Brine

About: Brine is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6542 publications have been published within this topic receiving 76741 citations.

The Brine Zone in the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica

Abstract: : Observations of a 44-m-high brine step in the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica, show that it has migrated about 12 km in 4 years The present brine wave is overriding an older brine-soaked layer This migration is proof of the dynamic nature of the step, which is the leading edge of a brine wave that originated at the shelf edge after a major break-out of the McMurdo Ice Shelf The inland boundary of brine penetration is characterized by a series of descending steps that are believed to represent terminal positions of separate intrusions of brine of similar origin The inland boundary of brine percolation is probably controlled largely by the depth at which brine encounters the firn/ ice transition (43 m) However, this boundary is not fixed by permeability considerations alone, since measurable movement of brine is still occurring at the inland boundary Freeze-fractionation of the seawater as it migrates throught the ice shelf preferentially precipitates virtually all sodium sulfate, and concomitant removal of water by freezing in the pore spaces of the infiltrated firm produces residual brines approximately six times more concentrated than the original seawater

Anisotropic Evaporator with a T-Shape Design for High-Performance Solar-Driven Zero-Liquid Discharge.

Abstract: Solar-driven evaporation is regarded as a sustainable wastewater treatment strategy for clean water recovery and salt condensation. However, achieving both high evaporation rate and long-term stability remain challenging due to poor thermal management and rapid salt accumulation and blocking. Here, a T-shape solar-driven evaporator, composed of a surface-carbonized longitudinal wood membrane (C-L-wood) is demonstrated as the top "" for solar harvesting/vapor generation/salt collection and another piece of natural L-wood as the support "" for brine transporting and thermally insulating. The horizontally aligned micro-channels of C-L-wood have a low perpendicular thermal conductivity and can effectively localize the thermal energy for rapid evaporation. Meanwhile, the brine is guided to transport from the support L-wood ("") to the centerline of the top evaporator and then toward the double edge (""), during which clean water is evaporated and salt is crystallized at the edge. The T-shape evaporator demonstrates a high evaporation rate of 2.43 kg m-2 h-1 under 1 sun irradiation, and is stable for 7 days of the outdoor operation, which simultaneously realizes clean water evaporation and salt collection (including Cu2+ , CrO42- , Co2+ ), and achieves zero-liquid discharge. Therefore, the T-shape design provides an effective strategy for high performance wastewater treatment.

A process for recovering lithium from a brine

Abstract: There is disclosed herein a process for recovering lithium from an impure natural or industrial brine, the process comprising adjusting the pH of a feed brine containing lithium to a value of no less than 11.3 and separating the waste solids and a solution containing lithium values. The solution may be further concentrated and treated to obtain lithium carbonate and a lithium chloride solution suitable for obtaining electrolytic grade lithium chloride.

Distribution of brine in grain boundaries during static recrystallization in wet, synthetic halite: insight from Broad Ion Beam sectioning and SEM observation at cryogenic temperature

Abstract: We report observations from room temperature static recrystallization experiments (annealing times from minutes to year) of cold-pressed, synthetic, coarse-grained, wet sodium chloride, prepared by broad ion beam polishing and SEM observations at cryogenic temperature to observe directly the brine in grain boundaries. At all stages of annealing, the majority of the brine in the samples is connected in 2D sections along grain boundaries. Another part of the brine is in isolated brine inclusion arrays along grain boundaries and in brine inclusions left behind by migrating brine-filled grain boundaries. Most of these boundaries are mobile because the aggregate is coarsening. We interpret that the boundaries without observable brine films (\15 nm) and brine inclusion arrays are healed and immobile. Evolution of grain boundary structure involves three major processes. First, dissolution on one side of the grain boundary and precipitation on the other side, result- ing in grain boundary migration. Second, the development of facets formed by low-index crystallographic planes of the grains bounding the grain boundary brine. When both sides of a grain boundary are able to develop low-index facets in a thick brine film, the resulting impingement boundary is interpreted to be immobile and may prevent the new grain from migrating into a deformed neighbor. When one side of a faceted boundary consists of low-index crystallographic planes and the other side passively follows this faceted shape along irrational surfaces, the boundary is mobile. Third, the healing of grain boundary brine films, producing solid-solid grain boundaries without resolvable brine films.