Brown rice

About: Brown rice is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8180 publications have been published within this topic receiving 81079 citations.

IGF-1 induction by acylated steryl β-glucosides found in a pre-germinated brown rice diet reduces oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetes.

Abstract: Background: The pathology of diabetic neuropathy involves oxidative stress on pancreatic b-cells, and is related to decreased levels of Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). Acylated steryl b-glucoside (PR-ASG) found in pre-germiated brown rice is a bioactive substance exhibiting properties that enhance activity of homocysteine-thiolactonase (HTase), reducing oxidative stress in diabetic neuropathy. The biological importance of PR-ASG in pancreatic b-cells remains unknown. Here we examined the effects of PR-ASG on IGF-1 and glucose metabolism in b-cells exposed to oxidative stress. Methodology/Principal Findings: In the present study, a pre-germinated brown rice (PR)-diet was tested in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Compared with diabetic rats fed control diets, the PR-diet fed rats showed an improvement of serum metabolic and neurophysiological parameters. In addition, IGF-1 levels were found to be increased in the serum, liver, and pancreas of diabetic rats fed the PR-diet. The increased IGF-1 level in the pancreas led us to hypothesize that PR-ASG is protective for islet b-cells against the extensive injury of advanced or severe diabetes. Thus we examined PR-ASG to determine whether it showed anti-apoptotic, pro-proliferative effects on the insulin-secreting b-cells line, INS-1; and additionally, whether PR-ASG stimulated IGF-1 autocrine secretion/IGF-1-dependent glucose metabolism. We have demonstrated for the first time that PR-ASG increases IGF-1 production and secretion from pancreatic b-cells. Conclusion/Significance: These findings suggest that PR-ASG may affect pancreatic b-cells through the activation of an IGF1-dependent mechanism in the diabetic condition. Thus, intake of pre-germinated brown rice may have a beneficial effect in the treatment of diabetes, in particular diabetic neuropathy.

Value of Wholegrain Rice in a Healthy Human Nutrition

Abstract: Rice is one of the most widely consumed cereals in the world. The husks of harvested, unprocessed rice are not digested by humans and need to be removed to obtain edible grains, whereas the bran can be partially (brown rice) or totally removed (white rice). Brown rice is a wholegrain cereal and, as such, is known to have beneficial effects on human health. Recent epidemiological studies have shown that the consumption of whole grains can reduce the risk of metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and some types of cancer. However, white rice is preferred for reasons connected to appearance, taste, palatability, ease of cooking, tradition, safety, shelf-life, and lack of awareness about its benefits and availability. In this review, the latest scientific reports regarding the nutritional composition of brown rice and the evolution of the technology for its production will be briefly reviewed together with research on nutritional implications of brown rice consumption also in relation to cancer development in humans. A specific chapter is devoted to pigmented rice which, thanks to its composition, has attracted the growing interest of consumers worldwide. The need for further studies to help promote the consumption of wholegrain rice are also discussed.

Formulation and Physical Evaluation Sheet Mask From Red Rice (Oryza Nivara) and Virgin Coconut Oil (Cocos Nucifera L)

Abstract: Sheet Mask has been widely used by East Asians, sheet masks are generally made of non-woven fabric, paper fibers, bio-cellulose, and so on. Red rice with a slightly purplish red color is very suitable for normal to dry skin. As in the analysis of red rice content, there are protein levels, fat content, water content, vitamin C in brown rice which is very good for moisturizing the facial skin. One of the natural ingredients studied is Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO). In this study, a physical evaluation test was carried out on red rice and VCO samples. The purpose of this research is to find out what formulation produces good physical properties. Red rice was extracted coldly using 96% ethanol solvent and VCO using the fermentation method. The results of the phytochemical test of red rice extract contained flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, and quinones. Based on research results, brown rice extract and VCO have stronger antioxidant activity compared to VCO.

Policosanol Contents and Compositions in Wax-Like Materials Extracted from Selected Cereals of Korean Origin

Abstract: Policosanols, long-chained alcohols, have been reported to have beneficial physiological activities. Content and composition of policosanols in wax-like materials extracted from selected cereals of Korean origin were determined. Wax-like materials were extracted using hot hexane. Yields of wax-like materials from unpolished grain sorghum, polished grain sorghum, brown rice, purple rice, wheat, and maize were 223, 37, 33, 61, 10, and 10 mg/100 g of dry kernels, respectively. Policosanol contents, as determined using HPLC, in the wax-like materials from the cereals were 33, 29, 6, 0, and 2% (w/w, db), respectively. Major alcohols in the policosanols from grain sorghum were octacosanol and triacontanol. Docosanol was the major alcohol in the policosanols from brown rice, purple rice, wheat, and maize.