Bone Marrow-Derived Cell

About: Bone Marrow-Derived Cell is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 84 publications have been published within this topic receiving 2421 citations.

One-step Bone Marrow-derived Cell Transplantation in Talar Osteochondral Lesions

Abstract: The ideal treatment of osteochondral lesions is debatable. Although autologous chondrocyte implantation provides pain relief, the need for two operations and high costs has prompted a search for alternatives. Bone marrow-derived cells may represent the future in osteochondral repair. Using a device to concentrate bone marrow-derived cells and collagen powder or hyaluronic acid membrane as scaffolds for cell support and platelet gel, a one-step arthroscopic technique was developed for cartilage repair. We performed an in vitro preclinical study to verify the capability of bone marrow-derived cells to differentiate into chondrogenic and osteogenic lineages and to be supported onto scaffolds. In a prospective clinical study, we investigated the ability of this technique to repair talar osteochondral lesions in 48 patients. Minimum followup was 24 months (mean, 29 months; range, 24–35 months). Clinical results were evaluated using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score and the influence of scaffold type, lesion area, previous surgeries, and lesion depth was considered. MRI and histologic evaluation were performed. The AOFAS score improved from 64.4 ± 14.5 to 91.4 ± 7.7. Histologic evaluation showed regenerated tissue in various degrees of remodeling although none showed entirely hyaline cartilage. These data suggest the one-step technique is an alternative for cartilage repair, permitting improved functional scores and overcoming the drawbacks of previous techniques. Level of Evidence: Level IV, therapeutic study. See Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

Cell surface characterization of the human osteoclast: Phenotypic relationship to other bone marrow-derived cell types

Abstract: Among the differentiated progeny of stem cells transplantable by bone marrow are osteoclasts, the multinucleate cells which are the major agents of bone resorption. Although the osteoclast is well characterized from a structural and functional standpoint, its development and origin are still far from clear. We have used monoclonal antibodies to investigate the interrelationship between osteoclasts and other haemopoietic cells in man. We have analysed the distribution of 19 granulocyte-monocyte antigens in eight reactivity clusters on the non-neoplastic osteoclasts present within nine osteoclastomas (syn. giant cell tumours of bone) and a single example of aneurysmal bone cyst. We found that osteoclasts are antigenically effete, failing to express granulocyte-monocyte, common leucocyte or other haemopoietic determinants; the only monocyte antigens detected on osteoclasts are My-7 and two closely related specificities, MCS.2 and DuHL60.4, which are also expressed by tissues outside the haemopoietic system. Our findings, taken together with recent transplantation studies, cast further doubt on the view that osteoclasts are specialized bone-resorbing macrophage-derived giant cells, and support a hypothesis that they are the end product of fusion of a hitherto unidentified circulating mononuclear cell type, the preosteoclast, which constitutes a cell lineage separate from those originating from the conventional multipotential haemopoietic stem cell, although still of bone marrow origin.