Showing papers on "Burnout published in 2006"
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed that there are two parallel processes involved in work-related well-being among teachers, namely an energetical process (i.e., job demands→ burnout/engagement→ ill health) and a motivational process.
2,445 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors assess the frequency of self-perceived medical errors among resident physicians and determine the association of perceived medical errors with resident quality of life, burnout, depression, and empathy using validated metrics.
Abstract: ContextMedical errors are associated with feelings of distress in physicians, but little is known about the magnitude and direction of these associations.ObjectiveTo assess the frequency of self-perceived medical errors among resident physicians and to determine the association of self-perceived medical errors with resident quality of life, burnout, depression, and empathy using validated metrics.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsProspective longitudinal cohort study of categorical and preliminary internal medicine residents at Mayo Clinic Rochester. Data were provided by 184 (84%) of 219 eligible residents. Participants began training in the 2003-2004, 2004-2005, and 2005-2006 academic years and completed surveys quarterly through May 2006. Surveys included self-assessment of medical errors and linear analog scale assessment of quality of life every 3 months, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (depersonalization, emotional exhaustion, and personal accomplishment), Interpersonal Reactivity Index, and a validated depression screening tool every 6 months.Main Outcome MeasuresFrequency of self-perceived medical errors was recorded. Associations of an error with quality of life, burnout, empathy, and symptoms of depression were determined using generalized estimating equations for repeated measures.ResultsThirty-four percent of participants reported making at least 1 major medical error during the study period. Making a medical error in the previous 3 months was reported by a mean of 14.7% of participants at each quarter. Self-perceived medical errors were associated with a subsequent decrease in quality of life (P = .02) and worsened measures in all domains of burnout (P = .002 for each). Self-perceived errors were associated with an odds ratio of screening positive for depression at the subsequent time point of 3.29 (95% confidence interval, 1.90-5.64). In addition, increased burnout in all domains and reduced empathy were associated with increased odds of self-perceived error in the following 3 months (P=.001, P<.001, and P=.02 for depersonalization, emotional exhaustion, and lower personal accomplishment, respectively; P=.02 and P=.01 for emotive and cognitive empathy, respectively).ConclusionsSelf-perceived medical errors are common among internal medicine residents and are associated with substantial subsequent personal distress. Personal distress and decreased empathy are also associated with increased odds of future self-perceived errors, suggesting that perceived errors and distress may be related in a reciprocal cycle.
1,190 citations
TL;DR: A meta-analysis of the social support and burnout literature finds that social support, as a resource, did not yield different relationships across the 3 burnout dimensions, challenging the COR model.
Abstract: The Conservation of Resources (COR) model of burnout (Hobfoll & Freedy, 1993) suggests that resources are differentially related to burnout dimensions. In this paper, I provide a meta-analysis of the social support and burnout literature, finding that social support, as a resource, did not yield different relationships across the 3 burnout dimensions (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment), challenging the COR model. However, when considering the source of the social support (work vs. nonwork) as a moderator, I found that work-related sources of social support, because of their more direct relationship to work demands, were more closely associated with exhaustion than depersonalization or personal accomplishment; the opposite pattern was found with nonwork sources of support. I discuss the implications of this finding in relation to the COR model and suggest future research directions to clarify the relationship between resources and burnout dimensions.
1,024 citations
TL;DR: Evidence supporting several potential mechanisms linking burnout with ill health, including the metabolic syndrome, dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis along with sympathetic nervous system activation, sleep disturbances, systemic inflammation, impaired immunity functions, blood coagulation and fibrinolysis, and poor health behaviors is presented.
Abstract: Burnout is characterized by emotional exhaustion, physical fatigue, and cognitive weariness, resulting from prolonged exposure to work-related stress. The authors review the accumulated evidence suggesting that burnout and the related concept of vital exhaustion are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular-related events. The authors present evidence supporting several potential mechanisms linking burnout with ill health, including the metabolic syndrome, dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis along with sympathetic nervous system activation, sleep disturbances, systemic inflammation, impaired immunity functions, blood coagulation and fibrinolysis, and poor health behaviors. The association of burnout and vital exhaustion with these disease mediators suggests that their impact on health may be more extensive than currently indicated.
843 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the core burnout and engagement dimensions can be seen as opposites of each other along two distinct bipolar dimensions dubbed energy and identification, and the results obtained by means of the nonparametric Mokken scaling method in three different samples (Ns = 477, 507, and 381) supported their proposal.
833 citations
TL;DR: Patient safety outcomes are suggested to be related to the quality of the nursing practice work environment and nursing leadership's role in changing the work environment to decrease nurse burnout.
Abstract: Objective:To test a theoretical model of professional nurse work environments linking conditions for professional nursing practice to burnout and, subsequently, patient safety outcomes.Background:The 2004 Institute of Medicine report raised serious concerns about the impact of hospital restructuring
754 citations
TL;DR: The study results underline the importance of the role of psychosocial work environment and the interrelationships among burnout, role conflict, job satisfaction and psychosomatic health among Hungarian health care staff.
579 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined whether burnout and its positive antipode, work engagement, could be differentiated on the basis of personality and temperament, and found that high neuroticism is the core characteristic of burnout, whereas work engagement is characterized by low neuroticism in combination with high extraversion and high levels of mobility.
559 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the construct validity of the MaslachBurnout Inventory (MBI-GS), the most popular measure of burnout, and that of the Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure (SMBM).
Abstract: Arie ShiromTel Aviv UniversitySamuel MelamedTel Aviv University and National Institute of Occupational & EnvironmentalHealthThe authors studied certain aspects of the construct validity of the MaslachBurnout InventoryGeneral Survey (MBI-GS), the most popular measure ofburnout, and that of the Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure (SMBM). Theseburnout measures were compared with respect to their psychometric char-acteristics and factorial validity in two groups of professionals, humanservice and other professionals (N 196 and 226, respectively), whocompleted questionnaires at work. As hypothesized, the con rmatory factoranalyses supported a two-factor and a three-factor structure invarianceacross the two groups considered for the SMBM and the MBI-GS, respec-tively, with superior t found for the SMBM.
558 citations
TL;DR: In the present study of 80 volunteer counselors who cared for terminally ill patients, the authors examined the relationship between burnout as measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the 5 basic personality factors to suggest personality may help to protect against known risks of developing burnout in volunteer human service work.
Abstract: In the present study of 80 volunteer counselors who cared for terminally ill patients, the authors examined the relationship between burnout as measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory (C. Maslach, S. E. Jackson, & M. P. Leiter, 1996) and the 5 basic (Big Five) personality factors (A. A. J. Hendriks, 1997): extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and intellect/autonomy. The results of 3 separate stepwise multiple regression analyses showed that (a) emotional exhaustion is uniquely predicted by emotional stability; (b) depersonalization is predicted by emotional stability, extraversion, and intellect/autonomy; and (c) personal accomplishment is predicted by extraversion and emotional stability. In addition, some of the basic personality factors moderated the relationship between relative number of negative experiences and burnout, suggesting that personality may help to protect against known risks of developing burnout in volunteer human service work.
534 citations
TL;DR: This paper investigated the crossover of burnout and work engagement among 2,229 Royal Dutch constabulary officers, working in one of 85 teams, and found that team-level burnout is related to individual team members' burnout (i.e., exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced professional efficacy).
Abstract: This study investigates the crossover of burnout and work engagement among 2,229 Royal Dutch constabulary officers, working in one of 85 teams. The authors hypothesized that both states may transfer from teams to individual team members. The results of multilevel analyses confirm this crossover phenomenon by showing that team-level burnout and work engagement are related to individual team members’ burnout (i.e., exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced professional efficacy) and work engagement (vigor, dedication, and absorption), after controlling for individual members’ job demands and resources. The implications of these findings for interventions aimed at the promotion of employee well-being are discussed.
TL;DR: Despite the notion that burnout is primarily linked to work-related stress, personal life events also demonstrated a strong relationship to professional burnout, suggesting both personal and curricular factors are related to burnout among medical students.
Abstract: Purpose Burnout, a marker of professional distress prevalent among residents and physicians, has been speculated to originate in medical school. Little is known about burnout in medical students. The authors sought to identify the prevalence of burnout, variation of its prevalence during medical school, and the impact of personal life events on burnout and other types of student distress. Method All medical students (n 1,098) attending the three medical schools in Minnesota were surveyed in spring 2004 using validated instruments to assess burnout, quality of life, depression, and alcohol use. Students were also asked about the prevalence of positive and negative personal life events in the previous 12 months. Results A total of 545 medical students (response rate 50%) completed the survey. Burnout was present in 239 (45%) of medical students. While the frequency of a positive depression screen and at-risk alcohol use decreased among more senior students, the frequency of burnout increased (all p .03). The number of negative personal life events in the last 12 months also correlated with the risk of burnout (p .0160). Personal life events demonstrated a stronger relationship to burnout than did year in training on multivariate analysis. Conclusions
TL;DR: Figley et al. as discussed by the authors used a self-report instrument developed by Stamm and Figley to measure the risk of compassion fatigue and burnout and the potential for compassion satisfaction among 363 child protection staff participating in a secondary trauma training seminar.
TL;DR: Given the association between chronic sleep deprivation and mood disturbances during internship, outcome assessment is warranted to see if duty-hour reform will translate into more hours slept or fewer hours worked, coincident with improved mood.
Abstract: PurposeTo explore the relationships between sleep deprivation and the evolution of mood disturbances, empathy, and burnout among a cohort of interns.MethodIn 2002–03, 47 interns in the internal medicine resident program at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine completed the follo
TL;DR: In this article, a systematic literature search identified 16 studies dealing with the burnout-performance relationship, and a meta-analysis was conducted to obtain mean correlations between exhaustion and in-role behavior.
Abstract: Previous research has suggested that high levels of burnout lead to impaired functioning on the job. However, as this research has usually relied on self-reported performance, it is imperative to examine whether this association is also confirmed when using “objective” performance data (e.g., supervisor reports). This study reviewed previous research on the associations between burnout (exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment) and various types of objective performance. A systematic literature search identified 16 studies dealing with the burnout–performance relationship. These studies showed the wide variety of approaches that are used to study burnout and objective performance. Using data from these 16 studies, a meta-analysis was conducted to obtain mean correlations. The meta-analytical correlations between exhaustion and in-role behaviour (based on five studies), organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB; five studies), and customer satisfaction (two studies) were −.22, −....
TL;DR: In this paper, two studies including 108 nurses and 101 police officers tested the proposition that emotionally demanding interactions with recipients may result in emotional dissonance which, in turn, may lead to job burnout and impaired performance.
Abstract: Two studies including 108 nurses and 101 police officers tested the proposition that emotionally demanding interactions with recipients may result in emotional dissonance, which, in turn, may lead to job burnout and impaired performance. More specifically, on the basis of the literature on burnout and emotional dissonance, the authors hypothesized that emotional job demands would explain variance in burnout (i.e., exhaustion and cynicism/disengagement) through their influence on emotional dissonance. In addition, the authors predicted that emotional dissonance would be (negatively) related to in-role performance through its relationship with burnout. The findings of a series of structural equation modeling analyses supported both hypotheses. The implications for research and practice are discussed, as well as avenues for additional research. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved).
TL;DR: Although the mandated restriction of resident duty hours has had no measurable impact on the quality of patient care and has led to improvements for the current quality of life of residents, there are many concerns with regards to the training of professional, responsible surgeons for the future.
Abstract: Objective: To assess the impact of the 80-hour resident workweek restrictions on surgical residents and attending surgeons. Background Data: The ACGME mandated resident duty hour restrictions have required a major workforce restructuring. The impact of these changes needs to be critically evaluated for both the resident and attending surgeons, specifically with regards to the impact on motivation, job satisfaction, the quality of surgeon training, the quality of the surgeon's life, and the quality of patient care. Methods: Four prospective studies were performed at a single academic surgical program with data collected both before the necessary workforce restructuring and 1 year after, including: 1) time cards to assess changes in components of daily activity; 2) Web-based surveys using validated instruments to assess burnout and motivation to work; 3) structured, taped, one-on-one interviews with an external PhD investigator; and 4) statistical analyses of objective, quantitative data. Results: After the work-hour changes, surgical residents have decreased "burnout" scores, with significantly less "emotional exhaustion" (Maslach Burnout Inventory: 29.1 "high" vs. 23.1 "medium," P = 0.02). Residents have better quality of life both in and out of the hospital. They felt they got more sleep, have a lighter workload, and have increased motivation to work (Herzberg Motivation Dimensions). We found no measurable, statistically significant difference in the quality of patient care (NSQIP data). Resident training and education objectively were not statistically diminished (ACGME case logs, ABSITE scores). Attending surgeons perceived that their quality of their life inside and outside of the hospital was "somewhat worse" because of the work-hour changes, as they had anticipated. Many concerns were identified with regards to the professional development of future surgeons, including a change toward a shift-worker mentality that is not patient-focused, less continuity of care with a loss of critical information with each handoff, and a decrease in the patient/doctor relationship. Conclusion: Although the mandated restriction of resident duty hours has had no measurable impact on the quality of patient care and has led to improvements for the current quality of life of residents, there are many concerns with regards to the training of professional, responsible surgeons for the future.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of teaching stressors on teacher burnout and the role of self-efficacy and school coping resources as mediator or moderator variables in the stressor-burnout relationship was investigated in Spanish secondary school teachers.
Abstract: The relationships among teacher occupational stressors, self‐efficacy, coping resources, and burnout were investigated in a sample of 247 Spanish secondary school teachers. Concretely, two specific aims were formulated in order to examine the effect of teaching stressors on teacher burnout and the role of self‐efficacy and school coping resources as mediator or moderator variables in the stressor–burnout relationship. Teachers reported that when their pedagogical practice in the school setting was being interfered with or hindered by a set of factors from the multiple contexts involved in students’ learning, problems of burnout occurred. In addition, results revealed that teachers with a high level of self‐efficacy and more coping resources reported suffering less stress and burnout than teachers with a low level of self‐efficacy and fewer coping resources, and vice versa.
TL;DR: Possible strategies to strengthen predictors of intention to remain employed include employment practices that reflect moral integrity, incorporate clear communication systems, maximize employee involvement in decision-making, promote praise and recognition, and establish a shared vision and goals.
Abstract: Aim. This paper reports a study testing a hypothesized model of the determinants of nurse intention to remain employed in current hospitals of employment.
Background. Previous research has shown that stronger nurse intention to remain employed is associated with higher job satisfaction, higher organizational commitment, higher perceived manager support, lower burnout, higher work group cohesion, being older, having more years of nursing experience and having lower levels of education.
Methods. A descriptive survey design was adopted. Over 13,000 Ontario, Canada nurses were invited to complete a mailed survey between February and May 2003. The Ontario Nurse Survey includes instruments and items measuring job satisfaction, burnout, professional nursing practice environment, demographic characteristics of nurse respondents and items about intention to remain employed. Two multiple regression models, one including all variables and the other using a stepwise method, were used to test the proposed model.
Results. Regression models explained 34% of variance in nurse intention to remain employed. The strongest predictors were nurse age, overall nurse job satisfaction and years of employment in the current hospital. Although the proposed model hypothesized six categories of predictors of intention to remain employed, only four of these were statistically significant determinants of nurse intention to remain: job satisfaction, personal characteristics of nurses, work group cohesion and collaboration, and organizational commitment of nurses. The other two categories of predictors, nurse burnout and nurse manager ability and support, may be predictors of job satisfaction and have indirect effects on intention to remain employed that are mediated through job satisfaction.
Conclusion. Possible strategies to strengthen predictors of intention to remain employed include employment practices that reflect moral integrity, incorporate clear communication systems, maximize employee involvement in decision-making, promote praise and recognition, and establish a shared vision and goals.
TL;DR: The findings indicate that the study design and methods are adequate for the upcoming prospective analyses of aetiology and consequences of burnout and of the impact of workplace interventions.
Abstract: Aim: To present the theoretical framework, design, methods, and baseline findings of the first Danish study on determinants and consequences of burnout, and the impact of workplace interventions in...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify the specific sources of occupational stress and the professional burnout experienced by teachers working in Greek primary and secondary schools, and a special emphasis is given to gender and age differences.
Abstract: – To identify the specific sources of occupational stress and the professional burnout experienced by teachers working in Greek primary and secondary schools. A special emphasis is given to gender and age differences. Design/methodology/approach – A cross‐sectional design was used. Two self‐report measures were administered to a sample of 493 primary and secondary school teachers, a self‐report rating scale of specific occupational stressors and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (education version)., – The most highly rated sources of stress referred to problems in interaction with students, lack of interest, low attainment and handling students with “difficult” behaviour. Female teachers experienced significantly higher levels of occupational stress, specifically with regard to interaction with students and colleagues, workload, students' progress and emotional exhaustion. Younger teachers experienced higher levels of burnout, specifically in terms of emotional exhaustion and disengagement from the profession, while older teachers experienced higher levels of stress in terms of the support they feel they receive from the government., – The findings will help to implement effective primary and secondary level prevention programmes against occupational stress taking into account how males and females and younger and older teachers perceive stress at work., – The study is a significant addition to the teacher stress and burnout literature, especially in Greece where few relevant studies exist dealing with these problems.
TL;DR: Examination of the relationship between burnout and physical illness in a representative nationwide population health study in Finland found that burnout is associated with musculoskeletal diseases among women and with cardiovascular diseases among men.
TL;DR: Stress and burnout, excessive job demands, limited latitude in decision-making, and unhappiness about the place of MHSWs in modern services contributed to poor job satisfaction and most aspects of burnout.
Abstract: Background Previous research suggests that social workers experience high levels of stress and burnout but most remain committed to their work.
Aims To examine the prevalence of stress and burnout, and job satisfaction among mental health social workers (MHSWs) and the factors responsible for this.
Method A postal survey incorporating the General Health Questionnaire, Maslach Burnout Inventory, Karasek Job Content Questionnaire and a job satisfaction measure was sent to 610 MHSWs in England and Wales.
Results Eligible respondents ( n =237) reported high levels of stress and emotional exhaustion and low levels of job satisfaction; 111 (47%) showed significant symptomatology and distress, which is twice the level reported by similar surveys of psychiatrists. Feeling undervalued at work, excessive job demands, limited latitude in decision-making, and unhappiness about the place of MHSWs in modern services contributed to the poor job satisfaction and most aspects of burnout. Those who had approved social worker status had greater dissatisfaction.
Conclusions Stress may exacerbate recruitment and retention problems. Employers must recognise the demands placed upon MHSWs and value their contribution to mental health services.
TL;DR: It is suggested that the Leader's empowering behaviours can enhance person-job fit and prevent burnout and have important implications in the current nursing shortage.
Abstract: Efforts to improve nursing working conditions are critical to retaining nurses currently in the system and attracting newcomers to the profession (Laschinger et al. 2003b). The nurse leader's empowering behaviours can be pivotal in the way nurses react to their work environment. The purpose of this study was to test a model examining the relationship between nurse leaders' empowerment behaviours, perceptions of staff empowerment, areas of work life and work engagement using Kanter's theory of structural power in organizations. A cross-sectional correlational survey design tested the model in a random sample of 322 staff nurses in acute care hospitals across Ontario. Overall, staff nurses perceived their leaders' behaviours to be somewhat empowering and their work environment to be moderately empowering. Fifty-three percent reported severe levels of burnout. Leader empowering behaviour had an indirect effect on emotional exhaustion (burnout) through structural empowerment and overall fit in the six areas of work life. The final model statistics revealed a good fit (chi(2)=30.4, chi=3, chi=0.96, chi=0.95, chi=0.95). These findings suggest that the Leader's empowering behaviours can enhance person-job fit and prevent burnout. These findings have important implications in the current nursing shortage.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the Dutch Questionnaire on Emotional Labor (D-QEL) that measures: (1) surface acting, (2) deep acting, suppression, and emotional consonance.
Abstract: Teaching is a profession that involves a high level of emotional labour. This includes such behaviours as surface acting (displaying an emotion that is not actually felt), deep acting (the activity undertaken to actually feel a required emotion), and suppression of emotion. In many professions, this emotional labour is thought to be related to high levels of burnout. The aim of our study was to show that emotional labour has a unique relationship with burnout that is separate from its relationship with the variables of the Demand Control Support (DCS) model. Emotional labour was studied, together with the variables of the Karasek Job Demand Control Support model, in a random sample of 365 mathematics teachers in the Netherlands. We used the Dutch Questionnaire on Emotional Labor (D-QEL) that measures: (1) surface acting, (2) deep acting, (3) suppression, and (4) emotional consonance. In line with other studies, job characteristics were found to be specifically related to emotional exhaustion. Sur...
TL;DR: This article investigated the relationship among four components of emotional intelligence (emotional appraisal, positive regulation, empathic sensitivity, and positive utilization) and three components of teacher burnout, and found that emotional exhaustion, influenced by emotional appraisal and positive regulation was causally prior to depersonalization and personal accomplishment.
TL;DR: A nursing worklife model that defined structured relationships among professional practice environment qualities and burnout was tested and provided support for a structural model linking the five worklife factors used to define a fundamental role for nursing leadership in determining the quality of worklife.
Abstract: Background Research has established clear links between nurses' experience of professional burnout and many qualities of work environments but more work is needed to clarify interrelationships among aspects of complex organizational settings. Objective To test a nursing worklife model that defined structured relationships among professional practice environment qualities and burnout. Methods Hospital-based nurses in Canada (N = 8,597) completed an assessment of worklife (Nursing Work Index, NWI) and burnout (Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service Scale, MBI-HSS). Results A causal model was used to confirm the factor structure of the Professional Environment Scale (NWI-PES) on a subset of NWI items and the factor structure of the MBI-HSS. The analysis provided support for a structural model (nursing worklife model) linking the five worklife factors used to define a fundamental role for nursing leadership in determining the quality of worklife regarding policy involvement, staffing levels, support for a nursing model of care, and physician-nurse relationships. The analysis supported a direct path (negatively weighted) from staffing to emotional exhaustion and a direct path (positively weighted) from nursing model of care to personal accomplishment. Discussion Implications for refining a model of worklife are discussed. Implications for enhancing the quality of worklife and supporting engagement with work are considered.
TL;DR: In school teachers, burnout syndrome, a construct that derived from occupational psychology and occupational medicine, is significantly correlated with psychological and psychosomatic symptoms.
Abstract: Objectives: Psychosomatic disorders and symptoms that correlate with the so-called burnout syndrome turned out to be the main cause of increasing rates of premature retirement of school teachers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation between occupational burden and psychological strain of teachers who are still in work. Methods: A sample of 408 teachers at ten grammar schools (am: High school; German: Gymnasium) in south-western Germany was evaluated. To determine the styles of coping with occupational burden we used the measure of coping capacity questionnaire (MECCA). To analyse the psychopathological and psychosomatic symptom load we applied SCL 90 R questionnaire. Results: According to the MECCA questionnaire, 32.5% of the sample suffered from burnout (type B), 17.7% suffered severe strain (type A), 35.9% showed an unambitious (type S) and 13.8% showed a healthy-ambitious coping style (type G). Burnout was significantly higher among women, divorced teachers and teachers working part-time. As part of the MECCA, teachers were asked to rate what they regarded as the strongest factor resulting in occupational burden. Teachers indicated that, besides high numbers of pupils in one class, they regarded destructive and aggressive behaviour of pupils as the primary stress factor. According to the SCL 90 R, 20% of the sample showed a severe degree (defined as >70 points in the SCL90R GSI) of psychological and psychosomatic symptoms. MECCA type B (burnout) correlated significantly with high psychological and psychosomatic symptom load according to the SCL90R. Conclusions: In school teachers, burnout syndrome, a construct that derived from occupational psychology and occupational medicine, is significantly correlated with psychological and psychosomatic symptoms. Teachers rate destructive and aggressive behaviour of pupils as the primary stress factor.
TL;DR: In this article, a model in which perceived overload and burnout mediated the relations of workload and autonomy with physicians' quality of care to their patients was examined, and the authors found that the paths from the first order factors of emotional exhaustion, physical fatigue, and cognitive weariness predicted quality-of-care negatively, positively, and nonsignificantly, respectively.
Abstract: A model in which perceived overload and burnout mediated the relations of workload and autonomy with physicians' quality of care to their patients was examined. The study was based on data from 890 specialists representing six medical specialties. Including global burnout as well as its three first-order facets of physical fatigue, cognitive weariness, and emotional exhaustion improved the fit between the structural model and the data relative to an alternative model that included only global burnout. Workload (number of work hours) indirectly predicted quality of care through perceived overload. Additionally, the authors found that the paths from the first order factors of emotional exhaustion, physical fatigue, and cognitive weariness predicted quality of care negatively, positively, and nonsignificantly, respectively.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the impact of transformational leaders on job stress and burnout and found that the degree of perceived burnout is related to the type of leadership employed by managers.
Abstract: Purpose – To examine the impact of transformational‐leadership on job stress (JS) and the impact of (JS) on burnout.Design/methodology/approach – Hospitality industry employees were interviewed regarding the type of leadership used by their managers, the stress they felt due to their jobs, and the degree to which they felt they were “burned out.”Findings – Degree of perceived burnout is related to degree of perceived stress and degree of perceived stress is related to type of leadership employed by managers.Practical implications – If employees perceive that their managers are using transformational‐leadership, (JS) is perceived as less than if it is perceived as not being used. Given the costs associated with employee replacement, reduced burnout means a reduction in those costs. And, the social and economic cost to society of treating employees who are “burned out” is reduced.Originality/value – This paper shows that the relationship between type of leadership, (JS) and burnout is not only the province ...