Blackout

About: Blackout is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2088 publications have been published within this topic receiving 30433 citations.

Advanced algorithm to detect stealthy cyber attacks on automatic generation control in smart grid

Abstract: One of the basic requirements of today's sophisticated world is the availability of electrical energy, and neglect of this matter may have irreparable damages such as an extensive blackout. The problems which were introduced about the traditional power grid, and also, the growing advances in smart technologies make the traditional power grid go towards smart power grid. Although widespread utilisation of telecommunication networks in smart power grid enhances the efficiency of the system, it will create a critical platform for cyber attacks and penetration into the system. Automatic generation control (AGC) is a fundamental control system in the power grid, and it is responsible for controlling the frequency of the grid. An attack on the data transmitted through the telecommunications link from the sensors to the AGC will cause frequency deviation, resulting in disconnection of the load, generators and ultimately global blackout. In this study, by using a Kalman filter and a proposed detector, a solution has been presented to detect the attack before it can affect the system. Contrary to existing methods, this method is able to detect attacks that are stealthy from the area control error signal and X2-detector. Simulations confirm the effectiveness of this method. (Less)

Investigations on optimization of accident management measures following a station blackout accident in a VVER-1000 pressurized water reactor

Abstract: The reactor safety issues are of primary importance for preserving the health of the population and ensuring no release of radioactivity and fission products into the environment. A part of the nuclear research focuses on improvement of the safety of existing nuclear power plants. Studies, research and efforts are a continuing process at improving the safety and reliability of existing and newly developed nuclear power plants at prevention of a core melt accident. Station blackout (loss of AC power supply) is one of the dominant accidents taken into consideration at performing accident analysis. In case of multiple failures of safety systems it leads to a severe accident. To prevent an accident to turn into a severe one or to mitigate the consequences, accident management measures must be performed. The present paper outlines possibilities for application and optimization of accident management measures following a station blackout accident. Assessed is the behaviour of the nuclear power plant during a station blackout accident without accident management measures and with application of primary/secondary side oriented accident management measures. Discussed are the possibilities for operators ' intervention and the influence of the performed accident management measures on the course of the accident. Special attention hasmore » been paid to the effectiveness of the passive feeding and physical phenomena having an influence on the system behaviour. The performed simulations show that the effectiveness of the secondary side feeding procedure can be limited due to an early evaporation or flashing effects in the feed water system. The analyzed cases show that the effectiveness of the accident management measures strongly depends on the initiation criteria applied for depressurization of the reactor coolant system. (authors)« less

Zone area power failure analyzing method based on common transformer and analysis of big data acquired by users

Abstract: The invention provides a zone area power failure analyzing method based on a common transformer and analysis of big data acquired by users, and relates to a power failure analyzing method. At present, blackout accidents fail to report easily and are identified wrongly. The zone area power failure analyzing method comprises the following steps of processing power failure alarming; processing power recovery alarming; processing an event that power failure alarming exists while power recovery alarming does not exist; and processing an event that both power failure alarming and power recovery alarming do not exist. According to the technical scheme, on the basis of a digital communication technology and a power failure intelligent analysis warning technology, a mobile communication network serves as a carrier, the possibility of power failure of a zone area can be accurately determined with the aid of data acquired by a terminal of the common transformer in real time and voltage data acquired by an intelligent electric meter and by a zone area power failure analyzing algorithm which is designed according to years of running experiments of a scene and is based on the common transformer and analysis of the big data acquired by the users, whether a blackout accident occurs or not is judged by measuring an electric meter under the zone area, related personnel are notified by various methods such as a short message service method in time, and the purposes of controlling power failure information in time, quickly repairing to recover power supplying, shortening power failure time and guaranteeing power consumption of people in production and daily life are achieved.

Energy storage for black start services: A review

Abstract: Abstract With the increasing deployment of renewable energy-based power generation plants, the power system is becoming increasingly vulnerable due to the intermittent nature of renewable energy, and a blackout can be the worst scenario. The current auxiliary generators must be upgraded to energy sources with substantially high power and storage capacity, a short response time, good profitability, and minimal environmental concern. Difficulties in the power restoration of renewable energy generators should also be addressed. The different energy storage methods can store and release electrical/thermal/mechanical energy and provide flexibility and stability to the power system. Herein, a review of the use of energy storage methods for black start services is provided, for which little has been discussed in the literature. First, the challenges that impede a stable, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective energy storage-based black start are identified. The energy storage-based black start service may lack supply resilience. Second, the typical energy storage-based black start service, including explanations on its steps and configurations, is introduced. Black start services with different energy storage technologies, including electrochemical, thermal, and electromechanical resources, are compared. Results suggest that hybridization of energy storage technologies should be developed, which mitigates the disadvantages of individual energy storage methods, considering the deployment of energy storage-based black start services.