Bioreactor

TL;DR: Application of aerobic granule can improve sludge filtering properties and delay the process of membrane fouling, as a result of better morphological structure and lower EPS content.

TL;DR: It was shown that even without dosing of an external carbon source, denitrification rates much above endogenous rates could be obtained in post-denitrification systems, and the anaerobic reactor located ahead of the process had a positive impact on the DNR.

TL;DR: The inoculated aerobic granules could maintain stable under short setting time environment, making it directly as the crystal nucleus and the carriers for new particles without obvious disintegration, which eventually shortened the granulation time greatly.

TL;DR: The increase of WLR and the decrease of HRT diminished the performances of this system in terms of decolourization and COD removal explained by the sloughing of biofilm, and the washout phenomena.

TL;DR: Whey permeate obtained by ultrafiltration of cottage cheese whey and supplemented with yeast extract was converted into lactic acid by Lactobacillus bulgaricus in a high-performance membrane bioreactor configured in the cell recycle mode and productivity was vastly superior to conventional batch fermentations.