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Brine
About: Brine is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6542 publications have been published within this topic receiving 76741 citations.
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TL;DR: Calculations suggest that about 0.346 cubic kilometers of water having a minimum temperature of 104�C has been added over the last 52 months, which indicates a relatively local source for the brine, rather than the Strait of Bab el Mandeb, as previously suggested.
Abstract: A return expedition to the hot brine area of the Red Sea in 1971 found that the temperature of the brine had increased, indicating that the process that formed the underlying deposits rich in heavy metals is still occurring. About 0.346 cubic kilometers of water having a minimum temperature of 104 degrees C has been added over the last 52 months. Calculations suggest that this water may have come from a relatively shallow depth; this result coupled with the fact that fracture zones are found north and south of the brine area indicates a relatively local source for the brine, rather than the Strait of Bab el Mandeb, as previously suggested.
44 citations
01 Jan 2006
44 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a modification of present geologic models is proposed to show how brine mixing might work in an evaporite basin, and it is shown that halite and sylvite can precipitate by mixing brines of differing stages of evaporation.
Abstract: Experiments using artificial and seawater brines indicate that halite and sylvite can be precipitated by mixing brines of differing stages of evaporation, in addition to the previously recognized mechanisms of direct evaporative crystallization and crystallization by temperature changes. A modification of present geologic models is proposed to show how brine mixing might work in an evaporite basin. Conclusions based on the experiments and their relations to the geologic model are as follows. (1) Salt can precipitate in a marine evaporite basin by mixing brines of different composition and specific gravity. (2) Precipitation may occur without further water loss by evaporation. (3) Precipitation can take place from brines that were undersaturated before mixing. (4) Brine mi ing would cause the most salt to be deposited in the deepest parts of a basin, although nearly all parts of the basin could receive such deposits. (5) Sylvite could be precipitated as a primary mineral. (6) Hopper crystals (cubic and tabular) can form as a result of brine mixing in water of any depth.
43 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an anionic sulfonate and an amphoteric acetate surfactant were selected to achieve good thermal and chemical stability, and to minimize adsorption to sandstone reservoirs in the harsh high-salinity high-temperature brine.
Abstract: The sweep efficiency of CO2 enhanced oil recovery can be improved by forming viscous CO2-in-water (C/W) foams that increase the viscosity of CO2. The goal of this study is to identify CO2-soluble ionic surfactants that stabilize C/W foams at elevated temperatures up to 120 °C in the presence of a high salinity brine using aqueous phase stability, static and dynamic adsorption, CO2 solubility, interfacial tension, foam bubble size, and foam viscosity measurements. An anionic sulfonate surfactant and an amphoteric acetate surfactant were selected to achieve good thermal and chemical stability, and to minimize adsorption to sandstone reservoirs in the harsh high-salinity high-temperature brine. The strong solvation of the surfactant head by the brine phase and surfactant tail by CO2 allows efficient reduction of the C/W interfacial tension, and the formation of viscous C/W foams at high salinity and high temperature. Furthermore, the effect of temperature and methane dilution of CO2 on foam viscosity was eva...
43 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an orthogonal array was used to examine the effects of four parameters, including NaCl concentration, H2SO4 concentration, temperature and pulp density, on the recovery of Cu, In, Pb and Zn from a hydrometallurgical residue via brine leaching.
43 citations