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Buffer gas

About: Buffer gas is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3565 publications have been published within this topic receiving 47283 citations.


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Patent
24 May 1972
TL;DR: A high pressure gas discharge lamp provided with a gas filling which comprises at least 10 7 gram atoms of germanium per cubic cm of the discharge vessel and selenium as mentioned in this paper has a value of between 0.5 and 4.
Abstract: A high-pressure gas discharge lamp provided with a gas filling which comprises at least 10 7 gram atoms of germanium per cubic cm of the discharge vessel and selenium. The selenium-germanium ratio has a value of between 0.5 and 4. Furthermore the gas filling may comprise tin and a halogen in which the seleniumhalogen ratio is chosen between 0.02 and 4. In addition to the said elements the lamp preferably includes a starter gas (rare gas) and a buffer gas (mercury). The lamp emits the continuous molecular radiation of germanium selenide and a very satisfactory colour rendition is possible in a wide range of colour temperature.

17 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the cooling dynamics, formation process and geometric structure of mesoscopic crystals of externally produced magnesium ions in a Penning trap were studied and a cooling model and measurements for a combination of buffer gas cooling and laser cooling was presented.
Abstract: We have studied the cooling dynamics, formation process and geometric structure of mesoscopic crystals of externally produced magnesium ions in a Penning trap. We present a cooling model and measurements for a combination of buffer gas cooling and laser cooling which has been found to reduce the ion kinetic energy by eight orders of magnitude from several hundreds of eV to micro-eV and below within seconds. With ion numbers of the order of 1000 to 100000, such cooling leads to the formation of ion Coulomb crystals which display a characteristic shell structure in agreement with theory of non-neutral plasmas. We show the production and characterization of two-species ion crystals as a means of sympathetic cooling of ions lacking a suitable laser-cooling transition.

17 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the amplified emission of alkali atoms resonantly excited to theP3/2 state by an intense laser beam is analyzed theoretically, which is caused essentially by collisions with buffer gas atoms building up a population inversion of theP 1 2 state with respect to theS 1 2 ground state.
Abstract: The recently discovered amplified emission of alkali atoms resonantly excited to theP3/2 state by intense laser beam is analyzed theoretically. This effect is caused essentially by collisions with buffer gas atoms building up a population inversion of theP1/2 state with respect to theS1/2 ground state. Our theoretical calculations based on dressed-atom density matrix analysis agree with most experimental results.

17 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, two in situ monitoring methods: gravimetric method and surface photo-absorption (SPA) method, were used to investigate the atomic layer epitaxy (ALE) using GaCl source in an inert carrier gas system.
Abstract: Atomic layer epitaxy (ALE) using GaCl source in an inert carrier gas system is investigated by means of two in situ monitoring methods: gravimetric method and surface photo-absorption (SPA) method. It is shown that the growth of a monomolecular layer unit occurs in the inert carrier gas system as well as in the H2 carrier gas system. In the SPA measurement, the reflected light intensity during GaCl supply and subsequent inert gas or H2 purge is stronger in the inert carrier gas system than that in the H2 carrier gas system. Based on these results, reaction mechanisms are proposed for the two systems.

17 citations

Patent
Sandeep K. Karode1
20 Dec 2013
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used three gas separation stages to produce a natural gas product and a Helium-containing gas that may be injected into the reservoir from which the Helium containing natural gas is obtained.
Abstract: Helium-containing natural gas is processed with three gas separation stages to produce a natural gas product and a Helium-containing gas that may be injected into the reservoir from which the Helium-containing natural gas is obtained. A permeate from the first gas separation membrane stage is compressed and fed to the second gas membrane stage. The permeate from the second gas separation membrane stage is recovered as the Helium-containing gas that may be injected into the reservoir. The non-permeate from the second gas separation membrane stage is fed to the third gas separation membrane stage. Non-permeates from the first and third gas separation stages are combined to produce a natural gas product. A permeate from the third gas separation membrane stage is combined with a non-permeate from the first gas separation membrane stage before it is compressed and fed to the second gas separation membrane stage.

17 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202329
202264
202136
202062
201967
201891