Topic
Brine
About: Brine is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6542 publications have been published within this topic receiving 76741 citations.
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TL;DR: The rock salt melting point is obtained by both the standard and adiabatic simulations in the slab geometry with attention paid to finite size effects as well as to a possible influence of facets with higher Miller indices and applied stress.
Abstract: Saturated concentration of rock salt in water is determined by a simulation of brine in contact with a crystal in the slab geometry. The NaCl crystals are rotated to expose facets with higher Miller indices than [001] to brine. The rock salt melting point is obtained by both the standard and adiabatic simulations in the slab geometry with attention paid to finite size effects as well as to a possible influence of facets with higher Miller indices and applied stress. Two force fields are used, the Lennard-Jones-based model by Young and Cheatham with SPC/E water and the Kiss and Baranyai polarizable model with BK3 water. The latter model is refitted to thermomechanical properties of crystal NaCl leading to better values of solubility and the melting point.
48 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a static layer crystallizer for freezing desalination of sea water was developed, which consists in a tube immerged in a cylindrical double jacketed tank cooled by means of a second thermostatic bath.
Abstract: This work aims in developing a static layer crystallizer for freezing desalination of sea water. The experiments were performed with a simple system of H2O-NaCl and with samples of sea water from Rabat. The pilot crystallizer consists in a tube cooled bymeans of a thermostatic bath. The tube is immerged in a cylindrical double jacketed tank cooled by means of a second thermostatic bath. The brine is poured into the tank and the crystallization takes place on the external surface of the tube. The global process is divided into 4 steps: (i) crystallization of the ice layer by controlling the cooling rate in the tube (ii) draining off the concentrated brine (iii) purification of the layer by sweating and (iv) melting of the ice to recover the fresh water. A parametric study of the effect of the operating parameters has allowed us to quantify the role of the different key parameters of the crystallization step. Within the studied domain, the purity of the crystalline layer was mainly affected by the initial s...
48 citations
TL;DR: This PANI/Lix Mn2 O4 cell could simultaneously extract LiCl from a simulated brine with a high average current efficiency of 95 %, an energy consumption of 3.95 W h molLiCl -1, and a strong cycle ability with 70.8 % capacity retention over 200 cycles.
Abstract: Conventional lithium extraction processes are inefficient or inadaptable for application in salt-lake brines with high Mg/Li ratios of ≥6. A new electrochemical cell, polyaniline (PANI)/Lix Mn2 O4 , was proposed to solve this problem for selective recovery of Li+ ions from brine water with high impurity cations (K+ , Na+ , Mg2+ , etc). Benefiting from the unique selectivity of spinel Lix Mn2 O4 for Li+ insertion and the high capacity of the PANI polymer for Cl- doping, this PANI/Lix Mn2 O4 cell could simultaneously extract LiCl from a simulated brine with a high average current efficiency of 95 %, an energy consumption of 3.95 W h molLiCl -1 , and a strong cycle ability with 70.8 % capacity retention over 200 cycles. In particular, this method avoids the use of additional chemicals, offering a highly efficient, pollution-free technology for Li+ extraction from brine waters.
48 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a hybrid system that integrates a multi-stage vacuum membrane distillation (MVMD) with pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO) is introduced, which employs a recycling flow scheme (MVDM-R) for continuous production of both distillate water and highly concentrated brine.
47 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the principal unit operations of a two-stage eutectic freezing process were studied in terms of crystallization, separation, and washing of brine volume.
47 citations