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Brine

About: Brine is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6542 publications have been published within this topic receiving 76741 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of salinity on the alteration of wettability from waterwetting to intermediate gas-wetting is studied, and it is shown that NaCl salinity increases water wetting when a core is saturated with brine.
Abstract: Summary The effect of salinity on the alteration of wettability from waterwetting to intermediate gas-wetting is studied in this work. We find that NaCl salinity increases water-wetting when a core is saturated with brine. NaCl also reduces gas absolute permeability, as reported in the literature. CaCl2 salinity effect is dramatically different from that of NaCl brine and has a minor effect on permeability. The NaCl, KCl, and CaCl2 brines have an adverse effect on wettability alteration. To alleviate the effect of salt on chemical treatment, we suggest pretreatment by displacement of brine with water and subsequent drainage by nitrogen.

42 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The use of brine as a solvent resulted in the formation of hydroxy sodalite zeolite although unconverted mullite and hematite from the fly ash feedstock was also found in the synthesis product.
Abstract: The effect of using industrial waste brine solution instead of ultra pure water was investigated during the synthesis of zeolites using three South African coal fly ashes as Si feedstock. The high halide brine was obtained from the retentate effluent of a reverse osmosis mine water treatment plant. Synthesis conditions applied were; ageing of fly ash was at 47 ° C for 48 hours, and while the hydrothermal treatment temperature was set at 140 ° C for 48 hours. The use of brine as a solvent resulted in the formation of hydroxy sodalite zeolite although unconverted mullite and hematite from the fly ash feedstock was also found in the synthesis product.

42 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) was used for the first time to obtain well-resolved images, in both temporal and spatial dimensions, of lab-prepared frost flowers (FFs) under evaporation within the chamber temperature range from −5 to −18°C and pressures above 500 Pa.
Abstract: . An environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) was used for the first time to obtain well-resolved images, in both temporal and spatial dimensions, of lab-prepared frost flowers (FFs) under evaporation within the chamber temperature range from −5 to −18 °C and pressures above 500 Pa. Our scanning shows temperature-dependent NaCl speciation: the brine covering the ice was observed at all conditions, whereas the NaCl crystals were formed at temperatures below −10 °C as the brine oversaturation was achieved. Finger-like ice structures covered by the brine, with a diameter of several micrometres and length of tens to 100 µm, are exposed to the ambient air. The brine-covered fingers are highly flexible and cohesive. The exposure of the liquid brine on the micrometric fingers indicates a significant increase in the brine surface area compared to that of the flat ice surface at high temperatures; the NaCl crystals formed can become sites of heterogeneous reactivity at lower temperatures. There is no evidence that, without external forces, salty FFs could automatically fall apart to create a number of sub-particles at the scale of micrometres as the exposed brine fingers seem cohesive and hard to break in the middle. The fingers tend to combine together to form large spheres and then join back to the mother body, eventually forming a large chunk of salt after complete dehydration. The present microscopic observation rationalizes several previously unexplained observations, namely, that FFs are not a direct source of sea-salt aerosols and that saline ice crystals under evaporation could accelerate the heterogeneous reactions of bromine liberation.

42 citations

Patent
02 Apr 1991
TL;DR: Magnesium oxychloride cement compositions, products, and uses thereof, are provided by mixing magnesium oxide, a magnesium chloride solution, and aggregate particles as mentioned in this paper, which is adapted for use in repairing damaged concrete surfaces, casting both functional and decorative forms, and coating surfaces with stucco.
Abstract: Magnesium oxychloride cement compositions, products, and uses thereof, are provided by mixing magnesium oxide, a magnesium chloride solution, and aggregate particles. The cement compositions are adapted for use in repairing damaged concrete surfaces, casting both functional and decorative forms, and coating surfaces with stucco. The addition of a small amount of acid to the cement composition promotes a more complete cementing reaction. The resulting cement product exhibits substantially increased strength and water resistance. Brine from the Great Salt Lake is a preferable source of the magnesium chloride solution. Brine from the Great Salt Lake results in a cement composition substantially stronger than cement produced from a pure magnesium chloride solution. Use of the Great Salt Lake brine as the gauging solution in lieu of a gauging solution made from magnesium chloride flakes (hexahydrate) reduces manufacturing costs of magnesium oxychloride cement products.

41 citations


Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023606
20221,209
2021197
2020256
2019351
2018377