Brine

About: Brine is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6542 publications have been published within this topic receiving 76741 citations.

Photooxidizing organic contaminants in aqueous brine solutions

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a novel, relatively fast method for reducing the concentration of water soluble carboxylic contaminants, (e.g., acetate ion, acetic acid, or salts thereof) in chloride containing brines. The method comprises contacting the brine stream with chlorine and ultraviolet light and controlling the pH of the brine.

Low Adsorption of Magnetite Nanoparticles with Uniform Polyelectrolyte Coatings in Concentrated Brine on Model Silica and Sandstone

Abstract: In subsurface imaging and oil recovery where temperatures and salinities are high, it is challenging to design polymer-coated nanoparticles with low retention (high mobility) in porous rock. Herein, the grafting of poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid-co-acrylic acid) (poly(AMPS-co-AA)) on magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles was sufficiently uniform to achieve low adsorption on model colloidal silica and crushed Berea sandstone in highly concentrated API brine (8% NaCl and 2% CaCl2 by weight). The polymer shell was grafted via amide bonds to an aminosilica layer, which was grown on silica-coated magnetite nanoparticles. The particles were found to be stable against aggregation in American Petroleum Institute (API) brine at 90 °C for 24 h. For IO nanoparticles with ∼23% polymer content, Langmuir adsorption capacities on colloidal silica and crushed Berea Sandstone in batch experiments were extremely low at only 0.07 and 0.09 mg of IO/m2, respectively. Furthermore, upon injection of a 2.5 mg/mL I...

Modified non-polluting liquid phase shale swelling inhibition drilling fluid

Abstract: The present invention provides a modified liquid phase drilling fluid having desirable properties of shale swelling inhibition, lubrication, and high temperature performance. The fluid does not rely on the incorporation of inorganic salts or high molecular weight water soluble polymers for control of shale swelling or shale disintegration and exhibits performance characteristics, approaching those of oil base drilling fluids, without the objectionable properties of hydrocarbon oils or its potential hazardous impact on the environment. The fluid is comprised of the following: (1) a liquid phase containing: (a) a water phase comprising fresh water, seawater, brine, simulated brine, or mixtures thereof; and (b) a water-soluble component selected from the class consisting of polyhydric alcohols, glycol, glycol ethers, polypropylene glycols, polyethylene glycols, ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymers ("EO-PO"), alcohol-initiated EO-PO copolymers and/or mixtures thereof, the ratio of said water-soluble component in the total liquid phase being from about 5% to about 50% by volume; (2) a viscosifier for suspension of solids in said liquid phase; and (3) a filtration control agent. The fluid with the water soluble component will exhibit a lubricity coefficient lower than that for substantially the same fluid without the water soluble component as determined by the American Petroleum Institute's "Procedure for Determination of Lubricity Coefficient (Tentative)" (1980), and the linear swelling on a reconstituted "gumbo" shale inserted for about 60 minutes of said drilling fluid being from lower than that for substantially the same fluid without the water soluble component, as measured by the "Swelling Test", "Rigsite Shale Evaluation Techniques for Control of Shale-related Wellbore Instability Problems", SPE/IADC Paper No. 16054, pages 52-53, (1987).

Molecular Dynamics Characterizations of the Supercritical CO2–Mediated Hexane–Brine Interface

Abstract: In the carbon dioxide (CO2) enhanced oil recovery (EOR) process and subsequent geological CO2 sequestration, a ternary system consisting of CO2, crude oil, and brine exists in the reservoir due to the common practice of injecting CO2 together with brine. In this paper, we carried out molecular dynamics simulations to study the interfacial properties of the ternary CO2, hexane, and 1.52 mol/L sodium chloride (NaCl) solution system under 330 K and 20 MPa with different CO2 compositions at the supercritical state, which are very important for the efficiency of the EOR and CO2 sequestration processes. We observed that CO2 mixes well with hexane and a clear interface separates the CO2–hexane mixture with the NaCl solution. The interfacial roughness increases with the CO2 composition, indicating deeper molecular penetrations and shorter capillary wavelengths, which leads to the reduced interfacial tension. Interestingly, the surface excess of CO2 reaches maximum at a CO2 molar fraction of 62.5% (or a weight fra...

Trace Element Composition of Red Sea Geothermal Brine and Interstitial Water

Abstract: Analytical data are presented for concentration of Na, K, Ca, Mg, Li, Sr, Mn, Fe, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd, Co and Ni in the brine of Atlantis II and Discovery Deeps and also the interstitial water. Enrichment of alkali metals, Ca, Mn, Fe, Pb, Cu and Zn was found in the brine, and Mg was depleted relative to sea water. All metals were enriched in the interstitial water, with the exception of Mg and Fe. The base metals are much more enriched in the interstitial water than the brine.