Topic
Brown rice
About: Brown rice is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8180 publications have been published within this topic receiving 81079 citations.
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TL;DR: Although kernel hardness, amylose content, neonate preference for brown rice, and adult emergence from neonates varied among the three rice varieties tested they did not appear to be valid indicators of eventual progeny production and may not be useful predictors of resistance or susceptibility.
Abstract: Several physical and chemical attributes of rice were evaluated to determine which character would be best to use to assess multiple rice varieties for resistance to the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.). Laboratory tests were conducted on single varieties of long-, short-, and medium grain-rice to develop procedures and methodologies that could be used for large-scale screening studies. Progeny production of R. dominica was positively correlated with the percentage of broken hulls. Although kernel hardness, amylose content, neonate preference for brown rice, and adult emergence from neonates varied among the three rice varieties tested they did not appear to be valid indicators of eventual progeny production, and may not be useful predictors of resistance or susceptibility. Soundness and integrity seem to be the best characters to use for varietal screening studies with R. dominica.
37 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of physicochemical properties on the qualities of puffing rice (puffed yield, expansion volume, expansion ratio and bulk density) using microwaves at a frequency of 2450MHz and power at 800 watts.
Abstract: Ten paddy rice varieties, both waxy and non-waxy paddy rice, which are cultivated in the northern and northeastern region of Thailand, were selected to study the effects of some physicochemical properties on the qualities of puffing rice (puffed yield, expansion volume, expansion ratio and bulk density) using microwaves at a frequency of 2450MHz and power at 800 watts. It was found that the amylose content (range 5.58-21.24%) was strongly negatively correlated with all qualities of puffed rice: puffed yield (r=-0.95**), expansion volume (r=-0.82**), expansion ratio (r=-0.79**) and bulk density (r=-0.78**). The starting time of puffing negatively correlated with puffed yield (r=-0.67*), while tightness of husk (lemma-palea) interlocking, thickness of ventral region layer, husk content, width and length of brown rice were unrelated to puffed rice quality. Amylose content could explain the puffing qualities of puffing rice. The coefficient of determination (R 2 ), for the linear correlation with amylose content with regard to the quality of rice puffing for puffed yield, expansion volume, expansion ratio and bulk density was 0.91, 0.67, 0.62 and 0.61, respectively. Paddy rice with suitable physicochemical properties for puffing by microwave heating has low amylose, a thin ventral region and a puffing time that starts quickly and continues, as exhibited in rice varieties RD 6, RD 10 and NSPT.
36 citations
TL;DR: P prediction models based on soil properties and deduced soil safety thresholds for Cd translocation from thirty-three paddy soils by two contrasting rice cultivars, Yelicanghua and Longhuamaohu, suggest the current Chinese SQS is too strict for LCd which may be grown safely in moderately polluted soils and the derivation of soil thresholds should consider the abilities of different cultivars to accumulate Cd.
36 citations
TL;DR: In this article, samples of paddy rice (Oryza sativa L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) as well as plough layer soils were collected from the four areas that are substantially or potentially affected by mining and smelting activities.
36 citations
TL;DR: Results indicate that FBRA exerts chemopreventive effects against chemically induced urinary bladder carcinogenesis through anti-proliferative mechanisms and could be a promising chemopleventive agent for human urinary bladder cancer.
Abstract: Fermented brown rice by Aspergillus oryzae (FBRA) has been shown to be a potent anti-carcinogenic compound. Here, we investigated the modifying effects of dietary feeding with a naturally occurring anti-oxidant FBRA on N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine (OH-BBN)-induced urinary bladder carcinogenesis in male ICR mice. Five-week-old male ICR mice were divided into 7 groups, and groups 1-5 were given OH-BBN (500 ppm) in drinking water for 6 weeks starting at 7 weeks of age. Groups 2 and 3 were fed the diet containing 5% and 10% FBRA during the initiation phase, respectively, whereas groups 4 and 5 were fed these diets during the post-initiation phase. Group 6 was given the diet containing 10% FBRA throughout the experiment, and group 7 was kept on the basal diet alone and served as an untreated control. At the end of the study (week 32), the incidences of simple hyperplasia, dysplasia and carcinoma in the bladders of group 1 (OH-BBN alone) were 92%, 49% and 38%, respectively. Those of group 5 (64%, 23% and 10%) and the incidence of carcinoma of group 4 (17%) was significantly less than that of group 1. Furthermore, the multiplicity of simple hyperplasia and carcinoma of group 5 was significantly less than that of group 1. Post-initiation exposure of 10% FBRA significantly decreased the number/nucleus of silver-stained nucleolar organizer region proteins (AgNORs), an index of cell proliferation, in the non-lesional transitional epithelium when compared to that of the control. Our results indicate that FBRA exerts chemopreventive effects against chemically induced urinary bladder carcinogenesis through anti-proliferative mechanisms. FBRA could be a promising chemopreventive agent for human urinary bladder cancer.
36 citations