Showing papers on "Brine published in 2020"
TL;DR: In this article, a solar-driven interfacial evaporation-based desalination structure was proposed to achieve localized surface salt precipitation through mediating the horizontal salt concentration gradient within the printed paper-based solar absorber to minimize salt fouling while maintaining heat localization.
101 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a hierarchical porous hydrogel (HPH) is constructed by the complexation of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes into a hierarchically porous hydrogramel, with interpenetrated polyaniline as efficient light absorbers, and the evaporation rate of this HPH-based SVG is 2.79 kg m−2 h−1 in simulated brine.
Abstract: Solar-powered water desalination has been considered as one of the most promising solutions to alleviate clean water scarcity. In concentrated brine, the strong hydration ability of ions increases the required energy for water evaporation and thus lowers the desalination performances of most-existing solar vapor generators (SVGs). Here, a novel SVG is reported that exhibits superior desalination performance in brine than in pure water. This SVG is constructed by the complexation of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes into a hierarchically porous hydrogel (HPH), with interpenetrated polyaniline as efficient light absorbers. With controlled thermal management, the evaporation rate of this HPH-based SVG is 2.79 kg m−2 h−1 in simulated brine (3.5 wt% NaCl solutions) under one sun illumination, 67% higher than that in pure water (1.67 kg m−2 h−1) and more prominent than existing salt-resistant SVGs. Desalination tests with real seawater indicate that HPH is salt-resistant and sustainable for fast freshwater production. All-atom molecular dynamics simulations indicate that the unique interactions between the oppositely charged groups of the polyion complex and the mobile ions in brine can alter the water state, resulting in enhanced hydrability of the polymeric skeleton. This work provides a new approach for the development of next-generation SVGs with enhanced solar desalination performance.
78 citations
TL;DR: Li et al. as mentioned in this paper proposed a liquid-membrane electrodialysis capable of selectively recovering lithium from high Mg/Li ratio brines, which is composed of an ionic liquid system as the Li+ carrier that presents high selectivity toward Li+ and long-term sustainability, and 2 solid cation-exchange membranes to sandwich the carrier.
72 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a novel membrane-based lithium recovery process was proposed by combining membrane distillation (MD) and nanofiltration (NF) to concentrate a brine solution containing lithium and to remove divalent ions.
69 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a self-rotating solar evaporator was proposed to achieve ultra-high salt tolerance (300 g L−1) and energy efficiency (around 90%) simultaneously by periodic self-regeneration.
Abstract: Benefiting from wide solar energy access and high energy conversion efficiency, solar-driven interfacial water evaporation has shown great potential in critical separation processes such as desalination and waste brine treatment. However, salt accumulation on the evaporation surfaces of these evaporators still greatly limits their continuous and efficient operation, particularly in hypersaline brine desalination. Current methods suffer from either low salt tolerance or low energy efficiency. Here we show a novel self-rotating solar evaporator, which achieves ultrahigh salt tolerance (300 g L−1) and energy efficiency (around 90%) simultaneously by periodic self-regeneration. This study advances the development of solar-thermal desalination technologies for practical applications.
62 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors introduced a mathematical model to calculate the minimum energy consumption (MEC) in seawater desalination, but not in brine treatment, and the analysis revealed that the MEC increases by increasing the recovery rate, the feed brine salinity and the purity of the freshwater produced.
61 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an experimental apparatus based on the “static-analytic” method developed and used in previous work for the measurement of gas solubility in brine was used.
61 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a solar multi-effect distillation/thermal vapor compression (SMED-TVC) hybrid system is proposed to desalinate brine (>70 g/L) and to recover freshwater and solid salt of high purity.
Abstract: Desalination plants, besides freshwater, produce brine (hyper-saline by-product) and high greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions. To address both issues, this study introduces a solar multi‐effect distillation/thermal vapor compression (SMED-TVC) hybrid system. The aim of the system is to desalinate brine (>70 g/L) and to recover freshwater and solid salt of high purity. Thus, a techno-economic model was developed to evaluate this hybrid process in two cases. Numerous sensitivity analyses have been carried out showing that the freshwater cost and the payback period decrease with an increase in (i) freshwater production capacity (from 10 m3/day to 50 m3/day) and (ii) plant life time (from 20 years to 35 years). In the second case of both freshwater and pure solid salt (NaCl) recovery, the payback period (3.98–4.47 years) is shorter than the equivalent (4.85–5.45 years) of the first case in which only freshwater is recovered. The profit from the treatment can reach up to US$1.22/m3 in the first case, while in the second case it can reach up to US$5.71/m3. The results showed that the proposed hybrid system could be a viable option for sustainable desalination brine management.
60 citations
TL;DR: In this article, new plant configurations for a small-scale multi-effect distillation system are proposed and analyzed from a thermodynamic and economic point of view, and the proposed solutions with the maximization of the recovery ratio demonstrated to be cost-effective with respect to the base multi effect distillation configuration when thermal energy cost became relevant.
56 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a multi-effect distillation (MED) brine was used as a potential feed source for a membrane distillation system with respect to process performance and membrane scaling.
53 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a less layer graphene gauze modified Ni-rich cathode material LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn 0.2O2 core-shell structure microsphere (rGO/NCM) with shell thickness of 3.
TL;DR: The extraction of lithium from solution is an urgently needed process because of the abundant reserves of lithium in seawater/brine and many disadvantages of the present technologies in... as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Electrochemical extraction of lithium from solution is an urgently needed process because of the abundant reserves of lithium in seawater/brine and many disadvantages of the present technologies in...
TL;DR: In this article, a flow-through-electrodes reactor was developed, with which it was possible to capture lithium from a diluted solution containing 1mM LiCl and 1m NaCl, and concentrate it in a recovery solution.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of ionic components of nanoparticles on the brine/seawater was investigated for successful oil recovery, and the interaction between the nanoparticles and the seawater was analyzed.
Abstract: Understanding the mechanisms behind the interaction between the nanoparticles (NPs) and the brine/seawater is critical for successful oil recovery. In this study, the effect of ionic components of ...
TL;DR: The potential of TSSE as a more sustainable alternative to current thermal evaporation methods for zero liquid discharge of ultrahigh salinity brines is established, highlighting recyclability of the solvent.
Abstract: Zero liquid discharge (ZLD) of hypersaline brines is technically and energetically challenging This study demonstrates ZLD of ultrahigh-salinity brines using temperature swing solvent extraction (TSSE), a membrane-less and nonevaporative desalination technology TSSE utilizes a low-polarity solvent to extract water from brine and then releases the water as a product with the application of low-temperature heat Complete extraction of water from a hypersaline feed, simulated by 50 M NaCl solution (≈292 g/L TDS), was achieved using diisopropylamine solvent Practically all of the salt is precipitated as mineral solid waste and the product water contains <5% of NaCl relative to the hypersaline feed brine Consistent ZLD performance of high salt removals and product water quality was maintained in three repeated semibatch TSSE cycles, highlighting recyclability of the solvent The practical applicability of the technique for actual field samples was demonstrated by ZLD of an irrigation drainage water concentrate This study establishes the potential of TSSE as a more sustainable alternative to current thermal evaporation methods for zero liquid discharge of ultrahigh-salinity brines
TL;DR: In this paper, a time-evolution study of 2-(2-pyridyl) benzimidazole (2PB) as CO2 corrosion inhibitor for API X60 steel under hydrodynamic conditions in a synthetic brine solution has been undertaken.
TL;DR: In this paper, various aspects of smart water such as salt type and concentration, temperature, pressure, and pH on the crude oil-brine-rock (CBR) system are investigated through measuring contact angle (CA) and interfacial tension (IFT), followed by elaborating all governing mechanisms in this regard.
TL;DR: In this article, a sandwiched liquid-membrane electrodialysis system was proposed to realize the selective extraction of lithium from salt-lake brines with high Mg/Li mass ratio.
TL;DR: Theoretical study on the energetic and exergetic performances of a counter-flow corrugated plate heat exchanger using hybrid nanofluids for the milk chilling application has been done in this article.
Abstract: Theoretical study on the energetic and exergetic performances of a counter-flow corrugated plate heat exchanger using hybrid nanofluids for the milk chilling application has been done in th...
TL;DR: In this study, fractional-submerged membrane distillation crystallizer (F-SMDC) was used to recover sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) from SWRO brine and supersaturation was created in the reactor through the addition of the following three components: Na2SO 4, MgSO4 and (NH4) 2SO4.
TL;DR: A novel integrated approach was investigated by combining nanofiltration (NF), membrane distillation (MD) and precipitation processes for lithium recovery from salt-lake brines, and X-ray diffraction confirmed the precipitation of lithium as well as the formation of lithium carbonate crystals.
TL;DR: The results have demonstrated the simultaneous electrochemical nitrate removal and resource recovery from a complex water like a RO brine and provided new information such as byproduct management and electrode deterioration.
TL;DR: In this article, a continuous operated flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI) system was proposed for the treatment of salt brines. But the economic feasibility of the proposed system was not investigated.
TL;DR: In this paper, the freezing process of NaCl solutions using a combination of X-ray diffraction and molecular dynamics simulations (MD) for different saltwater concentrations, ranging from seawater conditions to saturation, is investigated.
Abstract: Studying the freezing of saltwater on a molecular level is of fundamental importance for improving freeze desalination techniques. In this study, we investigate the freezing process of NaCl solutions using a combination of X-ray diffraction and molecular dynamics simulations (MD) for different salt-water concentrations, ranging from seawater conditions to saturation. A linear superposition model reproduces well the brine rejection due to hexagonal ice Ih formation and allows us to quantify the fraction of ice and brine. Furthermore, upon cooling at T = 233 K, we observe the formation of NaCl·2H2O hydrates (hydrohalites), which coexist with ice Ih. MD simulations are utilized to model the formation of NaCl crystal hydrates. From the simulations, we estimate that the salinity of the newly produced ice is 0.5% mass percent (m/m) due to ion inclusions, which is within the salinity limits of fresh water. In addition, we show the effect of ions on the local ice structure using the tetrahedrality parameter and follow the crystallite formation using the ion coordination parameter and cluster analysis.
TL;DR: In this article, a column adsorption performance was improved with the increasing of bed height and the decreasing of the initial lithium concentration, feed flow rate, and the Homogeneous Surface Diffusion Model (HSDM) with concentration-dependent surface diffusion coefficient.
TL;DR: The results show that wetting is prevented by pre-treating the brine with foam fractionation, and this will help implement MD as a treatment process for desalination brines in municipal wastewater reuse systems.
TL;DR: Here the Pitzer thermodynamic model with effective molality is applied to estimate activity coefficients for 8 different native brines, and for the resulting concentrated solutions produced by a hypothetical advanced desalinization technique, which envision the use of desalination processes for the concentration of lithium-rich brines.
TL;DR: In this paper, the energy, exergy, exergoeconomic, and exerogoenvironmental assessment of three advanced brine recycle humidification-dehumidification systems for zero liquid discharge operation are comprehensively investigated.
TL;DR: In this article, the suitability of supercritical water desalination (SCWD) as zero liquid discharge (ZLD) technology was evaluated with a two-stage brine treatment process.