Topic
Brine
About: Brine is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6542 publications have been published within this topic receiving 76741 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
16 Apr 2012
39 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a model for the precipitation and redissolution of surfactants in brine is presented, which is described by the solubility product of the precipitate when proper accounts have been made for the surfactant monomer and counterion activities.
39 citations
Patent•
28 Mar 1986
TL;DR: In this paper, a process for producing unique and novel sulfonate-containing terpolymers of water soluble monomers with water insoluble monomers which are efficient viscosifiers of aqueous and brine media is described.
Abstract: A process is described for producing unique and novel sulfonate-containing terpolymers of water soluble monomers with water insoluble monomers which are efficient viscosifiers of aqueous and brine media. The process relies on the complete solubilization of the water insoluble monomer by means of a dilute solution of a suitable water soluble surfactant. The type and concentration of surfactant are chosen to produce a clear, uniform, homogeneous aqueous dispersion of the hydrophobic monomers in the presence of both nonionic and anionic water soluble monomers, and, in addition, the reaction medium remains a clear, uniform, homogeneous mixture with no phase separation as the reaction proceeds to completion. Thus, the terpolymerization is effected without the formation of latexes or fine particulates of water insoluble polymer. The terpolymers, which may be isolated from the reaction mixture, provide efficient viscosification of water or brine solutions. The anionic sulfonate groups improve polymer solubility in water and brine, particularly in the presence of salts containing divalent cations, and impart some chain stiffness due to charge repulsion, particularly in water containing low electrolyte concentration. The hydrophobic N-alkylacrylamide groups associate in solution to create a structure with an apparent increase in molecular weight, resulting in enhanced thickening efficiency.
39 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors determined that carbon dioxide and oxygen penetrates the ice through intercrystalline brine films rather than through the ice crystals, and concluded that the gas penetration through the brine film was through inter-brine films and not through ice crystals.
Abstract: The permeation rate of carbon dioxide and oxygen through ice has been determined at several temperatures. At −9.5° C the carbon dioxide permeation constant was found to be 0.7 times 10 −11 cm 2 sec −1 atm −1 , which is about two million times less than in water. The permeation increased hyperbolically towards 0°C. No permeation of oxygen through the ice could be detected. It is concluded that the gas penetrates the ice through intercrystalline brine films rather than through the ice crystals. DOI: 10.1111/j.2153-3490.1959.tb00041.x
39 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the authors highlight the recent developments in this field starting from the significance of extracting Li from brine followed by discussing recent advancements in the various non-evaporative technologies proposed in the literature.
39 citations