Topic
Calorimeter
About: Calorimeter is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5878 publications have been published within this topic receiving 77157 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, micro-scale combustion calorimeter was used to predict the time to ignition of two extruded polystyrene foam types, and the relationship between these two methods can be established with ignition temperature.
Abstract: Flammability of two kinds of two extruded polystyrene foam was tested by micro-scale combustion calorimeter and cone calorimeter. Maximum specific heat release rate, specific heat release, heat release temperature, combustion time and fire growth rates from micro-scale combustion calorimeter tests, and time to ignition, effective net heat of combustion, heat release rate from cone calorimeter tests, were used to compare the flammability of two foams. These two methods would draw different results in evaluating flammability of the foams. This confliction is due to the test scale and combustion condition. The relationship between these two methods can be established with ignition temperature; thus, micro-scale combustion calorimeter can be used to predict time to ignition in cone calorimeter tests. Joint using of micro-scale combustion calorimeter and cone calorimeter leads to a comprehensive evaluation of flammability of polymers.
28 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an isothermal dilution calorimeter of the Van Ness type has been constructed and tested both on endothermic and exothermic mixing and the performance of the calorometer was evaluated on the basis of these results and comparisons with previous measurements were made.
28 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the heat capacities for sapphire-filled and empty aluminum calorimeters (pans) under designed cell imbalance caused by different pan-masses were measured.
Abstract: The quality of measurement of heat capacity by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is based on strict symmetry of the twin calorimeter. This symmetry is of particular importance for temperature-modulated DSC (TMDSC) since positive and negative deviations from symmetry cannot be distinguished in the most popular analysis methods. The heat capacities for sapphire-filled and empty aluminum calorimeters (pans) under designed cell imbalance caused by different pan-masses were measured. In addition, the positive and negative signs of asymmetry have been explored by analyzing the phase-shift between temperature and heat flow for sapphire and empty runs. The phase shifts change by more than 180° depending on the sign of the asymmetry. Once the sign of asymmetry is determined, the asymmetry correction for temperature-modulated DSC can be made.
28 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a high-resolution ac calorimeter has been used to measure the heat capacity of NH4Br, NH4Cl and ND4Cl in the range of 200 to 300 K.
Abstract: A high‐resolution ac calorimeter has been used to measure the heat capacity of NH4Br, NH4Br0.5lCl0.49, NH4Br0.26Cl0.74 and NH4Br0.04Cl0.96 single crystals over the range of 200–300 K. The behavior of Cp near the order–disorder transition in these crystals and in NH4Cl and ND4Cl is analyzed to obtain the critical exponent α′ in both the ’’ferro’’‐ordered and ’’antiferro’’‐ordered phases. In the ferro regime (NH4Cl, ND4Cl, and NH4Br0.04Cl0.96), the transition is weakly first order but quasitricritical behavior (α′?0.5) is observed. In the antiferro regime, the data for NH4Br and NH4Br0.26Cl0.74 (but not NH4Br0.51Cl0.49) can be well represented using α′=0.20 but may also be consistent with a crossover from Gaussian to cubic (d=3, n=3) critical behavior. The effects of inhomogeneous internal strains on Cp and the order parameter are discussed.
28 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the heat flow through a silt loam, silty clay, and loamy sand were measured in a calorimeter at 7 and 36°C under matrix potential near -0.3 bars.
Abstract: The heat flow through a silt loam, silty clay, and loamy
sand were measured in a calorimeter at 7 and 36°C under matrix
potentials near -0.3 bars. The transient thermal conductivity
probe, the heat flux transducer, and deVries's theoretical method
all gave low values of the apparent thermal conductivity at
36°C. An empirical correction was proposed for deVries's
method that improved its agreement with the observed conductivities.
The thermal vapor diffusion coefficients for the
three soils were then calculated from his equation and compared
with experimental values from the calorimeter. It was
also shown that the thermal water vapor flow can be estimated
if one knows the soil's saturated thermal conductivity, quart/
content, water content, bulk density and temperature distribution.
28 citations