Bulinus truncatus

About: Bulinus truncatus is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 414 publications have been published within this topic receiving 5640 citations.

Studies on Schistosomiasis in the Yemen Arab Republic

Abstract: During studies on schistosomiasis in the Yemen Arab Republic, 1,302 urine and 397 stool samples from inhabitants of various areas (mostly rural) were examined, and 137 water bodies were searched for snails. Results indicate the occurrence in most localities of both urinary and intestinal schistosomiasis, with a patchy distribution and various infection rates. The highest prevalence of Schistosoma haematobium infection, reaching 100%, was found in villages in the south. Snail intermediate hosts of both schistosomes were found in many habitats in 5 of the 6 provinces visited, and experimental studies showed Bulinus truncatus and Biomphalaria pfeifferi to be susceptible to infection with Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni, respectively. It is estimated that more than one million people in Yemen may be infected with one or both of these schistosomes.

Life cycle of a new African echinostome species reproducing by parthenogenesis

Abstract: The morphology of the adult and larval stages of Echinostoma deserticum n. sp. and its life cycle are described. Adults were collected from the small intestine of the rodent Arvicanthis niloticus from Niger. Sporocysts and rediae were isolated from Bulinus truncatus and B. globosus from south of Algeria (Djanet oasis) and Niger (Daikena district). Previously phylogenetic results using both mitochondrial and nuclear ribosomal DNA sequencing indicate that E. deserticum n. sp. is very distant from the only considered valid African Echinostoma species, E. caproni Richard, 1964. The new species also differs from the other 37-collar spine echinostomes in that it develops in bulinid snails and in its probable exclusive parthenogenetic reproduction.

Environmental DNA for detecting Bulinus truncatus: A new environmental surveillance tool for schistosomiasis emergence risk assessment

Abstract: HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Environmental DNA for detecting Bulinus truncatus: a new environmental surveillance tool for schistosomiasis emergence risk assessment Stephen Mulero, Jérôme Boissier, Jean-François Allienne, Yann Quilichini, Joséphine Foata, Jean-Pierre Pointier, Rey Olivier

Schistosomiasis in newly reclaimed areas in Egypt. 2--Patterns of transmission.

Abstract: The distribution, abundance and seasonality of infected Biomphalaria alexandrina and Bulinus truncatus were studied for 2 years (1992-1994) in two newly reclaimed areas, namely El Manayef and El-Morra areas located on both sides of Suez Canal near Ismailia City. The results confirm the occurrence of transmission of both Schistosoma mansoni and S. haematobium since infected snails of both species were recovered in these areas. This consequently proves that reclamation of parts of the desert utilizing Nile water had led to spread of schistosomiasis to these areas. Analysis of the data shows that the infected snails, especially B. alexandrina, were found clustered in a relatively few numbers of transmission sites and furthermore the greater majority of these sites were found located within a less number of transmission foci. This pattern of focality is clearly demonstrated by Geographical Information System (GIS) produced maps. Infected B. alexandrina snails fluctuated seasonally showing 2 peaks, a minor peak in August and a higher one in November. Only one peak of infected B. truncatus was recognized in July.

Heterotopic heart transplants in biomphalaria glabrata (mollusca: pulmonata): fate of xenografts from seven pulmonate genera

Abstract: Hearts were implanted heterotopically into the hemocoel of the snail Biomphalaria glabrata from members of 7 pulmonate genera: Bulinus truncatus, Drepanotrema kermatoides, Helisoma trivolvis, Physa virgata, Planorbis atticus, Pseudosuccinea columella, and Segmentina hemisphaerula. Hearts from H. trivolvis withstood an initial host hemocytic response and continued to contract for 6 months. However, xenografts from the other 6 species were infiltrated and encapsulated by host hemocytes and underwent destruction between 1 and 15 days post-implantation. Graft destruction may have involved both immunological rejection and physiological incompatibility with recipient plasma, but the former was probably more important because (1) necrosis of heart myofibers occurred rapidly and only following hemocytic infiltration, and (2) some donor hearts possessed mostly euchromatic nuclei and continued to contract for up to 2 weeks when cultured in isotonic saline. Additional key words: organ transplantation, histocompatibility Recent studies have demonstrated long-term survival of both allografts and xenografts in the freshwater pulmonate snail Biomphalaria glabrata (SAY). Specifically, when heart allografts or congeneric xenografts are implanted heterotopically into the hemocoel, they maintain histological integrity, high levels of intracellular glycogen, and myogenic contraction for 6 months, despite undergoing a recipient hemocytic response and some pathological alterations (Sullivan et al. 1992, 1993). As discussed previously, whether such long-term graft survival represents true acceptance or a form of chronic rejection is not known (Sullivan et al. 1993). Although xenografts from congeneric donors survived in Biomphalaria glabrata, we predicted that grafts from more distantly related donors eventually would undergo destruction, due to immunological rejection, physiological incompatibility, or both. To test this hypothesis, we implanted individuals of Biomphalaria glabrata with hearts of donors from 7 other freshwater pulmonate snail genera. We report (1) nearly uniformly rapid necrosis of grafts from all donors, with one interesting exception, and (2) evidence that graft necrosis results primarily from immunological rejection, rather than from physiological incompatibility with recipient plasma. a Author for correspondence and reprint requests. Methods Snails. As in previous investigations, recipients were laboratory-reared specimens of the NIH albino stock (Newton 1955) of Biomphalaria glabrata, 1215 mm in shell diameter. The following 7 donors were used: Bulinus truncatus (AUDOUIN), Drepanotrema kermatoides (D'ORBIGNY), Helisoma trivolvis (SAY), Physa virgata (GOULD), Planorbis atticus BOURGUIGNAT, Pseudosuccinea columella (SAY), and Segmentina hemisphaerula (BENSON). Source of the snails and their classification according to Vaught (1989) is shown in Table 1. (For alternative taxonomic schemes, see Malek & Cheng 1974; Hubendick 1978.) Donor species were selected on the basis of taxonomic differences from the recipient, and ease of procurement from local collection sites or generous colleagues (see Acknowledgments). Donors were reared in the laboratory from eggs in aerated aquariums or covered jars at 26-27? C and were fed either fresh or boiled leaves of Romaine lettuce. Donor shell diameters or shell heights were 5.0-5.2 mm for D. kermatoides, 6.0-6.3 mm for S. hemisphaerula, and 6.5-8.0 mm for the remaining species. Implantation technique. Previously described methods were used for dissecting hearts from donors and implanting them into a hemolymph sinus medial to the recipient's intestine and between the albumin and digestive glands on the left side (Sullivan et al. This content downloaded from 157.55.39.254 on Mon, 05 Sep 2016 04:56:55 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms Sullivan, Brammer, Hargraves, & Owens Table 1. Abbreviated classification of donor and recipient snails.1,2 All are pulmonate gastropods in the order Basommatophora. Superfamily Lymnaeoidea Family Lymnaeidae Pseudosuccinea columella (Iowa City, Iowa) Superfamily Physoidea Family Physidae Physa virgata (Beaumont, Texas) Superfamily Planorboidea Family Planorbidae Subfamily Planorbinae