Topic
Bulinus truncatus
About: Bulinus truncatus is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 414 publications have been published within this topic receiving 5640 citations.
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01 Jan 1990
TL;DR: In this article, the authors described the Schistosomiasis control operations carried out between 1983 and 1988 in Saudi Arabia, together with information of the impact of the Schisomiasis.
Abstract: Schistosomiasis control operations carried out between 1983 and 1988 are described, together with information of the impact of schistosomiasis. The prevalence of schistosomiasis has declined from 9.5% in 1983 to 1.8% in 1988 (P<0.05). Bulinus truncatus, B. beccarii, and B. reticulatus wrighti are the intermediate hosts of S. haematobium in Saudi Arabia and are distributed unevenly in the different regions. Biomphalaria arabica is the intermediate host of S. mansoni and is found wherever the disease is endemic. The influx of expatriate workers from countries where schistosomiasis is endemic, inaccessible water sources, the constant movement of large numbers of bedouins in some regions, and manpower shortages in some regions are considered to be the main obstacles for schistosomiasis control programmes in Saudi Arabia.
5 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Experiments appear to show that isolation of individual bulinid snails does not diminish, but may actually increase, their egg-laying capacity in comparison with that of grouped snails; this suggests that, even if the snail population were drastically reduced by treatment of the canals and all further importation of snails rendered impossible, the snails population would nevertheless soon renew itself from the few individuals remaining.
Abstract: This paper presents some results of field and laboratory studies on Bulinus truncatus, the snail intermediate host of urinary bilharziasis in Iraq, made in 1958 as part of the work of the WHO Bilharziasis Control Project in that country.
Observations on the linear distribution and size composition of Bulinus populations in the canals of central Iraq indicate that molluscicides might most suitably be applied in May before the entire snail population reaches breeding size, or early in November when most snails are juveniles. However, laboratory experiments appear to show that isolation of individual bulinid snails does not diminish, but may actually increase, their egg-laying capacity in comparison with that of grouped snails; this suggests that, even if the snail population were drastically reduced by treatment of the canals and all further importation of snails rendered impossible, the snail population would nevertheless soon renew itself from the few individuals remaining.
Results are also given of laboratory experiments on egg masses, hatching and growth of B. truncatus and on the egg-laying of random populations of that snail.
5 citations
TL;DR: Significant genetic differentiation was found among the seven freshwater bodies; private alleles were observed across all loci indicating restricted or absence of gene flow between populations, and low genetic variation within B. truncatus populations exposes them to a high parasite infection risk as predicted in the Red Queen hypothesis.
Abstract: Genetic variability within and among Bulinus truncatus of the Albertine Rift freshwater bodies were assessed to investigate the degree of inbreeding and gene flow in the snail populations. The effect of ploidy on the genetic structuring of B. truncatus is also described. We characterized the genetic structure of seven B. truncatus populations from Lake Albert, Lake Kivu, and Katosho swamp in Tanzania using five polymorphic microsatellite loci. Genetic differentiation was quantified using pairwise FST values and Nei’s standard genetic distances. Different alleles were observed across all loci and genetic diversity was low although it varied greatly across populations; observed heterozygosity was, however, higher than the expected heterozygosity in three of the populations studied. Significant heterozygote deficiencies were observed coupled with significant linkage disequilibria in five populations for all the five loci examined in this study. We found significant genetic differentiation among the seven freshwater bodies; private alleles were observed across all loci indicating restricted or absence of gene flow between populations. Limited snail dispersal and the reproductive biology of B. truncatus are the major forces shaping the genetic variation observed. Low genetic variation within B. truncatus populations exposes them to a high parasite infection risk as predicted in the Red Queen hypothesis.
5 citations
TL;DR: This poster presents a poster presented at the 2016 International Conference of the American Academy of Parasitic Diseases on Parasites and Vector Control in Chicago, USA, presenting a poster designed to demonstrate the power of small sample sizes to improve the quality of research.
Abstract: Controlling the snail intermediate hosts of schistosomiasis is an efficient and rapid method for reducing or eliminating the transmission of this disease. The present study aimed to assess the molluscicidal activity of Luowei/TDS 4% against Biomphalaria alexandrina and Bulinus truncatus under semi-field and field conditions in Egypt. Moreover, its effect on Schistosoma mansoni miracidial viability and infectivity to B. alexandrina snails and on cercarial production from infected snails were evaluated. In the present study, miracidia of Schistosoma mansoni and S. haematobium were exposed to sublethal concentrations of Luowi/TDS 4% and miracidial mortality rates in the test and control groups were recorded. The effect of exposure to LC10 and LC25 of Luowei/TDS 4% after 1, 2 and 3 weeks of B. alexandrina infection with miracidia on their cercarial production was determined. The molluscicidal activity of 2LC90Luowei/TDS 4% against B. alexandrina and B. truncatus was tested under semi-field and field conditions. Luowei/TDS 4% exhibited a promising molluscicidal potency against B. alexandrina and B. truncatus as their LC90 values were considerably low, 2.851 and 1.936 mg/L, respectively, after 24 h of exposure. Moreover, infection rates of B. alexandrina with S. mansoni and cercarial production from snails exposed to LC10 and LC25 of Luowei/TDS 4% post miracidial exposure were reduced. Moreover, Luowei/TDS 4% at semi-field and field trials proved to be a potent molluscicidal agent against schistosomiasis intermediate host snails as mortality rates of free and caged sentinel snails from these trials were considerably high ranging from 87% to 100% after 24 h of treatment with 5.702 mg/L (2LC90 for B. alexandrina snails). Luowei/TDS 4% should be considered as a candidate molluscicide in schistosomiasis control programs. Implementation of this plant molluscicide in operational schistosomiasis control strategies will minimize the ecological side-effects associated with replacing synesthetic chemicals.
5 citations
Dissertation•
01 Aug 2001
TL;DR: The higher the salinity, the lower the hatchability of eggs and the effect of salinity on the survival and growth of adults and juveniles was studied.
Abstract: Bulinus truncatus and Biomphalariapfeifferi were cultured in varying concentrations ofseawater to study the effect of salinity on the survival and growth of adults and juveniles. The eggs were investigated for their hatchability. The experiment was conducted over a period o f seven weeks for the snails while the eggs were studied over a two week period. Daily and weekly percentage mortality were determined . Weekly changes in weight and shell length was determined and used as an index of growth. Eggs of the snails were in culture medium for a minimum o f two weeks. Salinity affected the mortality of the snails (i.e. high salinities caused high mortalities o f the snails). Salinities of 3.5% to 1.7% did not significantly affect weight but significantly affected shell length, (i.e. the snails increased in shell length). Salinity affected the hatching ability of the eggs of the snails. The higher the salinity, the lower the hatchability of eggs. University of Ghana http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh
5 citations