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Showing papers on "Buck–boost converter published in 1985"


Proceedings ArticleDOI
24 Jun 1985
TL;DR: In this article, a method for analyzing the complex operation of a parallel resonant converter is developed, utilizing graphical stateplane techniques, which uncovers the presence of other complex modes besides the continuous conduction and the discontinuous conduction modes and determines their theoretical boundaries.
Abstract: A method for analyzing the complex operation of a parallel resonant converter is developed, utilizing graphical state-plane techniques. The comprehensive mode analysis uncovers, for the first time, the presence of other complex modes besides the continuous conduction mode and the the discontinuous conduction mode and determines their theoretical boundaries. Based on the insight gained from the analysis, a novel, high-frequency resonant buck converter is proposed. The voltage conversion ratio of the new converter is almost independent of load.

138 citations


Patent
14 Nov 1985
TL;DR: In this article, a DC-AC inverter includes a bridge converter for converting an input DC into an output AC signal which uses field-effect transistors in the bridge circuit.
Abstract: A DC-AC inverter includes a bridge converter for converting an input DC into an output AC signal which uses field-effect transistors in the bridge circuit. The characteristics of the field-effect transistors enable the bridge converter to temporarily supply power in significant overload conditions. A DC-DC converter may also be included between the DC power source and the bridge converter to provide voltage boosting, when required. Field-effect transistors are also included in the DC-DC converter for power switching. The duration and amount of overload current output by the bridge converter is monitored and when an overcurrent condition beyond a predetermined amount or duration is detected, the bridge converter is disabled. The bridge converter is reenabled at a predetermined time thereafter. A plurality of field effect transistors may be connected in parallel at each location wherein a solid state power switching device is used in the inverter to thereby multiply the power handling capacity of the inverter as a whole.

78 citations


Patent
Shigeru Tanaka1
07 Oct 1985
TL;DR: In this paper, the phase of a modulating wave (carrier) of one PWM converter differs by a predetermined degree from that of another PWM converter, and a control method of the invention is adapted to the power converter apparatus in which plural PWR converters are used.
Abstract: A power converter apparatus has at least two converters CONV1 and CONV2. The DC side of each of the converters CONV1 and CONV2 is connected to a filtering capacitor Cd which serves as a DC power source for a load device LOAD. The AC side of the converter CONV1 is connected to the secondary winding of a first transformer TR1. The AC side of the converter CONV2 is connected to the secondary winding of a second transformer TR2. The primary winding of transformer TR1 is connected in series to the primary winding of transformer TR2. The series circuit of the primary windings of transformers TR1 and TR2 is coupled to an AC power supply SUP via a single AC reactor Ls. A control method of the invention is adapted to the power converter apparatus in which plural PWM converters are used. The phase of a modulating wave (carrier) of one PWM converter differs by a predetermined degree from that of another PWM converter.

38 citations


Patent
27 Dec 1985
TL;DR: The leakage inductance of the isolation transformer of a single-ended DC-to-DC converter resonates with a resonant capacitor connected in series with the transformer secondary to provide substantially zero current in the switching transistor during turn-on and turn-off.
Abstract: The leakage inductance of the isolation transformer of a single-ended DC-to-DC converter resonates with a resonant capacitor connected in series with the transformer secondary to provide substantially zero current in the switching transistor during turn-on and turn-off The overall transistor current stress is low since it is bounded by the sum of average input current and average output current These factors allow the converter to be operated at high frequencies for improved performance

38 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a dc to 3-phase series-resonant converter (s.r.converter) is presented for sub-megawatt industrial applications with variable-frequency sine-wave currents.
Abstract: A type of dc to 3-phase series-resonant converter (s.r.converter) or potentially submegawatt industrial applications is presented. The converter provides variable-frequency sine-wave currents, with low harmonic distortion at the output terminals, and with the frequency ranging from -200 through dc to +200 Hz. The converter can transfer power in both forward and reverse power-flow directions to almost any type of load circuit. The methods of control are formulated such that they can be implemented easily with high-speed logical circuits. Test results for a 1-kW demonstration converter are supplied.

36 citations


Patent
27 Dec 1985
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed to remove a DC/DC converter when the ratio between the input voltage and the output voltage of the converter is kept between the conversion efficiency of the DC and DC converter and the reciprocal of said conversion efficiency.
Abstract: PURPOSE: To obtain a charging control system high in working efficiency by removing a DC/DC converter when the ratio between the input voltage and the output voltage of the DC/DC converter is kept between the conversion efficiency of the DC/DC converter and the reciprocal of said conversion efficiency. CONSTITUTION: When an accumulator 3 has a level less than a full charge mode, the DC voltage generated by a solar battery 1 is raised or dropped via a DC/DC converter 5 after a switch 12 is closed. Then a charging current and a load current are supplied to the accumulator 3 and the load 4 respectively in response to the output voltage of the converter 5. While the rise and drop are nor required for the output voltage of the battery 1 by the function of the converter 5 when the ratio between the output voltage V 0 and the input voltage V i of the converter 5 is kept between the conversion efficiency FC of the converter 5 and its reciprocal 1/FC. Thus an input/output voltage comparison control circuit 9 opens the switch 12 and separates the converter 5 from the load 4. COPYRIGHT: (C)1987,JPO&Japio

30 citations


Patent
24 Jan 1985
TL;DR: In this article, a control circuit for a power converter apparatus using self-extinction devices as switching devices is described, in which turn on and turn off operations of the selfextinction device are controlled by gate pulses which have been subject to pulse width modulation with a pulse train having a pulse width which is sinusoidally varied.
Abstract: Disclosed is a control circuit for a power converter apparatus using self-extinction devices as switching devices, in which turn on and turn off operations of the self-extinction devices are controlled by gate pulses which have been subject to pulse width modulation with a pulse train having a pulse width which is sinusoidally varied, and, at the same time, the self-extinction devices in same phase are made conductive in a predetermined period corresponding to an output voltage reference value to make an output of the power converter apparatus be in a shorted state in the sense of DC current to thereby control the output of the power converter apparatus

23 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an X-band, low-noise GaAs monolithic frequency converter has been developed, which consists of an Xband three-stage lownoise amplifier, an image rejection filter, an X Band dual-gate FET mixer, and an IF-band buffer amplifier.
Abstract: An X-band, low-noise GaAs monolithic frequency converter has been developed. Multicircuit functions, such as amplification, filtering, and mixing, were integrated on to a single GaAs frequency converter chip. The frequency converter consists of an X-band three-stage low-noise amplifier, an image rejection filter, an X-band dual-gate FET mixer, and an IF-band buffer amplifier. To minimize circuit size without degrading performances, an RC-coupled buffer amplifier was connected directly after a dual-gate FET mixer IF port, and one-section parallel and series microstrip lines were adopted for the amplifier. One-half-micron (1/2 µm) single-gate FET's and a one-micron (1 µm) dual-gate FET, which have an ion-implanted closely-spaced electrode structure, were used. Either via hole grounds or bonding wire grounds are selectable for the frequency converter. Chip size is 3.4x1.5 mm. The frequency converter provides less than 3-dB noise figure and more than 34-dB conversion gain.

17 citations


Patent
Walter Dipl.-Ing. Lösel1
30 May 1985
TL;DR: In this paper, a threshold value switch is used to switch off a constant-current source (U1,IC) that can be switched on and off as soon as the voltage at the charging capacitor (C) exceeds by a given amount a reference voltage (Uref).
Abstract: In a circuit arrangement for energizing the regulation and control device (RS) of a regulated direct voltage converter (GW), a charging capacitor which supplies the regulation and control device (RS) is charged during the starting stage by the input voltage (U1) of the direct voltage converter and during the operating condition by an auxiliary voltage (UH) at the secondary side of the converter (GW). The change-over takes place by means of a threshold value switch (S), which switches off a constant-current source (U1,IC) that can be switched on and off as soon as the voltage at the charging capacitor (C) exceeds by a given amount a reference voltage (Uref). The circuit arrangement exhibits particularly low losses during the operating condition of the direct voltage converter.

13 citations


Patent
18 Dec 1985
TL;DR: In this paper, a power supply comprising a high impedance source and a regulator configured as a boost type converter is described and the duty cycle of a shunt switch in the regulator is controlled so as to be increased or decreased in order to respectively decrease or increase the regulator output voltage.
Abstract: A power supply comprising a high impedance source and a regulator configured as a boost type converter is disclosed. The duty cycle of a shunt switch in the regulator is controlled so as to be increased or decreased in order to respectively decrease or increase the regulator output voltage.

13 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
24 Jun 1985
TL;DR: In this article, a new type of two-output dc-to-dc converter is proposed, which is based on the discontinuous-conduction mode operation of one output and the continuousconduction operation of the other output.
Abstract: A new type of two-output dc-to-dc converter is proposed. With this “double converter”, two completely regulated outputs can be obtained using only one switching element and very often without a transformer. The operating principle is based on the discontinuous-conduction mode operation of one output and the continuous-conduction mode operation of the other output. Both outputs are sensed and the duty-cycle of the switching element and the frequency are controlled. A prototype has been built and the results obtained are discussed.

Patent
19 Aug 1985
TL;DR: In this paper, an opto-electrical signal converter was proposed for linearly converting a signal consisting of an alternating current superimposed on a direct current into a signal with an alternating voltage superimposed over a direct voltage.
Abstract: The invention relates to an opto-electrical signal converter for linearly converting a signal consisting of an alternating current superimposed on a direct current into a signal consisting of an alternating voltage superimposed on a direct voltage. Such a converter comprises the combination of a light diode and a photosensitive element optically coupled therewith, which combination is designated as optocoupler. The invention has for its object to provide a converter having a good linear signal transmission, the value of the output signal of the converter being independent of the properties of the optocoupler used. For this purpose, the converter is provided with a transistor, of which a semiconductor junction connected to the base of the transistor is AC-connected parallel to the base-emitter junction of the transistor and is DC-connected in series with a stabilization circuit. As a result, a linear AC and DC transmission, respectively, is reached independently of ageing and of the temperature behaviour of the optocoupler used.

Patent
29 Aug 1985
TL;DR: In this article, a method and circuitry for monitoring the performance of a switching system such as a switch mode converter by monitoring the duty cycle of the system is presented, which is a parameter which determines whether or not the converter is in jeopardy of losing its ability to regulate an output voltage.
Abstract: A method and circuitry are disclosed for monitoring the performance of a switching system such as a switch mode converter by monitoring the duty cycle of the system. With respect to a switch mode converter, its duty cycle is a parameter which determines whether or not the converter is in jeopardy of loosing its ability to regulate an output voltage. As long as the duty cycle of the converter is below a given threshold, which may approach 100 percent, the converter has the ability to continue regulating the output voltage. The method and circuitry disclosed herein monitor a signal of the converter having a duty cycle related to the duty cycle of the converter and provide a signal indicating when the duty cycle of the converter is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold duty cycle.

Patent
01 Jul 1985
TL;DR: In this article, a switch-mode power supply has a rectifier for producing a small d.c. voltage from an input a.k.a. voltage, and a converter which comprises a switching transistor and a transformer.
Abstract: A switch-mode power supply has a rectifier for producing a small d.c. voltage from an input a.c. voltage, and a converter which comprises a switching transistor and a transformer. The converter arrangement is a free-running conductive converter and the switching transistor is switched on in the currentless state.

Patent
31 Jul 1985
TL;DR: In this paper, an appartus for generating a multi-frequency signal includes a D/A converter, two converter circuits connected to the converter for determining a respective connecting instant, two controlled waveform counters each being connected to a respective one of the converter circuits, a cycle control connected to converter circuits for monitoring the converter circuit, and a sample-and-hold circuit having divider capacitors and being connected with the converter.
Abstract: An appartus for generating a multi-frequency signal includes a D/A converter, two converter circuits connected to the D/A converter for determining a respective connecting instant, two controlled waveform counters each being connected to a respective one of the converter circuits, a D/A cycle control connected to the converter circuits for monitoring the converter circuits, a sample-and-hold circuit having divider capacitors and being connected to the D/A converter, and holding capacitors connected to the sample-and-hold circuit.

Patent
Rudy J. Van De Plassche1
05 Sep 1985
TL;DR: In this paper, a controlled integrator is used to eliminate a noise component in the residual signal which is left after a conversion cycle of an analogue-to-digital converter, which is then possible to digitize this residual signal and thus to obtain additional bit information, as a result of which the range and resolving power of the analogue to digital converter are increased.
Abstract: By means of a controlled integrator, a noise component in the residual signal which is left after a conversion cycle of an analogue-to-digital converter can be eliminated for the major part. It is then possible to digitize this residual signal and thus to obtain additional bit information, as a result of which the range and the resolving power of the analogue-to-digital converter are increased.

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 1985

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 1985

Patent
16 Mar 1985
TL;DR: In this article, a first discriminator (7a) compares the input voltage with the output voltage of a digital-analogue converter (3) and initiates incrementing or decrementing of the digital integrator (1) by approximately half of the voltage corresponding to a least significant bit.
Abstract: A first discriminator (7a) compares the input voltage with the output voltage of a digital-analogue converter (3) connected downstream of a digital integrator (1) and initiates incrementing or decrementing of the digital integrator (1) by a least significant bit if the input voltage is higher or lower by more than approximately half of the voltage corresponding to a least significant bit. To improve the tracking of the digital output signal in the case of rapid fluctuations of the input voltage, additional window discriminators (7b, 7c) are activated if the input voltage deviates from the output voltage of the digital-analogue converter (3) by more than 10 times or 150 times the voltage corresponding to a least significant bit. They then initiate incrementing or decrementing of the integrator (1) designed as a three-stage cascade of 4-bit bidirectional counters (2a, 2b, 2c) by one bit with the significance 2 or 2 respectively. The analogue-digital converter is particularly suitable for processing the output signal of a current or voltage transformer.

Patent
05 Aug 1985
TL;DR: In this paper, a switching power supply having a rectifier arrangement (BG) for generating a DC voltage from an alternating input voltage (UE), and having a switching transistor (T1) and a transformer (U) having converter arrangement is described.
Abstract: The invention relates to a switching power supply having a rectifier arrangement (BG) for generating a DC voltage (UG) from an alternating input voltage (UE), and having a switching transistor (T1) and a transformer (U) having converter arrangement. According to the invention provides that the converter arrangement is designed as a freely oscillating forward converter, wherein the switching transistor (T1) is turned on in the currentless state, and in that a secondary-side regulating stage is provided with an electrically isolated control loop, wherein the control step, the deviation of a DC output voltage (UA) of a predetermined detected value, and adjusts via the control loop, the duty ratio for the switching transistor (11).

Patent
Harald Stasch1
05 Aug 1985
TL;DR: In this paper, a free-running flow converter is designed as a free running flow converter wherein the switching transistor is switched on in a current-free condition and a secondary switch controller is synchronized by the transformer and regulates an output DC voltage.
Abstract: A switched power supply has a rectifier arrangement for generating a DC voltage from an input AC voltage. A converter arrangement thereof has a switching transistor and a transformer. The converter arrangement is designed as a free-running flow converter wherein the switching transistor is switched on in a current-free condition. A secondary side of the converter arrangement comprises a secondary switch controller which is synchronized by the transformer and which regulates an output DC voltage.

Patent
31 Jul 1985
TL;DR: In this paper, a circuit arrangement for frequency adjustment in the field-weakening range of a three-phase machine (5) which is supplied via a DC voltage intermediate-circuit converter is presented.
Abstract: In the case of a circuit arrangement for frequency adjustment in the field-weakening range of a three-phase machine (5) which is supplied via a DC voltage intermediate-circuit converter, it is intended to achieve the effect that the three-phase machine always maintains its rotation speed, that is to say even when the amplitude of the output voltage is reduced as a result of mains-voltage reductions. Provided for this purpose is a field-weakening controller (21) to which the control deviation of a control variable (xUD) (which is proportional to the intermediate-circuit voltage) is provided in advance from a reference variable which is emitted by an additional required-value transmitter (14) and is proportional to the magnitude of the mains voltage (UMAINS), and whose output signal is added to the control variable (xUD) (which is proportional to the intermediate-circuit voltage) as an additional variable. The control variable (xUD) (which is proportional to the intermediate-circuit voltage), together with the additional variable, is used on the one hand as a control variable for a frequency controller (13) for which a reference variable (WUD) (which is proportional to the motor rotation speed) is provided in advance and whose output signal controls the mains converter (1) of the DC voltage intermediate-circuit converter, via a subordinate current regulator. On the other hand, the sum of the control variable (xUD) (which is proportional to the intermediate-circuit voltage) and the output signal of the field-weakening controller (21) is supplied to a voltage/frequency converter (25) whose output signal defines the frequency of the machine converter (4) of the DC voltage intermediate-circuit converter.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a simple radiation-resistant current-to-frequency converter was developed for the remote measurement of small currents (0.1-30 mu A) in lines at up to 4 kV above ground potential.
Abstract: A simple radiation-resistant current-to-frequency converter has been developed for the remote measurement of small currents (0.1-30 mu A) in lines at up to 4 kV above ground potential. the 6.5-9 MHz output frequency is a quasi-logarithmic function of the input current. The converter operates on the principle of a tunnel diode oscillator tuned by a varactor diode.

Patent
15 May 1985
TL;DR: In this article, a printed-circuit board supports the entire internal construction like a chassis, and a heavy-current connection block is mechanically mounted on it such that it bridges over the converter with its table-like substructure.
Abstract: The invention relates to heavy-current measurement converters having converters to whose primaries heavy-current magnitudes are applied, with weak-current magnitudes on their secondaries. Despite a dense arrangement of the components, the construction of such measurement converters can be designed such that the achieved DC isolation cannot be endangered by critical leakage paths and such that a construction which is convenient to assemble is nevertheless achieved. This is achieved in that a printed-circuit board (6) supports the entire internal construction like a chassis, and a heavy-current connection block (22 to 26) is mechanically mounted on it such that it bridges over the converter (19) with its table-like substructure (24 to 26). Its superstructure (22, 23) partially projects through an opening in the cover, which is like a housing, so that plug contacts (22) which are located in the upper part of the superstructure allow connecting cables coming from the outside to be plugged on. Each plug contact (22) has a connecting element (22b), which is located in the lower part of the superstructure (22, 23), within the cover, and from which a cable (16) leads to the primary winding of a converter (19, 20) or to an upstream-connected component.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a time-to-digital converter with 2 ns time resolution and 130 ns dead time is described, using a 125 MHz quartz clock and a cable interpolator.
Abstract: A description is given of a time-to-digital converter with 2 ns time resolution and 130 ns dead time. A 125 MHz quartz clock and a cable interpolator provide the base time. Non-conventional gating circuitry has been implemented to successfully eliminate the 'odd and even' effect.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A non-linear analogue-to-digital converter (NL-ADC) whose output is proportional to the natural logarithm of the input voltage is described, based on Maclaurin's series of the naturalLogarithms function.
Abstract: The paper describes a non-linear analogue-to-digital converter (NL-ADC) whose output is proportional to the natural logarithm of the input voltage. It is based on Maclaurin's series of the natural logarithm function. The design is based on voltage-to-frequency conversion (VFC) and a decimal rate multiplier (DRM). The NL-ADC introduces four digital numbers proportional to the first, second, third and fourth powers of the input DC signal. These numbers are digitally added and subtracted according to the first four terms of Maclaurin's series. A microprocessor-controlled hybrid computer with efficient analogue devices is used in the circuit design and implementation.

Patent
09 Aug 1985
TL;DR: In this paper, a light diode (4) and a photosensitive element (5) optically coupled therewith, which combination is designated as optocoupler, is used to provide a converter having a good linear signal transmission, the value of the output signal of the converter being independent of the properties of the Optocou- pier used.
Abstract: Opto-electrical signal converter for linearly converting a signal consisting of an alternating current (i) superimposed on a direct current (I) into a signal consisting of an alternating voltage (u) superimposed on a direct voltage (U). Such a converter comprises the combination of a light diode (4) and a photosensitive element (5) optically coupled therewith, which combination as designated as optocoupler. The invention has for its object to provide a converter having a good linear signal transmission, the value of the output signal of the converter being independent of the properties of the optocou- pier used. For this purpose, the converter is provided with a transistor 5 of which a semiconductor junction 11 connected to the base of the transistor 5 is AC-connected (via 14) parallel to the base-emitter junction of the transistor and is DC-connected (via 13) in series with a stabilization circuit. As a result, a linear AC and DC transmission, respectively, is reached independently of ageing and of the temperature behaviour of the optocoupler used.

Patent
Jean-Pierre Tomasi1
26 Feb 1985
TL;DR: In this article, a negative feedback network (20) coupled between the output of the digital-to-analog converter and the reference voltage input was proposed. But the negative feedback was not considered in this paper.
Abstract: A digital-to-analogue converter arrangement employs a digital-to-analog converter circuit (10) of a type producing an output voltage V(n') such that: ##EQU1## where k is a constant, E is a voltage applied to a reference voltage input, n' is a binary number applied to a binary signal input and M' is the maximum value n' can attain. The converter arrangement includes a negative feedback network (20) coupled between the output (13) of the digital-to-analogue converter circuit and the reference voltage input (14).

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the relationship between the voltage stability and the capacitance of the smoothing condenser was determined by analysis, considering the phase-delay element in the feedback circuit and the equivalent series resistance of the smooth condenser.
Abstract: The push-pull current-fed dc-dc converter has been considered as one of the circuit configurations for the dc-dc converter. According to past studies, this converter is useful from the viewpoint of the voltage stability compared to traditional circuits. This paper considers the fact that the capacitance of the smoothing condenser can be reduced by raising the switching frequency. The relation is determined between the voltage stability and the capacitance of the smoothing condenser by analysis, considering the phase-delay element in the feedback circuit and the equivalent series resistance of the smoothing condenser. Hence, the push-pull current-fed dc-dc converter is shown to have better voltage stability than the traditional buck-type converter, even if the capacitance of the smoothing condenser is reduced, while the output voltage ripple increases with the increase of the output current, thereby limiting practical applications.