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Showing papers on "Bulinus truncatus published in 2008"


Journal Article
TL;DR: The steroidal saponin-containing fraction from methanolic extract of Dracaena fragrans was tested for molluscicidal and ovicidal activities against Biomphalaria alexandrina and Bulinus truncatus and showed significant increase in total protein content & albumen, in aminotransferases and acetylcholinesterase activities.
Abstract: The steroidal saponin-containing fraction from methanolic extract of Dracaena fragrans (Family: Agavaceae) was tested for molluscicidal and ovicidal activities against Biomphalaria alexandrina and Bulinus truncatus, the snail vectors of Schistosoma mansoni and S. haematobium in Egypt, respectively. It was also tested for schistosemicidal activity in vitro on adult S. mansoni and against the free-living miracidia and cercariae of the parasite. The homogenated soft body of B. alexandrina was used to determine the effect of the saponin fraction on total protein, albumen, aminotransferase enzymes and acetylcholin esterase. The results showed that the saponin fraction had considerable molluscicidal activity; LC50 & LC90 were 2.7 ppm & 3.7 ppm for B. alexandrina and 2 ppm & 2.5 ppm for B. truncatus, respectively. Snail eggs did not hatch in concentration as low as half molluscicidal LC50 (1.35 ppm). The LC50 killed all miracidia and cercariae in 30 seconds and after 22 & 40 minutes at a very low concentration (0.165 ppm) respectively, and had in vitro lethal effect on adults with LC50 18.4 microg/ml 4 days post-exposure. The snail tissue homogenate showed significant increase in total protein content & albumen, in aminotransferases and acetylcholinesterase activities.

20 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Transmission of S. haematobium was primarily focused in the irrigating channels during the dry hot season at the beginning of afternoon in irrigated perimeters of the Niger River valley, and results should lead to improve the output of sistosomiasis control methods within irrigated areas.
Abstract: Background Currently, the control of urinary schistosomiasis is mostly based on mass treatment. Characterization of Schistosoma haematobium transmission could lead to adding new methods to the control strategy. Methods We carried out malacological and cercariometrical surveys in irrigated perimeters of the Niger River valley. A semi-monthly follow-up was performed in three main sites of human-water contact in a village located at the border of the irrigated perimeter. Bulinids were collected during 20 min; after identification based on the shell morphology, their parasites were characterized by isoelectrofocalisation. The cercariometrical technique by differential filtration was used to evaluate the density of cercariae in every site with two 20 litres samples of water collected at various periods of the day (9, 12, 15 and 18 h). Results In the arm of the river, the cercariometry never showed cercariae whereas only some Bulinus truncatus, all negative, were collected. In the channels, B. truncatus and B. globosus were observed and highest density was found during the dry season. Only B. truncatus was naturally infested. Homozygote BB phenotype (characteristic of S. haematobium) was observed in all positive molluscs. Using cercariometry, more than two third of cercariae were collected at 3:00 PM. Conclusion Transmission of S. haematobium was primarily focused in the irrigating channels during the dry hot season at the beginning of afternoon. These results should lead to improve the output of S. haematobium control methods within irrigated areas.

11 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Some tributaries of Benue river in Makurdi were surveyed for gastropod fauna between May and October 2004 with the scoop net method and the predominant aquatic flora encountered were Ipomoea aquatica, Nymphaea lotus and Graminae species.
Abstract: Some tributaries of Benue river in Makurdi were surveyed for gastropod fauna between May and October 2004. The scoop net method was employed and complimented with hand picking technique. Four species of snails were encountered; Lanistes libycus (44.78 %), Melanoides tuberculata (21.86 %), Bulinus truncatus (22.03 %) and Potandoma species (11.33 %). ANOVA revealed no significant difference (P < 0.05) in distribution of snail species and physio-chemical parameters showed no striking disparity in the water bodies sampled. The predominant aquatic flora encountered were Ipomoea aquatica, Nymphaea lotus and Graminae species. The nutritional and medical implications of snail species encountered and observed human water contact pattern were discussed.

11 citations


01 Jan 2008
TL;DR: The highest collected snails number was found in January and seasonally in autumn, but November and winter have the highest infestation, and echinostome cercari ae and xiphidiocercariae have represented as other trematodes i nfection.
Abstract: 2 Abstract: To de tect the prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis and Bulinus truncatus snail, 150 urine samples and 837 B. truncatus snails were collected from Qena Governorate in Upper Egypt. Infection rates were 15.7% (age-period 8-17 years) among males and 20.7% among females (age-period 9-14 years). The highest collected snails number was found in January and seasonally in autumn, but November and winter have the highest infe ction- p eak. G enerally, 1.9% of B. truncatus had been harboured one or mo re trematode larvae. S chistosome infection was fo und in 8 (0.96%) a nd 6 (0.72%) a s sin gle and double infection. Echinostome cercari ae and xiphidiocercariae have represented as other trematodes i nfection.

8 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Since both species are well adapted and thrive well at different arms of the lake, control of both species will remarkably reduce the infection rate of Schistosoma haematobium in the area.
Abstract: Investigation was made into some aspects of biology and population parameters of Bulinus globosus and Bulinus truncatus which are snails implicated in the transmission of urinary schistosomiasis in Agulu Lake Area of Anambra state, Nigeria. These snails were collected from the lake and reared in the laboratory. From observations, life tables were constructed and some population parameters calculated. The incubation period for the two species was 7-14 days while 21% of the egg was unviable for both species. The highest rate of oviposition by B. globosus was 261.64 ± 59.01 eggs/snail (week 20) while B. truncatus had 241.04 ± 52.87 at week 18. The net reproductive rate (ro), generation time (Tc) and capacity rate of increase (rc) for the two species were similar. Since both species are well adapted and thrive well at different arms of the lake, control of both species will remarkably reduce the infection rate of Schistosoma haematobium in the area. Keywords : Bulinus trucatus, Bulinus globosus , population parameters, control, S. haematobium . Nigerian Journal of Parasitology Vol. 29 (1) 2008 pp. 11-14

3 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The present study is providing encouraging indication of the possible overcoming schistosomiasis and fascioliasis in Egypt by the freshwater crayfish Procombarus clarkii.
Abstract: ab experiments and field survey have been carried out to investigate the impact and the relationship between the exotic crayfish; Procambarus clarkii and Schistosoma and Fasciola vector snails in Egypt. In the Lab, several species of freshwater snails, fish and aquatic plants were reported to serve as food for the freshwater crayfish. In the field, a survey for the crayfish and freshwater snails has been conducted at several irrigation channels in Qalyobiya, Ismailia and Behera governorates, which had been previously surveyed during 1990s. The results of the experimental Lab indicated that the vector snails; Biomphalaria alexandrina, Bulinus truncatus and limnaea natalensis were the preys of first choice for the crayfish. The field surveys showed high reduction and sometimes complete disappearance of vector snails in irrigation channels, which have been invaded by Procambarus clarkii, while in water courses which do not harbor the crayfish, such as El Manayef drain and Fayed canal (West of Suez Canal), high densities of these vector snails were recorded. The present study is providing encouraging indication of the possible overcoming schistosomiasis and fascioliasis in Egypt by the freshwater crayfish Procombarus clarkii.

2 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The effects of permethrin on reproduction and survival of Bulinus globosus and Bulinus Truncatus are reported and the chemical did not produce an appreciable adverse effect on snail survival and longevity.
Abstract: The effects of permethrin on reproduction and survival of Bulinus globosus and Bulinus Truncatus are reported. Serial dilutons of the chemical were used in 96 h exposure tests on the molluscs, followed by postexposure maintenance in the laboratory for 8 weeks. There was significant decrease in oviposition with increase in pesticide concentration. There were significant differences between treatment-means for both egg mass and embryo counts for both species of molluscs. The F-LSD values at 5% alpha level for eggmass counts were 2.81 and 2.97 respectively for B. globosus and B. truncatus; 49.60 and 55.72 for the embryo counts in that order. The chemical did not produce an appreciable adverse effect on snail survival and longevity. Keywords : Perrnethrin, Fecundity, Survival, Bulinus globosus, Bulinus truncatus Animal Research International Vol. 1 (2) 2004 pp. 110-112

2 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: The molluscicidal effects of herbicide 2, 4-D were studied against tow species of freshwater snail Bulinus truncatus and Melanopsis nodosa by short term experiments and showed that the herbicide was toxic against the tow species.
Abstract: The molluscicidal effects of herbicide 2, 4-D were studied against tow species of freshwater snail Bulinus truncatus and Melanopsis nodosa by short term experiments. Calculated values of lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC100) were maid to two spices for different period of time 24hr, 48hr, 72hr and 96hr. The study had showed that the herbicide 2, 4-D was toxic against the tow species. The toxicity of the herbicide was low or unknown in low concentrations in the first period of exposure 24and 48hr to two spices but it increase gradually with increase period of exposure. The spice of B.truncatus was more tolerant than the M.nodosa. All the individual of M nodosa was death while in B.truncatus the complete death was not appear until finish the period of exposure 96hr.

2 citations