Brine

About: Brine is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6542 publications have been published within this topic receiving 76741 citations.

Recovery of Rubidium and Cesium Resources from Brine of Desalination through t-BAMBP Extraction

Abstract: 50 billion cubic meters of brine every year creates ecological hazards to the environment. In order to reuse brine efficiently, rubidium and cesium were recovered in this experiment. On the other hand, the main impurities which were needed to be eliminated in brine were lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium. In the procedure, seawater was distilled and evaporated first to turn into simulated brine. Perchloric acid was then added into simulated brine to precipitate potassium perchlorate which could reduce the influence of potassium in the extraction procedure. After that, t-BAMBP and ammonia were separately used as extractant and stripping agent in the extraction and stripping procedures to get rubidium hydroxide solutions and cesium hydroxide solutions. Subsequently, they reacted with ammonium carbonate to get rubidium carbonate and cesium carbonate. In a nutshell, this study shows the optimal parameters of pH value to precipitate potassium perchlorate. Besides, pH value in the system, the concentration of t-BAMBP and ammonia, organic phase/aqueous phase ratio (O/A ratio), reaction time, and reaction temperature in solvent extraction step were investigated to get high purities of rubidium carbonate and cesium carbonate.

Washing machine with electrochemical cell

Abstract: A laundry washing machine includes a washing tube, a water supply an a decalcifier for receiving water from the water supply and for discharging softened water. A metering tank is at an upper position in the machine to receive softened water from the decalcifier. A brine tank at a lower position in the machine receives softened water from the metering tank and generates brine. An electrochemical cell is provided to generate chlorine gas. Valves are provided to selectively pass brine from the brine tank to the electrochemical cell or to the decalcifier. Chlorine gas generated in the cell is absorbed and then passed to the washing tube.

Method and system for generating hypochlorite

Abstract: In a method for producing sodium hypochlorite, brine solution is piped from the brine tank to a first inlet in a first electrolyzer cell of an electrolyzer assembly while simultaneously piping chilled water from a chiller having a temperature range from about 10 °C to about 25 °C to the first inlet so that the brine solution combines with the chilled water. The chilled brine solution is electrolyzed in the first electrolyzer cell. The hypochlorite and brine solution resulting from electrolysis occurring in the first cell is piped to a second inlet in a second electrolyzer cell in the electrolyzer assembly while simultaneously piping chilled water from the chiller having a temperature range from about 10 °C to about 25 °C to the second inlet so that the chilled water combines with the hypochlorite and brine solution. The chilled hypochlorite and brine solution are electrolyzed in the second cell. The process is repeated until the hypochlorite and brine solution passes through all cells of the electrolyzer assembly.

Chemical Separation Process for Highly Saline Water. 1. Parametric Experimental Investigation

Abstract: The separation of highly saline waters under various conditions is carried out using a nonconventional partial-desalting process. The method utilizes a series of chemical reactions involving the conversion of sodium chloride, the major constituent in saline waters, into sodium bicarbonate, which precipitates under the experimental conditions, and ammonium chloride, which can be separated by crystallization. Experiments of absorption of carbon dioxide in an ammoniated brine have demonstrated the efficiency of the method. Interpretations using conversion parameters such as temperature, initial concentrations of ammonia, sodium chloride, and the ratio of NH3/NaCl are discussed.