Bulinus truncatus

About: Bulinus truncatus is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 414 publications have been published within this topic receiving 5640 citations.

Molluscicidal impacts of some Egyptian plant extracts on protein and DNA-contents of two snail-vectors of schistosomiasis, using electrophoresis

Abstract: The present work included studies of qualitative and quantitative effects of ethanol extracts from three local plants, namely Euphorbia splendens (Euphorbiaceae), Ziziphus spina-christi (Rhamnaceae) and Ambrosia maritime (Asteraceae) on the protein and DNA-contents of digestive gland of uninfected and infected vectors of schistosomiasis, Biomphalaria alexandrina and Bulinus truncatus. The electrophoretic pattern of total protein showed differences in number and molecular weights of protein bands. Furthermore, DNA concentration was investigated by measuring the intensity of the genomic bands that showed an increase in infected and treated target-snails. Degradation of protein and high intensity of DNA after treatment with LC90 of E. splendens, Z. spina-christi and A. maritime extracts introduce these plants as effective molluscicidal agents.

Invasive snails, parasite spillback, and potential parasite spillover drive parasitic diseases of Hippopotamus amphibius in artificial lakes of Zimbabwe.

Abstract: Humans impose a significant pressure on large herbivore populations, such as hippopotami, through hunting, poaching, and habitat destruction. Anthropogenic pressures can also occur indirectly, such as artificial lake creation and the subsequent introduction of invasive species that alter the ecosystem. These events can lead to drastic changes in parasite diversity and transmission, but generally receive little scientific attention. In order to document and identify trematode parasites of the common hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius) in artificial water systems of Zimbabwe, we applied an integrative taxonomic approach, combining molecular diagnostics and morphometrics on archived and new samples. In doing so, we provide DNA reference sequences of the hippopotamus liver fluke Fasciola nyanzae, enabling us to construct the first complete Fasciola phylogeny. We describe parasite spillback of F. nyanzae by the invasive freshwater snail Pseudosuccinea columella, as a consequence of a cascade of biological invasions in Lake Kariba, one of the biggest artificial lakes in the world. Additionally, we report an unknown stomach fluke of the hippopotamus transmitted by the non-endemic snail Radix aff. plicatula, an Asian snail species that has not been found in Africa before, and the stomach fluke Carmyerius cruciformis transmitted by the native snail Bulinus truncatus. Finally, Biomphalaria pfeifferi and two Bulinus species were found as new snail hosts for the poorly documented hippopotamus blood fluke Schistosoma edwardiense. Our findings indicate that artificial lakes are breeding grounds for endemic and non-endemic snails that transmit trematode parasites of the common hippopotamus. This has important implications, as existing research links trematode parasite infections combined with other stressors to declining wild herbivore populations. Therefore, we argue that monitoring the anthropogenic impact on parasite transmission should become an integral part of wildlife conservation efforts.

Application of Some Aqueous Plant Extracts as Molluscicidal Agents on Bulinus truncatus Snails in Sudan

Abstract: Although schistosomiasis is spreading in new areas in Sudan, there are no proper programmes of control adopted neither by the government nor by the international organization. The promising results of many indigenous plants as molluscisidal could be promoted to be used in the biological control. Plants are known to be manufacturing chemical substances that are used for own defense from attacks by insects, bacteria, fungi and viruses. These chemicals are the nature inventory that can be utilized against similar organisms. Laboratory evaluation of the molluscicidal of leaf extract from Calotropis procera and Nicotiana tabacum and the seed of Trigonella foenum plants were carried out against Bulinus truncatus snails. The results of mortality were statistically analyzed using probit analysis. The assessment of the lethal concentration for 50 and 95% of the snail was tested (LC50 and LC95). The low values of LC95 against adult, juveniles and egg masses of snails were recorded in Calotropis procera being 1100, 483 and 31ppm respectively. Comparing the LC95 values of the water extracts of the three plants against adult snails, showed high activity for Calotropis procera plant (1100ppm), followed by Nicotiana tabacum plant (1386ppm), as well as Trigonella foenum plant (2085ppm). These three plant extracts are recommended to be used as molluscicidal agents.

A comparative study of the shedding of cercariae of Schistosoma haematobium in newborn Bulinus truncatus

Abstract: A comparative study of the shedding of cercariae ofSchistosoma haematobium was performed inBulinus truncatus andPlanorbarius metidjensis individually exposed to 5 miracidia in their first 72 h of life. No significant difference was noted between the mean values of the two snail groups concerning the prepatent period duration (53–57 days at 24°–26°C), the patent period duration (41 days forB. truncatus, 70 days forP. metidjensis), or the total number of cercariae (1, 499 perB. truncatus 1,935 perP. metidjensis). Successive periods of heavy and low production were encountered in the shedding of cercariae; however, the periodicity was identical in the two snail species (25–27 days) and the emergence of cercariae peaked between 11 a.m. and 1 p.m.

The effect of ecological parameters on the distribution of snail vectors of schistosomiasis.

Abstract: The infestation of the water courses showed 32.5% for Biomphalaria alexandrina and 8.75% for Bulinus truncatus. Ecological parameters, showed non significant variations in the water courses harbouring snail vectors and those free from snails except for conductivity in the habitats harbouring B. truncatus. This variation was more highly significant (p<0.001). Of the examined sites, 11.25% were harbouring B. alexandrina and Lymnaea natalenesis living together and 5% of the sites were harbouring B. truncatus and Physa acuta snails. Snail vectors were distributed with different degrees with aquatic plants reflecting the degree of species preference plants for snails' life.