Showing papers on "Burnout published in 2016"
TL;DR: Considering that the treatment goal for burnout is usually to enable people to return to their job, and to be successful in their work, psychiatry could make an important contribution by identifying the treatment strategies that would be most effective in achieving that goal.
1,551 citations
TL;DR: The literature indicates that both individual-focused and structural or organisational strategies can result in clinically meaningful reductions in burnout among physicians, and further research is needed to establish which interventions are most effective in specific populations.
1,362 citations
TL;DR: Poor wellbeing and moderate to high levels of burnout are associated, in the majority of studies reviewed, with poor patient safety outcomes such as medical errors, however the lack of prospective studies reduces the ability to determine causality.
Abstract: Objective To determine whether there is an association between healthcare professionals’ wellbeing and burnout, with patient safety. Design Systematic research review. Data Sources PsychInfo (1806 to July 2015), Medline (1946 to July 2015), Embase (1947 to July 2015) and Scopus (1823 to July 2015) were searched, along with reference lists of eligible articles. Eligibility Criteria for Selecting Studies Quantitative, empirical studies that included i) either a measure of wellbeing or burnout, and ii) patient safety, in healthcare staff populations. Results Forty-six studies were identified. Sixteen out of the 27 studies that measured wellbeing found a significant correlation between poor wellbeing and worse patient safety, with six additional studies finding an association with some but not all scales used, and one study finding a significant association but in the opposite direction to the majority of studies. Twenty-one out of the 30 studies that measured burnout found a significant association between burnout and patient safety, whilst a further four studies found an association between one or more (but not all) subscales of the burnout measures employed, and patient safety. Conclusions Poor wellbeing and moderate to high levels of burnout are associated, in the majority of studies reviewed, with poor patient safety outcomes such as medical errors, however the lack of prospective studies reduces the ability to determine causality. Further prospective studies, research in primary care, conducted within the UK, and a clearer definition of healthcare staff wellbeing are needed. Implications This review illustrates the need for healthcare organisations to consider improving employees’ mental health as well as creating safer work environments when planning interventions to improve patient safety. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO registration number: CRD42015023340.
914 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the consequences of teacher self-efficacy for the quality of classroom processes, students' academic adjustment, and teachers' psychological well-being were explored. But, negative associations were found between TSE and burnout factors.
Abstract: This study integrates 40 years of teacher self-efficacy (TSE) research to explore the consequences of TSE for the quality of classroom processes, students’ academic adjustment, and teachers’ psychological well-being. Via a criteria-based review approach, 165 eligible articles were included for analysis. Results suggest that TSE shows positive links with students’ academic adjustment, patterns of teacher behavior and practices related to classroom quality, and factors underlying teachers’ psychological well-being, including personal accomplishment, job satisfaction, and commitment. Negative associations were found between TSE and burnout factors. Last, a small number of studies indicated indirect effects between TSE and academic adjustment, through instructional support, and between TSE and psychological well-being, through classroom organization. Possible explanations for the findings and gaps in the measurement and analysis of TSE in the educational literature are discussed.
773 citations
01 Jul 2016
TL;DR: Doctors who used EHRs and CPOE were less satisfied with the amount of time spent on clerical tasks and were at higher risk for professional burnout, according to a large national study.
Abstract: Objective To evaluate associations between the electronic environment, clerical burden, and burnout in US physicians. Participants and Methods Physicians across all specialties in the United States were surveyed between August and October 2014. Physicians provided information regarding use of electronic health records (EHRs), computerized physician order entry (CPOE), and electronic patient portals. Burnout was measured using validated metrics. Results Of 6375 responding physicians in active practice, 5389 (84.5%) reported that they used EHRs. Of 5892 physicians who indicated that CPOE was relevant to their specialty, 4858 (82.5%) reported using CPOE. Physicians who used EHRs and CPOE had lower satisfaction with the amount of time spent on clerical tasks and higher rates of burnout on univariate analysis. On multivariable analysis, physicians who used EHRs (odds ratio [OR]=0.67; 95% CI, 0.57-0.79; P P P Conclusion In this large national study, physicians' satisfaction with their EHRs and CPOE was generally low. Physicians who used EHRs and CPOE were less satisfied with the amount of time spent on clerical tasks and were at higher risk for professional burnout.
713 citations
TL;DR: To summarise articles reporting on burnout among medical students and residents (trainees) in a narrative review, article titles are summarized.
Abstract: Objective
To summarise articles reporting on burnout among medical students and residents (trainees) in a narrative review.
Methods
MEDLINE was searched for peer-reviewed, English language articles published between 1990 and 2015 reporting on burnout among trainees. The search used combinations of Medical Subject Heading terms medical student, resident, internship and residency, and burnout, professional. Reference lists of articles were reviewed to identify additional studies. A subset of high-quality studies was selected.
Results
Studies suggest a high prevalence of burnout among trainees, with levels higher than in the general population. Burnout can undermine trainees’ professional development, place patients at risk, and contribute to a variety of personal consequences, including suicidal ideation. Factors within the learning and work environment, rather than individual attributes, are the major drivers of burnout. Limited data are available regarding how to best address trainee burnout, but multi-pronged efforts, with attention to culture, the learning and work environment and individual behaviours, are needed to promote trainees’ wellness and to help those in distress.
Conclusion
Medical training is a stressful time. Large, prospective studies are needed to identify cause‒effect relationships and the best approaches for improving the trainee experience.
694 citations
01 Apr 2016
TL;DR: Among physicians in a large health care organization, burnout and declining satisfaction were strongly associated with actual reductions in professional work effort over the following 24 months.
Abstract: Objective To longitudinally evaluate the relationship between burnout and professional satisfaction with changes in physicians' professional effort. Participants and Methods Administrative/payroll records were used to longitudinally evaluate the professional work effort of faculty physicians working for Mayo Clinic from October 1, 2008, to October 1, 2014. Professional effort was measured in full-time equivalent (FTE) units. Physicians were longitudinally surveyed in October 2011 and October 2013 with standardized tools to assess burnout and satisfaction. Results Between 2008 and 2014, the proportion of physicians working less than full-time at our organization increased from 13.5% to 16.0% (P=.05). Of the 2663 physicians surveyed in 2011 and 2776 physicians surveyed in 2013, 1856 (69.7%) and 2132 (76.9%), respectively, returned surveys. Burnout and satisfaction scores in 2011 correlated with actual reductions in FTE over the following 24 months as independently measured by administrative/payroll records. After controlling for age, sex, site, and specialty, each 1-point increase in the 7-point emotional exhaustion scale was associated with a greater likelihood of reducing FTE (odds ratio [OR], 1.43; 95% CI, 1.23-1.67; P Conclusion Among physicians in a large health care organization, burnout and declining satisfaction were strongly associated with actual reductions in professional work effort over the following 24 months.
408 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, Latent profile analysis, with two large datasets, was used to identify multiple person-centered profiles across the burnout continuum, as assessed by the three dimensions of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI).
335 citations
TL;DR: The high rates of burnout among general surgery residents are concerning, given the potential impact of burnouts on the quality of patient care, and efforts to identify at-risk populations and to design targeted interventions to mitigate burnout in surgical trainees are warranted.
Abstract: Background Burnout is a complex syndrome of emotional distress that can disproportionately affect individuals who work in health care professions. Study Design For a national survey of burnout in US general surgery residents, we asked all ACGME-accredited general surgery program directors to email their general surgery residents an invitation to complete an anonymous, online survey. Burnout was assessed with the Maslach Burnout Inventory; total scores for Emotional Exhaustion (EE), Depersonalization (DP), and Personal Accomplishment (PA) subscales were calculated. Burnout was defined as having a score in the highest tertile for EE or DP or lowest tertile for PA. Chi-square tests and one-way ANOVA were used to test associations between burnout tertiles for each subscale and various resident and training-program characteristics as appropriate. Results From April to December 2014, six hundred and sixty-five residents actively engaged in clinical training had data for analysis; 69% met the criterion for burnout on at least one subscale. Higher burnout on each subscale was reported by residents planning private practice careers compared with academic careers. A greater proportion of women than men reported burnout on EE and PA. Higher burnout on EE and DP was associated with greater work hours per week. Having a structured mentoring program was associated with lower burnout on each subscale. Conclusions The high rates of burnout among general surgery residents are concerning, given the potential impact of burnout on the quality of patient care. Efforts to identify at-risk populations and to design targeted interventions to mitigate burnout in surgical trainees are warranted.
324 citations
TL;DR: Understanding dynamic risk factors associated with burnout may help to develop strategies for preventing and treating burnout.
TL;DR: This is the first study to show that teachers' occupational stress is linked to students' physiological stress regulation, and higher levels of classroom teacher burnout significantly predicted the variability in morning cortisol.
TL;DR: The aim of this systematic review was to provide a concise review and identify studies reporting on identification, prevention, or intervention for surgeons suffering from burnout.
Abstract: Burnout is a syndrome characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a decreased sense of personal accomplishment caused by work-related stress.1,2 Physicians are at increased risk for burnout as a result of long work hours, delayed gratification, challenges with work and home balance, and challenges associated with patient care, especially in the changing healthcare environment.1,3-5
In a recent study, more than half of physicians met criteria for burnout. In addition, the prevalence of burnout increased 10% in U.S. physicians between 2011 and 2014.6 The prevalence of burnout was lower in a probability-based sample of the general U.S. working population, with no increase over the same time period. This increase was observed across specialties, with many specialties reporting well over 50% of physicians being burned out.6 This disturbing trend is likely multifactorial, with increasing demands in clinical productivity, difficulty in funding research endeavors, more patients to care for with fewer resources, changes in reimbursement, rising student debt, and difficulty balancing personal and work life.7-10
Burnout is especially prevalent in surgical specialties. In the 2015 Medscape Physician Lifestyle Report, burnout rates ranged from 37-53% across specialties, with general surgeons nearly topping the list at 50%.11 Burnout has severe adverse consequences, including substance abuse, disruptive behavior, absenteeism, attrition, strained personal relationships, divorce, depression, suicidal ideation, and suicide.12-14 Over the past decade, awareness has been raised and the ability to accurately assess and identify physicians suffering from burnout has improved. The aim of this systematic review was to provide a concise review and identify studies reporting on identification, prevention, or intervention for surgeons suffering from burnout.
TL;DR: The authors examined possible moderating effects of generational differences (Baby Boomers, Generation X, Millennials) on the relationship between job burnout (emotional exhaustion, cynicism, reduce, etc.).
Abstract: This study examines possible moderating effects of generational differences (Baby Boomers, Generation X, Millennials) on the relationship between job burnout (emotional exhaustion, cynicism, reduce...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the relationship between customer incivility and turnover intention through job burnout and found that the moderating roles that organizational support and supervisory support play upon the relationships between customer inferview and burnout were also investigated.
TL;DR: The literature is systematically reviewed to provide a comprehensive understanding of QOL and burnout among all surgeons, to delineate variation in rates of burnout and poor QOL, and to elucidate factors that are commonly implicated in these outcomes.
Abstract: Importance Establishing strategies to minimize the burden of burnout and poor quality of life (QOL) on surgeons relies on a thorough understanding of QOL and burnout among the various surgical specialties. Objectives To systematically review the literature across multiple surgical specialties and provide a comprehensive understanding of QOL and burnout among all surgeons, to delineate variation in rates of burnout and poor QOL, and to elucidate factors that are commonly implicated in these outcomes. Evidence Review An OVID electronic search encompassing MEDLINE, PsycInfo, and EMBASE was completed using the following MeSH search terms: quality of life , burnout , surgeon , surgical specialty , and United States . Full articles published in English from January 1, 1980, to June 10, 2015, that evaluated US surgical specialists and included more than 1 question related to QOL were included. Review articles and evaluations that included medical students or nonsurgical health care professionals were excluded. Of 1420 titles, 41 articles met these criteria. The standardized methodologic principles of PRISMA for reporting systematic reviews guided analysis. Primary end points were QOL scores and burnout rates that compared sex, age, level of training (resident vs attending), surgical specialty, and the type of assessment tool. Secondary outcomes included proposed work hours and income as factors contributing to burnout. Owing to the heterogeneity of data reporting among articles, qualitative analysis was also reported. Findings Of the 16 specialties included, pediatric (86% to 96%) and endocrine (96%) surgeons demonstrated the highest career satisfaction, whereas a portion of plastic surgeons (33%) and vascular surgeons (64%) were least satisfied. The effect of sex was variable. Residents demonstrated a significantly higher risk for burnout than attending surgeons across multiple specialties, including obstetrics and gynecology, otolaryngology, and orthopedic surgery. One-third of the studies found hours worked per week to be a statistically significant predictor of burnout, decreased career satisfaction, and poorer QOL. Conclusions and Relevance Burnout and QOL vary across all surgical specialties. Whether sex affects burnout rates remains unclear. Residents are at an increased risk for burnout and more likely to report a poor QOL than attending surgeons.
01 Jan 2016
TL;DR: The full version of this book in pdf and epub formats can be found in this paper. But they do not store the book itself, but they give link to the site where you can download or read online.
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TL;DR: The literature summarized in this review suggests future research should focus on factors identified in cross-sectional studies, including sleep, coping mechanisms, resident autonomy, building competence, and enhanced social relatedness.
Abstract: Background Rates of physician burnout have increased in recent years, and high burnout levels are reported by physicians in training. Objective This review of the research on resident well-being seeks to identify factors associated with well-being, summarize well-being promotion interventions, and provide a framework for future research efforts. Methods Keywords were used to search PubMed, PsycINFO, and MEDLINE. Studies included were conducted between 1989 and 2014. The search yielded 82 articles, 26 which met inclusion criteria, and were assessed using the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument. Results Articles measured resident well-being and associated factors, predictors, effects, barriers, as well as interventions to improve well-being. Factors identified in psychological well-being research—autonomy, building of competence, and strong social relatedness—are associated with resident well-being. Sleep and time away from work are associated with greater resident well-being. P...
TL;DR: Emotional exhaustion and depersonalization domains of burnout were strongly associated with alcohol abuse/dependence and increased educational debt predicted a higher risk.
Abstract: PurposeTo explore the relationship between alcohol abuse/dependence with burnout and other forms of distress among a national cohort of medical students.MethodIn 2012, the authors completed a national survey of medical students from the American Medical Association’s Physician Masterfile containing
TL;DR: Interventions to reduce burnout that include a focus on stress and social support outside of work may be particularly beneficial for long-term care staff.
Abstract: Long-term care nursing staff are subject to considerable occupational stress and report high levels of burnout, yet little is known about how stress and social support are associated with burnout in this population. The present study utilized the job demands-resources model of burnout to examine relations between job demands (occupational and personal stress), job resources (sources and functions of social support), and burnout in a sample of nursing staff at a long-term care facility (N = 250). Hierarchical linear regression analyses revealed that job demands (greater occupational stress) were associated with more emotional exhaustion, more depersonalization, and less personal accomplishment. Job resources (support from supervisors and friends or family members, reassurance of worth, opportunity for nurturing) were associated with less emotional exhaustion and higher levels of personal accomplishment. Interventions to reduce burnout that include a focus on stress and social support outside of work may be particularly beneficial for long-term care staff.
TL;DR: Significant self-efficacy–burnout relationships were observed across countries, although the strength of associations varied across burnout components, participants' profession, and their age.
Abstract: Background and Objectives: This study aimed at systematically reviewing and meta-analyzing the strength of associations between self-efficacy and job burnout (the global index and its components). We investigated whether these associations would be moderated by: (a) the type of measurement of burnout and self-efficacy, (b) the type of occupation, (c) the number of years of work experience and age, and (d) culture. Design and Methods: We systematically reviewed and analyzed 57 original studies (N = 22,773) conducted among teachers (k = 29), health-care providers (k = 17), and other professionals (k = 11). Results: The average effect size estimate for the association between self-efficacy and burnout was of medium size (−.33). Regarding the three burnout components, the largest estimate of the average effect (−.49) was found for the lack of accomplishment. The estimates of the average effect were similar, regardless of the type of measures of burnout and self-efficacy measurement (general vs. contex...
TL;DR: Almost a quarter of male medical students and nearly half of female students experience IS and IS was found to be significantly associated with burnout indices, indicating the high psychological morbidity of these conditions cannot be ignored.
Abstract: To describe levels of burnout and impostor syndrome (IS) in medical students, and to recognize demographic differences in those experiencing burnout and IS
TL;DR: High levels of affective empathy may be a risk factor for compassion fatigue, whereas self-compassion might be protective, and teaching self-care skills may be an important feature in interventions that aim to reduce burnout and compassion fatigue.
TL;DR: Methods that help in reducing the incidence of stress and burnout by promoting strategies that focus on personal engagement, extracurricular activities, positive reinterpretation and expression of emotion, student-led mentorship programs, evaluation systems, career counseling and life coaching should be adopted are proposed.
Abstract: It is acknowledged that physicians do not seek the same expert aid for themselves as they would offer their patients. In their preclinical years, medical students appear to espouse comparable behavior. To many, medicine is described as a never-ending path that places the student under heavy stress and burnout from the beginning, leaving him/her vulnerable and with insufficient coping methods. Hence, the objective of this study is to 1) explore the prevalence of stress and burnout among preclinical medical students, and 2) propose solutions to decrease stress and burnout and improve medical education in the preclinical years. A detailed scholarly research strategy using Google Scholar, Scopus, Embase, MEDLINE and PubMed was implemented to highlight key themes that are relevant to preclinical medical students' stress and burnout. Stress varied among different samples of medical students and ranged between 20.9% and 90%. Conversely, burnout ranged between 27% and 75%. Methods that help in reducing the incidence of stress and burnout by promoting strategies that focus on personal engagement, extracurricular activities, positive reinterpretation and expression of emotion, student-led mentorship programs, evaluation systems, career counseling and life coaching should be adopted.
TL;DR: This study provides evidence that past research has underestimated burnout-depression overlap and indicates that the state of burnout is likely to be a form of depression.
Abstract: Objectives
The purpose of this study was to examine the overlap in burnout and depression.
Method
The sample comprised 1,386 schoolteachers (mean [M]age = 43; Myears taught = 15; 77% women) from 18 different U.S. states. We assessed burnout, using the Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure, and depression, using the depression module of the Patient Health Questionnaire.
Results
Treated dimensionally, burnout and depressive symptoms were strongly correlated (.77; disattenuated correlation, .84). Burnout and depressive symptoms were similarly correlated with each of 3 stress-related factors, stressful life events, job adversity, and workplace support. In categorical analyses, 86% of the teachers identified as burned out met criteria for a provisional diagnosis of depression. Exploratory analyses revealed a link between burnout and anxiety.
Conclusions
This study provides evidence that past research has underestimated burnout–depression overlap. The state of burnout is likely to be a form of depression. Given the magnitude of burnout–depression overlap, treatments for depression may help workers identified as “burned out.”
TL;DR: It might be preferable to use multidimensional burnout inventories in combination with valid depression scales than to rely exclusively on MBI when clinically assessing burnout.
Abstract: Background
Whether burnout is a distinct phenomenon rather than a type of depression and whether it is a syndrome, limited to three “core” components (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and low personal accomplishment) are subjects of current debate. We investigated the depression-burnout overlap, and the pertinence of these three components in a large, representative sample of physicians.
TL;DR: This paper examined the associations of two aspects of teachers' professional competence (GPK and self-efficacy) with teachers' likelihood of experiencing burnout, as well as possible differences in these constructs as a function of gender and teaching experience.
TL;DR: Strategies to reduce burnout include addressing the sources of job dissatisfaction, instilling lifestyle balance, finding reasons to work other than money, improving money management, developing a support group, and seeking help when needed.
Abstract: Burnout is a concern for radiologists. The burnout rate is greater among diagnostic radiologists than the mean for all physicians, while radiation oncologists have a slightly lower burnout rate. Burnout can result in unprofessional behavior, thoughts of suicide, premature retirement, and errors in patient care. Strategies to reduce burnout include addressing the sources of job dissatisfaction, instilling lifestyle balance, finding reasons to work other than money, improving money management, developing a support group, and seeking help when needed.
TL;DR: It is suggested that ICU professionals may suffer from a high level of burnout, potentially threatening patient care and future work should address the effective management of the factors negatively affecting ICu professionals.
TL;DR: The authors investigated how perceived school climate affects teachers' job satisfaction and burnout and how selfefficacy and collective efficacy in behavior management mediate the effect of perceived school climates on job satisfaction.