Showing papers on "Brilliant green published in 2008"

Effect of cosubstrates on primary biodegradation of triphenylmethane dyes by Pseudomonas sp.

Abstract: The effect of substrates (glucose, starch, lactose and sucrose) on primary biodegradation (decolourisation) of recalcitrant triphenylmethane dyes Brilliant green and Crystal violet) by Pseudomonas sp was investigated. Biodegradation was enhanced in cultures with substrate supplementation. Glucose and starch were the best among the substrates tested. The percentage decolourisation increased with increasing concentration up to maximum of 0.2mgL-1 for glucose and 0.3mgL-1 for starch. The percentage with glucose was 93.30 ± 1.40% for Brilliant green and 90.20± 0.75% for Crystal violet. With 0.30 mgL-1 of starch the percentage decolourisation was 85.30± 0.180% for Brilliant green and 88.50± 0.90% for Crystal violet. Enhanced biodegradation was attributed to generation of redox equivalent (electron donors) as a result of metabolism of glucose and starch as cosubstrates. Decrease in percentage decolorisation at concentration above the maximum for glucose and starch was attributed to saturation of the binding; sites for redox equivalents to the chromophoric group (of quinone) of the dyes and/or metabolite repression of the peroxidase enzyme that catalyses the reductive cleavage of the chromophoric group. Cassava peeling (an agricultural waste) gave values of percentage decolourisation of 63± 0.8% for Brilliant green and 67.70± 0.60% for Crystal violet. The potential of agricultural wastes to enhance primary biodegradation of recalcitrant synthetic dyes is also revealed in this work. Keywords : Pseudomonas sp., Triphenylmethane dyes, primary biodegradation, cosubstrates AJAZEB Vol. 7 2005: pp. 38-44

The optical properties of triphenylmethane dye molecules and chromogens

Abstract: Industrial dye monomers, including malachite green, crystal violet, brilliant green, and methyl violet, were isolated by extraction with the use of heptane. UV light absorption bands characteristic of pure molecules were determined. The molecules of the dyes studied, which were ion pairs (formed by dye cations and oxalate or chlorine anions), did not absorb light in the visible range; that is, they were not chromogens. The conclusion was drawn that chromogen particles responsible for chromaticity were supramolecular dimers of nonchromogenic triphenylmethane series molecules. This conclusion was substantiated by trends in spectral transformations with the participation of immonium hydroxides obtained from dyes and side products of the synthesis of industrial dyes with quinoid molecular structures.

Optical characterization of sol gel TiO2 monoliths doped with Brilliant Green

Abstract: Amorphous titanium dioxide monoliths doped with brilliant green (BG) were synthesized by the sol-gel process. The optical properties of the monoliths were characterized by Photoacoustic Spectroscopy and Photoluminescence Spectroscopy. The absorption spectra for the BG-doped TiO2 monoliths exhibited two well defined absorption regions: a band below 400 nm corresponding to TiO2 absorption and three absorption bands centered at 424 nm, 588 nm, and 632 nm due to brilliant green. While the undoped TiO2 monoliths showed no luminescence, the doped samples showed a strong luminescence band at 673 nm, which increased its intensity for increasing organic dye doping.

Artificial and natural fiber fabrics with immobilized di-and triaminotriarylmethane reagents in chemical test methods

Abstract: The potentials of fabrics made of artificial and natural fibers as supports for the di-and triaminotriarylmethane reagents were shown for their possible use in chemical test methods. Malachite Green, Brilliant Green, Methyl Violet, Crystal Violet, and Parafuchsine were immobilized on viscose, calico, coarse calico, and a mixed fabric. The reagent retention was 70–90%. The indicator fabrics are resistant to strong acids and alkalies and can be used for the test determination of 0.01–10 mg/L of phosphates, 1–80 mg/L of silicates, 0.01–8 mg/L of dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand for 5 days (BOD5), 0.5–10 mg/L of formaldehyde, and 0.1–10 mg/L of anionic surfactants. The analysis time was 10–15 min. The relative standard deviation did not exceed 30%.

The Application of Densitometry to Evaluate the Visualizing Effects of Salicylanilide using Brilliant Green

Abstract: Salicylanilide was detected on glass plates precoated with a 0.50 mm layer of silica gel 60 F 254 (E.Merck, # 1.05744) and with a 0.25 mm layer of silica gel 60 F 254 (E.Merck, # 1.05715), as well as on aluminum plates precoated with a 0.20 mm layer of silica gel 60 F 254 (E.Merck, # 1.05554), silica gel 60 (E.Merck, # 1.05553), and a mixture of silica gel 60 and kieselguhr F 254 (E.Merck, # 1.05567), with and without the use of brilliant green as a visualizing reagent. Spectrodensitograms of salicylanilide, with and without the use of brilliant green, on the particular chromatographic sorbents were presented. The limit of detection (detectability), detection index, broadening index, modified contrast index, densitometric visualizing index, and linearity range were used to evaluate the visualizing effects of salicylanilide. It was stated that the proposed new parameter within work, namely the densitometric visualizing index, is the objective parameter describing the visualizing effect of detected...

Sorption of Anti-Infective Organic Molecules from Aqueous Solutions onto Zirconium Phosphate

Abstract: Amorphous zirconium phosphate (ZP), an inorganic ion exchange material of tetravalent metal acid (tma) salt, is synthesized by the sol-gel method and characterized by elemental analysis (ICP-AES), thermal analysis (TGA, DSC), FT-IR and X-ray diffraction studies. The resistivity of the material to acids, bases and organic solvents is assessed. The sorption behavior of the dyes acriflavin (AF) and brilliant green (BG) toward ZP was studied at 313, 323 and 333 K and the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters evaluated. Adsorption isotherms [Langmuir and Fruendlich], breakthrough capacity and elution behavior of these dyes are also studied. The sorption affinity of dyes towards ZP is BG > AF.

Synthesis and electronic absorption spectra of some novel methoxy half-analogs of Malachite Green and Brilliant Green

Abstract: In this work, various series of triarylmethane dyes containing one or more terminal methoxy substituent together with a variable tertiary amino group have been synthesized. The effects of electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups have been systematically examined and electron absorption spectra of dyes determined. The absorption bands of the methoxy half-analogues of Malachite Green and Brilliant Green show pronounced hypsochromic shifts together with reduction in intensity owing to the inherent electronic asymmetry of the system. The corresponding dye bases are incompletely ionized in acid solution. Julolidine and Kairoline analogues of these dyes produce further hypsochromic shifts of both visible absorption bands in accordance with enhanced conjugation of the terminally bridged substituents. Crowding substituents at the central carbon atom in the series of methoxy half-analogues produce hypsochromic shifts of the absorption bands owing to the inherent electronic asymmetry; bond order alteration throughout the system ensures that crowding effects are minimized by rotation about essential single bonds.

Isolation and Characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae WL-5 Capable of Decolorizing Triphenylmethane and Azo Dyes

Abstract: A Klebsiella pneumoniae WL-5 with the capability of decolorizing several recalcitrant dyes was isolated from activated sludge of an effluent treatment plant of a textile and dyeing industry This strain showed a higher dye decolorization under static condition and color removal was optimal at pH 6-8 and 30-35℃ More than 90% of its color of Congo Red were reduced within 12 hr at 200 μM dye concentration Malachite Green, Brilliant Green and Reactive Black-5 lost over 85% of their colors at 10 μM dye concentration, but the percentage decolorization of Reactive Red-120, Reactive Orange-16, and Crystal Violet were about 46%, 25%, and 13%, respectively Decolorizations of Congo Red and triphenylmethane dyes, such as Malachite Green, Brilliant Green, and Crystal Violet were mainly due to adsorption to cells, whereas azo dyes, such as Reactive Black-5, Reactive Red-120, and Reactive Orange-16 seemed to be removed by biodegradation through unknown enzymatic processes

Peat humates as alternative to synthetic dispersants in leuco acid process of fabric dyeing with vat dyes

Abstract: The effect of humates isolated from peat on the state in solution of the leuco acid of Vat Brilliant Green C dye was examined spectrophotometrically and compared with the effect of dispersants traditionally used in textile-chemical processes: disodium methylenebis(naphthalenesulfonate) and triethanolamine.