Butt welding

About: Butt welding is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 7153 publications have been published within this topic receiving 44467 citations.

Microstructural analysis and mechanical behavior of SS 304 and titanium joint from friction stir butt welding

Abstract: Titanium and stainless steel components are assembled together in many industrial applications. This makes it desirable to join the titanium and stainless steel. The objective of this work is to analyze the microstructural evolution at the interface of titanium and stainless steel, upon friction stir butt welding. Fully consolidated friction stir butt welds are created at two tool rotation speeds for a given feed rate. The microstructure across the titanium and stainless steel interface is studied by performing EBSD and EDS scans. The welded joints and as-received titanium & stainless steel samples are subjected to tensile testing. Increase in temperature during the process led to the diffusion of iron, chromium and nickel from stainless steel into titanium and diffusion of titanium into stainless steel. This led to an interface with primarily β -titanium with α -Ti precipitates and FeTi intermetallic compound on either side of the interface. For the welds performed at both the tool rotation speeds, the thickness of the FeTi and β -titanium decreases from top to bottom in the joints. This is attributed to the higher temperatures near the top surface as compared to the weld bottom, during the process. Also, lower tool rpm leads to lower temperatures during friction stir welding. This results in reduced FeTi thickness in the joint, which translates into improved UTS of about 88% of the as-received CP-Ti for the weld performed at lower rpm. However, the fracture strain for both the welds are very low, owing to the presence of brittle FeTi intermetallics at the SS-Ti interface.

Allowance of Deviation and Gap in Butt Joint on Friction Stir Welding

Abstract: Friction Stir Welding (FSW) has special properties for its low distortion, low residual stress of the joints and needless skilled worker. Application of three-dimensional FSW can apply many industry, etc automobile industry or airplane industry. However, FSW is only applicable to use linier welding at present. To realize three-dimensional FSW, it is most important to improve operation accuracy. On the other hand, it is also important to clarify \"the allowance of operation\" for application. In this work (A) the influence of deviation; the mismatching between the butt line and the center of tool traveling line, and (B) the influence of gap; the spacing between two plates at butt line, on tensile properties of FSW joints are investigated. A5083-O alloy plates with 3 mm thickness were welded in various deviation or gap spacing conditions by a gate type FSW machine with sufficient rigidity and accuracy. It was found that the allowance of deviation is a half of probe diameter of FSW tool in the case of the butt line was set on the advancing side of tool rotation. So we have the one-fourth of probe diameter allowance in both sides by setting the butt line from the probe center in a quarter of the probe diameter to advancing side. Beyond this allowance range, tensile properties rapidly decreased. Contrary to this, the gap spacing within 2 mm did not affect the tensile properties in this experiment, and the joint strength and ductility over 2 mm gap showed a gradual decrease.

The temperature distribution during heating in hot plate welding process

Abstract: Most of the industrial machines use the belt transmission for the power transfer. These mechanisms often use the round belts with a few millimetres in diameter, which are made of the thermoplastic elastomers, especially the polyurethane. Their production process requires the bonding step, which is often performed by the butt welding, using the hot plate. To design the automatic welding machine in a proper way, the authors analyzed this process. One of the most important parameter which describes the hot plate welding is plasticized distance. Knowledge about its value is necessary to predict the length reduction of the belt during welding and will be used during the quality of the joint rating. To obtain value of this parameter the temperature distribution calculations are needed. The paper shows the results of the analytical calculations of the temperature distribution and their comparison with analyses performed by the FEM implements. Calculations were performed for the thermoplastic elastomer during the heating phase in the hot plate welding process.

Stud welding machine

Abstract: My invention re'ates to welding machines and particularly to welding machines for welding studs to a base such as a wall or ceiling or floor plate. The general object of the invention is the provision of a machine for making such welds with automatic and perfect control of the several variables...

Measurement of molten pool shape and penetration control applying neural network in TIG welding of thin steel plates

Abstract: An intelligent welding robot system with visual sensors is developed in order to realize full automatic welding of thin mild steel plates including automatic seam tracking and automatic control of welding conditions. A system to detect the shape and dimension of molten pool using CCD camera and a penetration control system using Neural Network in TIG arc welding are investigated. In order to characterize the shape of molten pool, width, length and area of the molten pool were measured, and are used to form the contour of the molten pool as shape parameters. These parameters are input to the neural network, which outputs optimum welding conditions to control the penetration of the molten pool. Consequently, if unexpected changes occur in welding conditions, such as root gap, welding speed and so on, the welding system can optimumly control the welding conditions. The constructed system is tested and found to be effective for penetration control in automatic butt welding of thin mild steel plates.