capacity to Cu(2+), 36 h is the optimal harvest period in the course of culturing Pseudomonas putida 5-x cells as biosorbent, and 0.1-0.3 mol L(-1) HCl is an optimal cell pretreating eluant to improve Cu(2+) adsorption capacity. The performances of the combined bioprocess for treating Cu(2+) containing wastewater were assessed. Experimental results showed that after treatment by biosorption, the Cu(2+) level in wastewater was reduced to level that did not inhibit COD removal efficiency of subsequent SBR activated sludge process, although it still affected the COD adsorption capacity of activated sludge. In terms of COD removal, the biosorption section was efficient for reducing Cu(2+) concentration to provide biodegradable wastewater for subsequent SBR activated sludge process.
TL;DR: In this article, a predictive strategy for reactive scheduling of a multi-stage bioprocessing plant is outlined, where the various batch stages of the bioreactor are dynamically reallocated to the appropriate processing units in response to the biological variability inherent in each stage.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this work, the scale-up problems of bioreactor with pseudohomogeneous bioprocess (homogeneous distribution of microorganisms and suspended particles in medium) were considered and their relations to the biop rocess and system parameters were studied.
Abstract: Differences between transport and kinetics phenomena in different bioreactor volumes are related to the bioreactor scale-up problems. These phenomena together with differences between great number of specific bioprocesses are the main reasons for the fact that a general scale-up procedure is not established. In this work, the scale-up problems of bioreactor with pseudohomogeneous bioprocess (homogeneous distribution of microorganisms and suspended particles in medium) were considered. The criteria for the scale-up of bioreactor with pseudohomogeneous bioprocess and their relations to the bioprocess and system parameters were studied. Industrial bioprocesses are mainly characterised by heterogeneous distribution of system components. Aerobic bioprocesses are the most numerous group of heterogeneous bioprocesses. In this work, criteria for the scale up of different bioreactor types with heterogeneous bioprocesses were studied in details. Besides the geometrical and hydrodynamic similarity for successful scale-up of bioreactor it is necessary to obtain the physiological similarity of the bioprocess in laboratory and industrial scale. Therefore, the bioprocesses with flocs, pellets and microbial biofilm were also studied. For these bioprocesses, mathematical relations between bioprocess and system parameters were also presented. For mathematical description of phenomena in heterogeneous systems structured models are most often used. These models are characterised by mass or heat balances equations that usually define relations between bioprocess and bioreactor parameters. Obtained mathematical models are very often used with other criteria in the scale-up of biorector with heterogeneous systems.
TL;DR: The result of this study showed that Bacillus sp incubated in the Nutrient Broth medium containing 10 ppm of Cu, with continuous stirring in the room temperature was able to reduce Cu in the medium 8.912–12.623% and accumulateCu in the cell 0.1149–0.1400 %/mg cells.
Abstract: The research was conducted to investigate the ability of Bacillus sp in accumulating Cu and how much it can be acumulated. The medium used to growth the bacterium was Nutrient Broth and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry methods was used to assay the Cu, both in the cells and medium. The result of this study showed that Bacillus sp incubated in the Nutrient Broth medium containing 10 ppm of Cu, with continuous stirring in the room temperature was able to reduce Cu in the medium 8.912–12.623% and accumulate Cu in the cell 0.1149–0.1400 %/mg cells. Based on this result, it is necessary to develop more studies to find out what factors that influence the accumulation process and to optimize the bioprocess.
01 Jan 2004
TL;DR: A semi-analytical computational procedure, which allows bioprocess model parameters to be quickly evaluated from experimental data, is developed and illustrated with an application example.
TL;DR: Up to 2700 isoforms of cytochromes P450 bioconvert components of food bioprocessing are studied to define the biotransformation abilities of particular cytochrome P450 selected from 57 human isoforms in appropriate tissues such as the liver.
Abstract: Up to 2700 isoforms of cytochromes P450 bioconvert components of food bioprocessing. Nutragenomics define the biotransformation abilities of particular cytochromes P450 selected from 57 human isoforms in appropriate tissues such as the liver. Safety predictions solely in silico are unreliable using metallomimics of the Fe-containing enzymes. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
TL;DR: In this article, an unstructured model based on Sonnleitner's model is presented and an identification procedure for five kinetic parameters is developed on the basis of the optimal experimental design theory.