Bioprocess

About: Bioprocess is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2219 publications have been published within this topic receiving 50972 citations.

In-situ-fluorescence-probes: a useful tool for non-invasive bioprocess monitoring.

Abstract: Optical sensors appear to be very promising for different applications in modern biotechnology. They offer the possibility to interface all the well known optical analysis techniques to bioprocesses via fiber optical cables. Thus, high sophisticated and sensitive optical analysis techniques can be coupled to a bioprocess via these light signal transporting fibers. A wide variety of sensor types for application in biotechnology has been described [1-4]. Normally these sensors are non-invasive and the response times are nearly instantaneous. In particular, the use of glass fiber technology makes these sensors small, robust and reduces their costs.

Prospects and challenges for cell-cultured fat as a novel food ingredient.

Abstract: Background In vitro meat production has been proposed as a solution to environmental and animal welfare issues associated with animal agriculture. While most academic work on cell-cultured meat has focused on innovations for scalable muscle tissue culture, fat production is an important and often neglected component of this technology. Developing suitable biomanufacturing strategies for adipose tissue from agriculturally relevant animal species may be particularly beneficial due to the potential use of cell-cultured fat as a novel food ingredient. Scope and approach Here we review the relevant studies from areas of meat science, cell biology, tissue engineering, and bioprocess engineering to provide a foundation for the development of in vitro fat production systems. We provide an overview of adipose tissue biology and functionality with respect to meat products, then explore cell lines, bioreactors, and tissue engineering strategies of potential utility for in vitro adipose tissue production for food. Regulation and consumer acceptance are also discussed. Key findings and conclusions Existing strategies and paradigms are insufficient to meet the full set of unique needs for a cell-cultured fat manufacturing platform, as tradeoffs are often present between simplicity, scalability, stability, and projected cost. Identification and validation of appropriate cell lines, bioprocess strategies, and tissue engineering techniques must therefore be an iterative process as a deeper understanding of the needs and opportunities for cell-cultured fat develops.

Optimizing Mixed-Culture Bioprocessing To Convert Wastes into Bioenergy

Abstract: The most efficient systems for biodegradation of polymeric organic compounds are mixed cultures that have evolved in some insect and mammalian guts. The efficiency and economic viability of converting organic wastes to biofuels depends on the characteristics of the waste material, especially the chemical composition and the concentrations of the components that can be converted into products that can be used as fuels. As mixed-culture fermentation involves large microbial communities, only certain compounds can be produced. Some products cannot be generated because they are converted to other compounds by the mixed culture more quickly than they are formed. When glucose-containing waste streams, such as those that are high in starch or cellulose, are used to produce bioenergy, butyrate may be one of the most important organic acid products. The hydrogen yield in mixed-culture bioprocessing can be increased by physically separating the anaerobic oxidation of sugars from hydrogen production by conducting the reactions in the anode and cathode, respectively, of a microbial fuel cell (MFC). Diverse microbial communities with metabolic flexibility should be more resistant to bacteriophage attack because different species or strains with similar metabolic functions can take over. Bioaugmentation can be used when modeling or systems biology analysis shows that a metabolic pathway that is needed to produce a useful energy carrier or its precursor is missing from the community metabolome.

High cell density cultivation of Pseudomonas putida KT2440 using glucose without the need for oxygen enriched air supply

Abstract: High Cell Density (HCD) cultivation of bacteria is essential for the majority of industrial processes to achieve high volumetric productivity (g L−1 h−1) of a bioproduct of interest. This study developed a fed batch bioprocess using glucose as sole carbon and energy source for the HCD of the well described biocatalyst Pseudomonas putida KT2440 without the supply of oxygen enriched air. Growth kinetics data from batch fermentations were used for building a bioprocess model and designing feeding strategies. An exponential followed by linearly increasing feeding strategy of glucose was found to be effective in maintaining biomass productivity while also delaying the onset of dissolved oxygen (supplied via compressed air) limitation. A final cell dry weight (CDW) of 102 g L−1 was achieved in 33 h with a biomass productivity of 3.1 g L−1 h−1 which are the highest ever reported values for P. putida strains using glucose without the supply of pure oxygen or oxygen enriched air. The usefulness of the biomass as a biocatalyst was demonstrated through the production of the biodegradable polymer polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA). When nonanoic acid (NA) was supplied to the glucose grown cells of P. putida KT2440, it accumulated 32% of CDW as PHA in 11 h (2.85 g L−1 h−1) resulting in a total of 0.56 kg of PHA in 18 L with a yield of 0.56 g PHA g NA−1. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2015;112: 725–733. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.