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Calcium oxide

About: Calcium oxide is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 7600 publications have been published within this topic receiving 66104 citations. The topic is also known as: caustic lime & quicklime.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the role of these additives in the MnO2 cathode was found not to suppress the formation of nonrechargeable products, but rather to reduce the access of Zn ions to the manganese dioxide (MnO2) ion.
Abstract: The current work is reported on employing alkaline-earth oxide additives - i.e., barium oxide (BaO), calcium oxide (CaO), or magnesium oxide (MgO) - to the manganese dioxide (MnO2) cathode in an environmentally safe aqueous rechargeable battery. The influence of these additives on the electrochemical behavior of the MnO2 cathode in a Zn-MnO2 battery using lithium hydroxide (LiOH) as an electrolyte is investigated. These additives enhanced the discharge performance of the Zn-MnO2 battery and its rechargeability. Herein, the MnO2 was physically mixed with at least one of the alkaline-earth oxides (such as BaO, CaO, or MgO) in different proportions of 1, 2, and 5 wt% during the electrode preparation. The incorporation of BaO or MgO additives into MnO2 was found to result in significantly higher discharge capacity and longer cycle life, compared with the battery using CaO additive or additive-free MnO2. The role of these additives in the MnO2 cathode is found not to suppress the formation of nonrechargeable products, but rather to reduce the access of Zn ions to the MnO2; without these additives, a ZnO·Mn 2O3 product may form at the cathode.

28 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the problems encountered with the use of lime stabilisation in the M40 Motorway Banbury IV contract in England, and alert highway engineers to a mechanism of lime stabilization which has not been generally appreciated.
Abstract: This paper describes the problems encountered with the use of lime stabilisation in the M40 Motorway Banbury IV contract in England, and alerts highway engineers to a mechanism of lime stabilisation which has not been generally appreciated. The problems on Banbury IV appeared to occur only where the road ran over lower lias rock; they emerged at the end of the winter after the lime-stabilised element of the capping layer was constructed during Spring and Summer 1989. It was found that the carriageway had lifted by up to 150mm; the lime-stabilised layer had softened, was moister than expected, and its thickness had increased from 250mm to 400mm. The unexpected heave of the lime-stabilised material, found here and during very recent American research, emphasises the need for detailed chemical and laboratory studies of both soil and ground water in any project considering the use of lime stabilisation; conventional test methods are sometimes insufficient. The results show that the heave is caused by ettringite/thaumasite formation. In order for this to occur, the following conditions are necessary: a) high pH conditions; b) a sufficient clay mineral content giving an adequate supply of alumina, silica and carbonates; c) the presence of sulphates; d) the correct temperature conditions; and e) availability of sufficient water. These conditions were present on Banbury IV. The Department of Transport is now considering the implications for specifying lime stabilisation. (TRRL)

28 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Screened multiwire, PVC insulated tinned copper cable was gasified with steam at high temperature (HTSG) under atmospheric pressure for recovery of cooper and it was found that 28% of chlorine reacted to form CaCl2, 71% was retained in aqueous condensate and only 0.6% was absorbed in alkaline scrubber.

28 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The effect of various oxides on the mullitization of kaolinite was studied by chemical, microscopic, and X-ray methods as discussed by the authors, and it was shown that the use of X rays appears to give absolute results.
Abstract: The effect of the addition of various oxides on the mullitization of kaolinite was studied by chemical, microscopic, and X-ray methods. A comparative study of the chemical and the X-ray methods of mullite determination has shown that the chemical method (use of hydrofluoric acid) can yield only relative values. The use of X rays appears to give absolute results. The oxides of zinc, lithium, magnesium, iron, manganese, and molybdenum were found to be good mullite builders; sodium, potassium, titanium, and stannic oxides were poor; and boric oxide and calcium oxide were fair accelerators.

28 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the catalytic performance of natural dolomitic rock as an environmentally friendly catalyst in the reaction of Jatropha Curcas oil with methanol under microwave-assisted transesterification was analyzed.

27 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023101
2022186
2021116
2020234
2019350
2018432