Showing papers on "Blisters published in 1986"
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Immunoreactivity (IR) of substance P (SP) and Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) were determined by radioimmunoassay in serum of 56 patients with inflammatory skin diseases, in blister fluid of 40 patients with spontaneous blisters and 31 subjects with induced skin blisters.
Abstract: Immunoreactivity (IR) of substance P (SP) and Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) were determined by radioimmunoassay in serum of 56 patients with inflammatory skin diseases, in blister fluid of 40 patients with spontaneous blisters and 31 subjects with induced skin blisters. Serum concentrations of SP-IR and VIP-IR were mostly low or non-detectable. Spontaneous blisters contained high amounts of SP-IR, particularly in bullous pemphigoid and in some inflammatory dermatoses, while VIP-IR levels usually were low. Suction blisters from inflamed but not from normal skin often contained SP-IR but more seldom VIP-IR.
68 citations
TL;DR: It is speculated that the role of this inhibitor in blister fluid involves the inhibitions of active proteinases within the bulla cavity and may occur to limit the extent of blister formation or to assist in wound repair.
36 citations
TL;DR: High enzyme activities were found in spontaneous blisters, and suction blister fluids obtained from developing lesions showed increased levels of gelatinase and elastase‐like enzymes, which could be either enzyme‐inhibitor complexes or aggregates.
Abstract: SUMMARY
Proteolytic enzymes may be involved in blister formation in dermatitis herpetiformis (DH). We have examined collagenase, gelatinase and elastase-like enzyme activities in fluids collected from spontaneous blisters and from suction blisters raised on developing DH-lesions induced by application of potassium iodide. Control suction blisters were raised on unaffected DH-skin and on healthy volunteers. High enzyme activities were found in spontaneous blisters, and suction blister fluids obtained from developing lesions showed increased levels of gelatinase and elastase-like enzymes. Inhibitor studies revealed that a part of the elastase-like enzyme activity might be derived from inflammatory cells. Gel filtration chromatography disclosed two separate elastase-like enzymes which, as they had high molecular weights, could be either enzyme-inhibitor complexes or aggregates.
24 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: An increased leakage into the blister of hyaluronate from the dermis, probably through the lymph vessels, therefore seems best to explain the high concentrations of hyAluronate.
Abstract: With a specific radioassay hyaluronic acid (hyaluronate) concentrations have been determined in suction blister fluid from abdominal skin and serum. Healthy subjects, patients with acrosclerosis, CRST, mucinosis and urticaria had 0.8-5.6 micrograms/ml of hyaluronate in their suction blisters, which is about 100 times more than the serum level. Increased concentrations were noted in blister fluid from patients with active lesions of systemic and localized scleroderma as well as lichen sclerosus. Here the increase could be due to an increased production of hyaluronate in the dermis. High levels of hyaluronate were, however, also found in blister fluid from patients with other types of inflamed skin. An increased leakage into the blister of hyaluronate from the dermis, probably through the lymph vessels, therefore seems best to explain the high concentrations of hyaluronate.
22 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: It is concluded that blisters are a consistent finding in keratinocyte cultures grown under standard conditions, and their formation may be associated with active transport and triggered during differentiation.
18 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a stress analysis of pressure tubes was performed to study stresses produced by volume expansion associated with the precipitation of zirconium hydrides in a ZIRconium matrix in the form of blisters.
15 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The results indicate that various proteinases are present in blisters fluids and that they may participate in the blister formation by degrading structural components of the basement membrane zone and the dermis.
Abstract: Blister fluid samples were collected from suction induced control blisters and from spontaneous blisters from various blistering diseases for the measurement of elastase-like enzyme activities using synthetic succinyl-L-(alanyl)3-paranitroanilide (SAPNA) and alanyl paranitroanilide (ala-PNA) as the substrates. The blister fluids derived from bullous pemphigoid, pyoderma or epidermolysis bullosa dystroficans lesions contained higher levels of elastase-like enzyme activities than burn blisters or fresh suction blisters. The gel filtration studies using Sepharose CL-4B chromatography revealed two major peaks of SAPNA hydrolysing enzyme activity in burn blister and in bullous pemphigoid blister. The first peak eluted in void volume, and the second peak had an apparent molecular weight of 2.5 X 10(5) daltons. The results indicate that various proteinases are present in blisters fluids and that they may participate in the blister formation by degrading structural components of the basement membrane zone and the dermis.
10 citations
TL;DR: Clinical, immunological, histological and ultrastructural studies provided a diagnosis of mechanical dermatitis produced by microtrauma, and electron microscopy studies revealed the sub‐epidermal nature of the blisters and the presence of underlying fibrin deposits.
Abstract: We present the case of an 11-month-old baby with a burn that healed normally over a month, but subsequently developed successive crops of blisters over the scar. There were no changes in his general condition. Clinical, immunological, histological and ultrastructural studies provided a diagnosis of mechanical dermatitis produced by microtrauma. Electron microscopy studies revealed the sub-epidermal nature of the blisters and the presence of underlying fibrin deposits.
9 citations
01 Aug 1986-Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms
TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive study of blistering of Mylar under 100 and 250 keV H + -ion implantation has been made, where the conversion of blisters to "Karnavalaya" and vice-versa due to electron beam excitation during scanning electron microscopy of the implanted sample is found to be an analog of similar events taking place during ion implantatio.
Abstract: A comprehensive study of blistering of Mylar under 100 and 250 keV H + -ion implantation has been made. The conversion of blisters to “Karnavalaya” and vice-versa due to electron beam excitation during scanning electron microscopy of the implanted sample is found to be an analog of similar events taking place during ion implantatio. This results in the development of complex blisters. The critical dose for blistering is found to be dependent on the residual surface stresses. It is higher when the stresses are compressive as when tensile. The gases emitted during ion implantation were analysed by a residual gas analyser. CO and CO 2 are found to be the main components resulting from radiolysis of the Mylar due to H + ion implantation. However, the emission of H 2 in this case remains inconclusive due to various experimental limitations. Various observed features on the Mylar surface after ion implantation were successfully explained on the basis of a proposed model of blistering based on the micro-structure of semicrystalline polymers.
6 citations
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that blisters which were formed on the surface of austenitic steels under the influence of pulsed currents of a hydrogen or deuterium plasma contain hydrocarbons, particularly methane, which helps to explain the behavior of the blisters in subsequent heating.
Abstract: This investigation has shown that blisters which were formedon the surface of austenitic steels under the influence of pulsed currents of a hydrogen or deuterium plasma contain- in addition to hydrogen (deuterium)- hydrocarbons, particularly methane, the presence of which helps to explain the behavior of the blisters in subsequent heating.
4 citations
TL;DR: Skin blisters at different stages were taken from 4 patients with bullous pemphigoid and studied mainly by scanning electron microscopy to suggest that the basal cells are degenerated and shed off into the blister fluid, so that the prickle cells become flattened and directly face the blister fluids during blister formation.
Abstract: Skin blisters at different stages were taken from 4 patients with bullous pemphigoid and studied mainly by scanning electron microscopy. The under-surface of the roof of the newly formed blisters was
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the dose dependence of this pattern of blistering and the onset temperatures for the various artifacts determined, and attributed the absence of high levels of compressive stress; tensile stresses normal to the surface; and the lateral gradients of the tensile and compressive stresses.
01 Aug 1986
TL;DR: In this article, a detailed technical document details the experimentation and research undertaken to more clearly define the nature and causes of osmotic blisters which develop in fiberglass reinforced plastics used in the construction of boats.
Abstract: : The highly technical document details the experimentation and research undertaken to more clearly define the nature and causes of osmotic blisters which develop in fiberglass reinforced plastics used in the construction of boats. The document is divided into the following topics: Introduction; Hull Material; Water Diffusion; Nucleation of Blisters; Blister Growth; Long Term Deterioration; Experimental Results: Blister Resistance; Net Weight Change Experiments; Permeability; Exotherm Experiment; Air Inhibition Studies; Stress Measurement Experiments; Trace Metal Analysis; Discussion. Keywords: Blisters, Boat fiberglass, Building materials.
01 Oct 1986
TL;DR: In this article, several blisters in built-up roof membranes were instrumented with pressure and temperature sensors; internal blister pressures varied from positive during the heat of the day to negative during the cool of the night; these pressure changes cause blisters to grow.
Abstract: : Several blisters in built-up roof membranes were instrumented with pressure and temperature sensors. Internal blister pressures varied from positive during the heat of the day to negative during the cool of the night; these pressure changes cause blisters to grow. Air is drawn into the blister at night. When exposed to sunshine, the air rapidly expands before it can escape. Water is not necessary to cause growth. Blisters grow best when the days are hot and the nights are cool. Pressures apparently do not occur within the insulated space of a roof to cause blisters. Reflective coatings may help to slow blister growth. Growth can be stopped by using a miniature pressure relief valve. Keywords: Damage, Leakage(Fluid), Tensile Stress, Roof Repair.
Patent•
22 Oct 1986
TL;DR: A bed insert comprising a flexible, water-impermeable blister film comprising a first plastic sheet having substantially cylindrical recesses and a second plastic sheet (3) bonded to the first sheet such that the second sheet sealed the recesses to form gas-filled blisters as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: A bed insert comprising a flexible, water-impermeable blister film comprising a first plastic sheet (1) having substantially cylindrical recesses (2) and a second plastic sheet (3) bonded to the first sheet (1) such that the second sheet seals the recesses of the first sheet to form gas-filled blisters (4), the total area of the bases of the gas-filled blisters amounting to 45 to 92% of the total area of the blister film. The first sheet and preferably also the second sheet are formed from a thermoplastic material comprising polyethylene and chlorinated polyethylene.