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Blood serum

About: Blood serum is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 46843 publications have been published within this topic receiving 993315 citations.


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TL;DR: Examination of serum biochemical parameters and acute phase protein levels in a herd of Saanen goats showing signs of pregnancy toxaemia found the evaluation of acute phase proteins is useful and also quicker in cases of suspected pregnancy intoxication.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine selected serum biochemical parameters and acute phase protein levels in a herd of Saanen goats showing signs of pregnancy toxaemia. Seventy five female goats were used and divided into three groups. Group 1 ( n = 57) (blood serum glucose levels were within the physiological range), Group 2 ( n = 11) (serum glucose values were low) and Group 3 ( n = 7) (serum glucose values were high). Goats in Groups 2 and 3 were diagnosed with pregnancy toxaemia. Apart from serum glucose, β- hydroxybutyrate (BHB), triglycerides, blood pH, calcium (Ca), sodium (Na), potassium (K), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), haptoglobin (Hp), serum amyloid A (SAA) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured in all animals. In Group 3 average Hp and SAA values were found to be significantly ( P < 0.001) higher than in Groups 1 and 2, and also higher in Group 2 than in Group 1. Acute phase proteins in goats with pregnancy toxaemia may be used in the course and the prognosis of the disease. The evaluation of acute phase proteins is useful and also quicker in cases of suspected pregnancy intoxication.

26 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Serological testing for Lyme borreliosis with rates of seropositivity according to clinical symptoms indicates a low pretest probability and there is a notable risk of false positive results.
Abstract: Serological testing for Lyme borreliosis (LB) is frequently requested by general practitioners for patients with a wide variety of symptoms. A survey was performed in order to characterize test utilization and clinical features of patients investigated for serum antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. During one calendar year a questionnaire was sent to the general practitioners who had ordered LB serology from patients in three Danish counties (population 1.5 million inhabitants). Testing was done with a commercial ELISA assay with purified flagella antigen from a Danish strain of B. afzelii. A total of 4,664 patients were tested. The IgM and IgG seropositivity rates were 9.2% and 3.3%, respectively. Questionnaires from 2,643 (57%) patients were available for analysis. Erythema migrans (EM) was suspected in 38% of patients, Lyme arthritis/disseminated disease in 23% and early neuroborreliosis in 13%. Age 0-15 years and suspected EM were significant predictors of IgM seropositivity, whereas suspected acrodermatitis was a predictor of IgG seropositivity. LB was suspected in 646 patients with arthritis, but only 2.3% were IgG seropositive. This is comparable to the level of seropositivity in the background population indicating that Lyme arthritis is a rare entity in Denmark, and the low pretest probability should alert general practitioners to the possibility of false positive LB serology. Significant predictors for treating the patient were a reported tick bite and suspected EM. A detailed description of the utilization of serology for Lyme borreliosis with rates of seropositivity according to clinical symptoms is presented. Low rates of seropositivity in certain patient groups indicate a low pretest probability and there is a notable risk of false positive results. 38% of all patients tested were suspected of EM, although this is not a recommended indication due to a low sensitivity of serological testing.

26 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an analytical procedure for the determination of Se, as well as of other trace elements of clinical interest, in undiluted blood serum samples is presented, which allows the on-line wet ashing of the sample, the hydride generation and determination of the SeH2 formed in one step.
Abstract: An analytical procedure for the determination of Se, as well as of other trace elements of clinical interest, in undiluted blood serum samples is presented. This procedure allows the on-line wet ashing of the sample, the hydride generation and the determination of the SeH2 formed in one step. For this purpose, carrier solution and the injected sample (300 μl) were merged with an acid stream (80% H2SO4, 12% HClO4, 8% HNO3) and passed through a reaction coil heated up to 240°C. To increase the dispersion, the wet digestion was carried out in an ultrasonic field. After trapping of the gas bubbles, 5 mol/l HCl and 0.053 mol/l NaBH4 solutions were added via T-junctions for Se-hydride generation. The nebulizing system of the ICP-OES was used as gas/liquid separator. The hydride was swept from the spray chamber into the plasma by an argon gas flow with droplets containing other sample constituents. This allows the simultaneous determination of other trace elements of clinical interest, for example Fe, Cu and Zn. The relative detection limit for Se in blood serum was 5 μg/l. The quality of the developed procedure was verified in two ways: by measuring SRM Seronorm 116 and by comparing the results for different serum samples with the results obtained with ETAAS. Our results were in good agreement in both cases.

26 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Exposure assessments demonstrate that the leaders of SLI have reason to be concerned about the health of people due to the presence of carcinogenic chemicals as measured in biomonitoring and environmental samples and important traditional foods.
Abstract: Objectives . This article synthesizes discussion of collaborative research results, interventions and policy engagement for St Lawrence Island (SLI), Alaska, during the years 20002012. Methods. As part of on-going community-based participatory research (CBPR) studies on SLI, 5 discrete exposure-assessment projects were conducted: (a) a biomonitoring study of human blood serum; (bd) 3 investigations of levels of contaminants in environmental media at an abandoned military site at Northeast Cape using sediment cores and plants, semi-permeable membrane devices and blackfish, respectively; and (e) a study of traditional foods. Results. Blood serum in residents of SLI showed elevated levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) with higher levels among those exposed to the military site at Northeast Cape, an important traditional subsistence-use area. Environmental studies at the military site demonstrated that the site is a continuing source of PCBs to a major watershed, and that clean-up operations at the military site generated PCBcontaminated dust on plants in the region. Important traditional foods eaten by the people of SLI showed elevated concentrations of PCBs, which are primarily derived from the long-range transport of persistent pollutants that are transported by atmospheric and marine currents from more southerly latitudes to the north. Interventions. An important task for all CBPR projects is to conduct intervention strategies as needed in response to research results. Because of the findings of the CBPR projects on SLI, the CBPR team and the people of the Island are actively engaging in interventions to ensure cleanup of the formerly used military sites; reform chemicals policy on a national level; and eliminate persistent pollutants internationally. The goal is to make the Island and other northern/Arctic communities safe for themselves and future generations. Conclusions. As part of the CBPR projects conducted from 2000 to 2012, a series of exposure assessments demonstrate that the leaders of SLI have reason to be concerned about the health of people due to the presence of carcinogenic chemicals as measured in biomonitoring and environmental samples and important traditional foods. Keywords: community-based participatory research; Yupik; persistent organic pollutants; polychlorinated biphenyls; environmental health; military toxics (Published: 5 August 2013) This paper is part of Supplement 1, 2013, ICCH15 Proceedings . More papers from this Supplement can be found here . Citation: Int J Circumpolar Health 2013, 72 : 21656 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/ijch.v72i0.21656

26 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is probably not feasible to use saliva as a replacement for blood for the measurement of AChE levels because of the much lower levels of A cholinesterase in saliva relative to erythrocytes, the weak correlation between the two measurements and the previously reported high intra-individual variation of salivary A ChE.
Abstract: BACKGROUND Workers exposed to organophosphate (OP) pesticides are required to undergo periodic statutory medical surveillance in several countries. AIM To study the relationship between serum, erythrocyte and saliva acetylcholinesterase (AChE) levels and to explore the use of salivary AChE as potential biomarker for OP exposure. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on 19 healthy adult male lead-exposed workers who were undergoing six monthly statutory medical examination. Passive drool saliva samples were collected from each worker. Each blood sample was tested for serum and erythrocyte AChE, and each saliva sample was tested for AChE. RESULTS Among the 19 subjects, the mean (+/-standard deviation) of salivary, erythrocyte and serum AChE/cholinesterase were 22.7 (+/-17.4), 17171 (+/-1467), 8861 (+/-1876) U/l, respectively. There was a moderate correlation between salivary and erythrocyte AChE (r = 0.42, P = 0.071), but not salivary and serum AChE (r = -0.17, P = 0.48). The level of AChE in saliva was approximately 1820 times lower than AChE in erythrocytes. CONCLUSION It is probably not feasible to use saliva as a replacement for blood for the measurement of AChE levels. This is because of the much lower levels of AChE in saliva relative to erythrocytes, the weak correlation between the two measurements and the previously reported high intra-individual variation of salivary AChE.

26 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20233
202225
2021953
20201,268
20191,757
20181,644