Calorimeter

About: Calorimeter is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5878 publications have been published within this topic receiving 77157 citations.

The CMS barrel calorimeter response to particle beams from 2 to 350 GeV/ c

Abstract: The response of the CMS barrel calorimeter (electromagnetic plus hadronic) to hadrons, electrons and muons over a wide momentum range from 2 to 350 GeV/c has been measured. To our knowledge, this is the widest range of momenta in which any calorimeter system has been studied. These tests, carried out at the H2 beam-line at CERN, provide a wealth of information, especially at low energies. The analysis of the differences in calorimeter response to charged pions, kaons, protons and antiprotons and a detailed discussion of the underlying phenomena are presented. We also show techniques that apply corrections to the signals from the considerably different electromagnetic (EB) and hadronic (HB) barrel calorimeters in reconstructing the energies of hadrons. Above 5 GeV/c, these corrections improve the energy resolution of the combined system where the stochastic term equals 84.7±1.6% and the constant term is 7.4±0.8%. The corrected mean response remains constant within 1.3% rms.

A calorimetric setup for measuring heat effects of processes in solutions

Abstract: A calorimetric setup was developed to determine the heat effects of chemical processes in solutions with a sensitivity of ∼10−5 K and an accuracy of temperature control in the thermostat of better than ±0.001 K. The performance of the calorimeter was tested by measuring the heat effects of solution of 1-propanol (m = 0.02–0.08 mol/kg), potassium chloride (m = 0.01–0.73 mol/kg), and L-phenylalanine (m = 0.0008–0.03 mol/kg) in water at 25°C.

A portable calorimeter for measuring absorbed dose in the radiotherapy clinic

Abstract: This paper describes the development of a robust and portable calorimeter for use in clinical electron and photon beams. Although intended for therapy-level dosimetry, the new calorimeter can also be used for high-dose measurements at industrial facilities. The system consists of a front end (the calorimeter itself), means for thermal isolation and temperature control, and a measurement system based on thermistors in a dc Wheatstone bridge. It was found from investigation that the heat transfer between components was significant. The restrictions on the design placed by the requirement for portability led to higher heat transfer than was desirable. Much effort was put into thermodynamic modelling of the system and determining the heat transfer coefficients. Effort was also focused on the development of a temperature control system sensitive enough to allow measurements of temperature rises of the order of 1 mK. The control system responds to the calorimeter, phantom and air temperatures and maintains the temperature of the calorimeter to within ±0.2 mK over several hours. Initial operation at the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) in x-ray and electron beams from the NPL linear accelerator shows that the system is capable of measurements of 1 Gy at 2 Gy min-1 with a random uncertainty of ±0.3% (1 standard deviation). Operation in 60Co at a doserate of 1 Gy min-1 has also been achieved with a similar uncertainty. It is intended to test the calorimeter `in the field' during 2000.

Mass and heat flow measurement sensor

Abstract: Provided are mass and heat flow measurement sensors comprising a microresonator, such as a quartz crystal microbalance; a heat flow sensor (c), such as an isothermal heat conduction calorimeter; and a heat sink (d) coupled thermally to the heat flow sensor. The sensors may be used to measure changes in mass due to a sample (8) on a surface of the microresonator and also to measure heat flow from the sample (8) on the surface of the microresonator by utilizing the heat flow sensor, which is coupled thermally to the microresonator. Also provided are methods for measuring the mass of a sample (8) and the flow of heat from the sample (8) to the heat sink (d) by utilizing such mass and heat flow measurement sensors.

Calorimeter and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract: It is an object to obtain a calorimeter characterized by excellent mechanical strength, and a manufacturing method thereof, when a plurality of calorimeters are arranged inside a single substrate The calorimeter has an absorbent for converting energy of radioactive rays into heat and a resistor for converting heat into an electrical signal using superconductive transition are arranged on a membrane for determining thermal conductivity with the membrane being attached to a substrate, the substrate having a tri-layer structure comprising an etching layer, an etching stop layer and a support substrate, the membrane being arranged separated by the thickness of the etching stop layer and the etching layer