scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Topic

Blisters

About: Blisters is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 980 publications have been published within this topic receiving 16229 citations.


Papers
More filters
Journal Article
TL;DR: The cellular contents of blisters induced by suction over new, uncomplicated leprosy lesions, and in the skin of cured, control patients, have been examined with enzyme- and immuno-histochemical staining over a period of 4 days.
Abstract: The cellular contents of blisters induced by suction over new, uncomplicated leprosy lesions, and in the skin of cured, control patients, have been examined with enzyme- and immuno-histochemical staining over a period of 4 days. The total cellularity of the blisters varied over a wide range, not correlated with the type of leprosy. Mononuclear cells predominated at all times studied, with nearly equal percentages of monocytes and T lymphocytes. The T-helper: suppressor ratio was significantly greater in BT than in BL and LL lesions at 48 hr. Suction blisters offer a painless, quantitative, reproducible, multiple-sampling method for obtaining cells from the cutaneous infiltrates of leprosy for phenotyping or functional analysis.

9 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the failure mechanisms of micro hollow cathode discharges (MHCD) in silicon have been investigated using their I-V characteristics, high speed photography and scanning electron microscopy.
Abstract: The failure mechanisms of micro hollow cathode discharges (MHCD) in silicon have been investigated using their I-V characteristics, high speed photography and scanning electron microscopy. Experiments were carried out in helium. We observed I–V instabilities in the form of rapid voltage decreases associated with current spikes. The current spikes can reach values more than 100 times greater than the average MHCD current. (The peaks can be more than 1 Ampere for a few 10’s of nanoseconds.) These current spikes are correlated in time with 3–10 μm diameter optical flashes that occur inside the cavities. The SEM characterizations indicated that blister-like structures form on the Si surface during plasma operation. Thin Si layers detach from the surface in localized regions. We theorize that shallow helium implantation occurs and forms the ‘blisters’ whenever the Si is biased as the cathode. These blisters ‘explode’ when the helium pressure inside them becomes too large leading to the transient micro-arcs seen in both the optical emission and the I–V characteristics. We noted that blisters were never found on the metal counter electrode, even when it was biased as the cathode (and the Si as the anode). This observation led to a few suggestions for delaying the failure of Si MHCDs. One may coat the Si cathode (cavities) with blister resistant material; design the MHCD array to operate with the Si as the anode rather than as the cathode; or use a gas additive to prevent surface damage. Regarding the latter, tests using SF6 as the gas additive successfully prevented blister formation through rapid etching. The result was an enhanced MHCD lifetime.

9 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the critical amount of injected ions required for blistering to occur is estimated to be equal to or less than 3.4 × 1017 ions/cm2.

9 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A case of aggressive bullous pemphigoid (BP) concurrent with plaque psoriasis successfully treated with Janus kinase inhibitor Baricitinib in an 83‐year‐old Chinese man shows a complete remission of both bullous and psoriatic lesions without any adverse effects.
Abstract: We report a case of aggressive bullous pemphigoid (BP) concurrent with plaque psoriasis successfully treated with Janus kinase inhibitor Baricitinib. The 83‐year‐old Chinese man suffered 10 years of psoriasis and developed BP with typical intense blisters and significantly elevated serum anti‐BP180 autoantibodies. Due to concerns on his poor health conditions including stage III hypertension and potential serious side effects of standard treatment with systematic steroid, he was given Baricitinib orally 4 mg/day. Significant improvement in skin lesions and pruritus was noted following treatment for 12 weeks, from which the dose of Baricitinib was halved and continued for an additional 12 weeks. He showed a complete remission of both bullous and psoriatic lesions without any adverse effects at the 24‐week follow‐up visit. Our observation suggests a potential of Baricitinib as a new alternative therapeutic option for concurrent plaque psoriasis and BP or either of them.

9 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results show that repeated mast cell degranulation in normal skin has no effect on the formation rate of suction blisters, which developed more rapidly on acutely whealing skin.
Abstract: Mast cells and their proteases are thought to participate in the development of skin blisters in various pathological conditions. In this study, suction blistering was used as an experimental model to evaluate the significance of mast cells in blister formation after pre-treatment of normal skin with intradermal injections of 100 microg/ml compound 48/80 (a mast cell degranulator) or with 0.1% capsaicin cream. Tryptic and chymotryptic enzyme activities in blister fluids were measured with sensitive p-nitroanilide substrates. Repeated injections of compound 48/80 once a day on 3 or 5 consecutive days or capsaicin applications 3 times a day for 7 or 10 days were used to induce mast cell degranulation and inflammation in normal skin. Both treatments ultimately led to decreased wheal and erythema reactions before suction blistering, but neither treatment affected the size or formation rate of suction blisters. No suction blister fluids had detectable levels of chymotryptic activity, but blister fluids from bullous pemphigoid, herpes zoster and insect bullous eruption, used as the control, revealed clear chymotryptic activity. In addition, tryptic activity in suction blister fluids was not significantly altered after compound 48/80 and capsaicin pre-treatments. However, if the wheal reaction was induced immediately before suction blistering, a significantly increased rate in blister formation together with increased tryptic activity was found, but, unexpectedly, no chymotryptic activity could be detected in blister fluids. The results show that repeated mast cell degranulation in normal skin has no effect on the formation rate of suction blisters, which developed more rapidly on acutely whealing skin. This is probably due to skin oedema rather than mast cell proteases, since no chymotryptic activity was detected in suction blisters where tryptic activity exhibited high individual variation.

9 citations


Network Information
Related Topics (5)
Ultraviolet light
49.4K papers, 843.1K citations
71% related
Dislocation
36.8K papers, 872.2K citations
69% related
Adhesion
28.8K papers, 801.9K citations
66% related
Scanning electron microscope
74.7K papers, 1.3M citations
66% related
Transmission electron microscopy
32.3K papers, 683.5K citations
65% related
Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202353
2022133
202118
202036
201922
201846