Brine

About: Brine is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6542 publications have been published within this topic receiving 76741 citations.

Process and plant for multi-stage flash desalination of water

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the desalination of salt water and to plant suitable for operating such a process. The process comprises: providing a brine heater; providing at least one desalination zone comprising a condenser and means for collecting condensate from the condenser; providing a heat exchanger; supplying a feed stream comprising salt water as a coolant to the condenser to pre-heat the feed stream; supplying the pre-heated feed stream to the brine heater; supplying a first heating stream comprising steam to the brine heater further to heat the pre-heated feed stream; supplying the heated feed stream from the brine heater to the at least one desalination zone, evaporating at least a portion of the heated feed stream in the desalination zone to provide a evaporate comprising water vapor and condensing the evaporate in the desalination zone.

Janus Fibrous Mats Based Suspended Type Evaporator for Salt Resistant Solar Desalination and Salt Recovery.

Abstract: Solar desalination has been recognized as an emerging strategy for solving the pressing global freshwater crisis. However, salt crystallization at the photothermal interface frequently causes evaporator failure. In addition, arbitrary discharge of concentrated brine produced during desalination results in potential ecological impacts as well as wastage of valuable minerals. In the present work, a suspended-type evaporator (STEs) constructed using Janus fibrous mats is reported. The fibrous structure wicks brine to the evaporation layer and the salt gets confined in the evaporation layer until crystallization for zero liquid discharge due to the suspended design. Enhanced evaporation is observed because STEs have an additional low-resistance vapor escape path directly from the evaporation layer to the atmosphere compared to traditional floating Janus evaporators. Moreover, owing to the drastically different wettability on both sides, the evaporator allows salt crystallization only on the hydrophilic bottom layer, thus eliminating salt accumulation at the hydrophobic photothermal interface. With this unique structural design, the proposed evaporator not only maintains a high evaporation rate of 1.94 kg m-2 h-1 , but also demonstrates zero liquid discharged salt resistance and ideal recovery of the mineral in brine.

Spent brine reclamation

Abstract: A method of reclaiming spent aqueous brine solutions used in the regeneration of water-softening resins is disclosed An aqueous chloride or other brine solution is acidified with HC1 to a pH of between about 05 and 6 and a soluble sulfate salt, preferably Na2SO4 is added, together with a precipitation inhibitor of the type polyacrylamide Following such treatment, the spent brine is pumped at high pressure axially through a spirally-wound nanofiltration-type membrane device which is effective to remove at least about 90 % of the divalent hardness while allowing passage therethrough of at least about 90 % of the monovalent cations As a result of such treatment, about 90 to 95 % of the volume of spent brine can be efficiently and effectively reclaimed in a form in which it is suitable for use again in regenerating water-softening resins or the like