Topic
Blisters
About: Blisters is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 980 publications have been published within this topic receiving 16229 citations.
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25 Apr 2008TL;DR: Dry powder blister packages include sealed blisters with a piezoelectric active layer that flexes to vibrate the dry powder in a blister to facilitate active dispersion as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Dry powder blister packages include sealed blisters with a piezoelectric active layer that flexes to vibrate the dry powder in a blister to facilitate active dispersion.
21 citations
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TL;DR: It is concluded that suction blisters of the skin behave like a dynamic interstitium-like compartment with dynamic physiological properties in six young men without known skin disease.
Abstract: In six young men without known skin disease we evaluated whether mild suction to the skin significantly alters the properties of the underlying capillaries or whether suction blisters can be regarded as an interstitium-like compartment with dynamic physiological properties. Instead of the usual technique where the tracer is administered intravenously prior to the suction, we postponed the administration of the tracer (99mTc-DTPA) to 15 min after the suction blisters had been formed on the abdominal skin. We found that the final slope of average interstitium 99mTc-DTP A was almost parallel to that of the final slope of 99mTc-DTP A in the blister fluid (r = 0.917). During the period 120-240 min after the injection where the final slopes could be defined, the ratio between the amount of 99mTc-DTPA present in the interstitium and the amount of 99mTc-DTPA present in a blister fluid volume equal to interstitial fluid volume was 1.3. It is concluded that suction blisters of the skin behave like a dynamic interst...
21 citations
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TL;DR: It is suggested that burn blister fluid may promote wound healing, and locally released calmodulin contributes to this effect, and in appropriate cases it may be beneficial to leave burn blisters intact.
Abstract: It is unclear whether burn blister fluid is beneficial or deleterious to the healing of the underlying wound. We investigated the calcium binding protein calmodulin in human burn blister fluid and its role in the mitogenicity of this fluid in the culture of human keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and mouse 3T3 fibroblasts. Calmodulin levels in blister fluid were three times greater than in serum (p < 0.005), whereas epidermal growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor concentrations were significantly lower (p < 0.001). Calmodulin in blister fluid was biochemically identified after affinity chromatography, Western blotting, and immunostaining with a monoclonal antibody. Inhibiting calmodulin with either an antagonist or antibody to calmodulin reduced the mitogenic activity of blister fluid in three cell types by 26% to 80%. These in vitro studies suggest that burn blister fluid may promote wound healing, and locally released calmodulin contributes to this effect. In appropriate cases it may be beneficial to leave burn blisters intact.
21 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a study of the influence of the processing conditions on the blistering of Al2O3 layers grown by atomic layer deposition (ALD) on silicon substrates is presented.
Abstract: In this work, a study of the influence of the processing conditions on the blistering of Al2O3 layers grown by atomic layer deposition (ALD) on silicon substrates is presented. The phenomenon occurs when the as-deposited layers are annealed at high temperature in a N2 atmosphere. The characterization of the blistering in terms of density and dimensions indicates that the higher the annealing temperature the higher the density but also the smaller the blister diameter, while the thicker the oxide the larger the blisters. The processing of the blistered layers to obtain Al-Al2O3-Si structures enhances the blistering phenomenon and at the same time affects the silicon surface underneath the blister. This has been evidenced by chemical etching of the deposited layers that have revealed in circular silicon voids of the size of the blister. The influence of the oxygen precursor used in the ALD process has also been investigated, showing that the blister size is reduced when using O3 instead of H2O. Finally, the use of a thin thermally grown SiO2 layer is shown to avoid blistering of Al2O3 films.
21 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, size-dependent morphological characteristics of buckle-driven delaminations in large-scale brittle silicon nitride films in accompany with ridge cracking are reported, and the buckling morphologies fall into four distinct categories in a phase diagram.
20 citations