Showing papers on "Biotic stress published in 1996"
TL;DR: It is argued that the relative lack of success of breeding for stress conditions in general, and for drought-stress conditions in particular, can be partly attributed to use of the same breeding approach that is successful for favourable environments.
Abstract: Since agriculture began, drought has been on of the major plagues affecting crop production causing famine and death. Despite many decades of research, drought continues to be a major challenge to agricultural scientists. This is due to the unpredictability of its occurrence, severity, timing and duration; and to the interaction of drought with other abiotic stresses, particularly extremes of temperature and variations in nutrients availability; and with biotic stresses. Breeding has not been as effective in improving crop production under drought-stress conditions as it has in their absence — or where the stress can be alleviated by irrigation. This paper argues that the relative lack of success of breeding for stress conditions in general, and for drought-stress conditions in particular, can be partly attributed to use of the same breeding approach that is successful for favourable environments. A different breeding approach for drought-stress conditions is discussed in relation to the environment in which selection should be conducted, the germplasm to be used, and the experimental designs and plot techniques to be employed.
171 citations
01 Jan 1996
TL;DR: The potential interactions among abiotic and biotic factors in southern pine forests are extremely complex, particularly when one considers these interactions over a tree's lifetime as discussed by the authors, which can be antagonistic, neutral, additive, or synergistic, resulting in a continuum of tree response.
Abstract: The potential interactions among abiotic and biotic factors in southern pine forests are extremely complex, particularly when one considers these interactions over a tree’s lifetime. We know from experimental data that individual factors tend to impact trees either negatively or positively: Only factors that show a response tend to be published. Interactions among factors and their impact on trees can be antagonistic, neutral, additive, or synergistic, resulting in a continuum of tree response. When considering these complex relationships, four critical features must be considered (Table 7.1). The first consists of the abiotic aspects associated with the forest environment, whereas the other three encompass various levels of organization within the biotic features from the individual organism through the ecosystem level.
5 citations