Topic
Brine
About: Brine is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6542 publications have been published within this topic receiving 76741 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, a large horizontal tube falling film evaporator with different operating conditions was investigated with numerical simulation based on the distributed parameter model (DPM) and the results showed that the heat transfer coefficient has higher values for the evaporating zone than the preheating zone.
24 citations
TL;DR: A case study for inhibition of metal silicate scaling using formic acid, harvesting more energy in particular case of Tuzla Geothermal Field (TGF), located on Biga Peninsula, in the northwestern of Turkey as discussed by the authors.
24 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a molecular dynamics simulation method was used to investigate the effects of brine salinity and ion type on wettability of CO2/brine/mineral systems at 20 MPa and 318.15 K.
Abstract: Deep saline aquifers are considered as perfect storage sites to sequestrate CO2. Interfacial tensions (IFTs) and contact angles (CAs) are key parameters in the heat and mass transfer processes for CO2/brine/mineral systems in porous media. In the present study, a molecular dynamics simulation method was used to investigate the effects of brine salinity and ion type on wettability of CO2/brine/mineral systems at 20 MPa and 318.15 K. Four common brines were selected as NaCl, KCl, CaCl2, and MgCl2. Interfacial tensions, water contact angles, and hydrogen bond structure and dynamics have been analyzed. The effects of brine salinity and ion type on water contact angles were found to be very complicated. For MgCl2 and NaCl solutions, the contact angle increases with salinity. For CaCl2 and KCl solutions, contact angle first increases and then remains constant with salinity. The product of IFT(CO2–brine) and the cosine of CA was found to be constant for all brine solutions studied. In the context of large uncert...
24 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of these factors on the stability of nanoparticle dispersions through several methods such as direct observation, optical absorption measurement, and nanoparticle effective diameter in different periods of time was studied.
Abstract: Nanotechnology has various applications in oil and gas industry such as enhanced oil recovery (EOR). The main challenge in using nanoparticles in EOR processes is their stability in harsh conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, and intermediate to high salinity. However, most of the recent experimental works have been performed under unrealistic conditions such as the use of distilled water as the injected fluid and room temperature. The main objective of this work is to study the effect of these factors on the stability of nanoparticle dispersions through several methods such as direct observation, optical absorption measurement, and nanoparticle effective diameter in different periods of time. The critical salt concentration (CSC) was determined for two kinds of monovalent electrolytes in various particle concentrations and temperatures. The results have shown that CSC for potassium chloride (KCl) is less than sodium chloride (NaCl) and it decreases as nanoparticle concentration and temperature increase. Moreover, the influence of two types of surfactants on the stability of silica dispersions was studied and the results revealed that an anionic surfactant increases the CSC, while a nonionic surfactant leads to the instability of dispersion even at low electrolyte concentrations.
24 citations
01 Jan 1958
TL;DR: The fresh water group includes those waters containing a maximum of approximately three times the sodium chloride content generally accepted as the limit for drinking water as mentioned in this paper, and the brackish water and salty water are placed at approximately one-third of the sodium content of sea water.
Abstract: The fresh-water group includes those waters containing a maximum of ap proximately three times the sodium chloride content generally accepted as the limit for drinking water. The division between brackish water and salty water is placed at approximately one-third of the sodium chloride content of sea water. The division between salty water and brine is approximately three times the sodium chloride content of sea water or one-third of the salt content of a satu rated solution of sodium chloride at normal temperature and pressure. For some purposes it may be desirable further to divide the fresh-water group. In that case the logarithmic breakdown here proposed should, if practical, be continued.
24 citations