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Calorimeter

About: Calorimeter is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5878 publications have been published within this topic receiving 77157 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a copper-based fiber calorimeter was used to measure the electromagnetic shower fraction by comparing the scintillation light and the Cherenkov light generated in this process.
Abstract: Hadronic shower development in a copper-based fiber calorimeter is studied by simultaneously measuring the scintillation light and the Cherenkov light generated in this process. By comparing these two signals, the electromagnetic shower fraction can be measured event by event. Fluctuations in this fraction are the dominant contribution to the hadronic energy resolution. They are also responsible for the signal non-linearity and the non-Gaussian response function typical for hadron calorimeters. The dual-readout technique makes it possible to eliminate the effects of these fluctuations.

111 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jul 1999
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a survey of heat flux measurement techniques available for specific applications and a guide to the appropriate selection of a heat flux sensor according to the demands of response, sensitivity, temperature of operation, heat flux intensity, manufacturing constraints, commercial availability, cost, thermal disturbance and acceleration capability for vibrating, rotating and reciprocating applications.
Abstract: Heat flux measurement is used in the field of fluid mechanics and heat transfer to quantify the transfer of heat within systems. Several techniques are in common use, including: differential temperature sensors such as thermopile, layered resistance temperature devices or thermocouples and Gardon gauges; calorimetric methods involving a heat balance analysis and transient monitoring of a representative temperature, using, for example, thin-film temperature sensors or temperature sensitive liquid crystals; energy supply or removal methods using, for example, a heater to generate a thermal balance; and, finally, by measurement of mass transfer which can be linked to heat transfer using the analogy between the two. No one method is suitable to all applications because of the differing considerations of accuracy, sensitivity, size, cost and robustness. Recent developments including the widespread availability and application of thin-film deposition techniques for metals and ceramics, allied with advances in microtechnology, have expanded the range of devices available for heat flux measurement. This paper reviews the various types of heat flux sensors available, as well as unique designs for specific applications. Critical to the use of a heat flux measurement technique is accurate calibration. Use of unmatched materials disturbs the local heat flux and also the local convective boundary layer, producing a potential error that must be compensated for. The various techniques in common use for calibration are described. A guide to the appropriate selection of a heat flux measurement technique is provided according to the demands of response, sensitivity, temperature of operation, heat flux intensity, manufacturing constraints, commercial availability, cost, thermal disturbance and acceleration capability for vibrating, rotating and reciprocating applications.

110 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared a liquid nitrogen calorimeter with an insulated box calorometer for measuring the process efficiency of Fronius cold metal transfer, Lincoln surface tension transfer and RapidArc, Kemppi FastRoot and standard pulsed GMAW.
Abstract: The thermal or process efficiency in gas metal arc welding (GMAW) is a crucial input to numerical models of the process and requires the use of an accurate welding calorimeter. In this paper, the authors compare a liquid nitrogen calorimeter with an insulated box calorimeter for measuring the process efficiency of Fronius cold metal transfer, Lincoln surface tension transfer and RapidArc, Kemppi FastRoot and standard pulsed GMAW. All of the controlled dip transfer processes had a process efficiency of ∼85% when measured with the liquid nitrogen calorimeter. This value was slightly higher when welding in a groove and slightly lower for the RapidArc and pulsed GMAW. The efficiency measured with the insulated box calorimeter was slightly lower, but it had the advantage of a much smaller random error.

109 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the X-ray diffraction of nanosized alumina with an average particle size of 20 nm was used to determine the thermal stability of the nanostructured alumina.
Abstract: The nanosized alumina prepared by the hydrolysis method with an average particle size of 20 nm was characterized by X-ray diffraction. The heat capacity measurements of the prepared sample were carried out using an adiabatic calorimeter in the temperature range from 78 to 370 K. Enhancement of heat capacity was observed in the nanostructured materials as the heat capacity data were compared with those of the corresponding coarse-grained materials. The enhanced heat capacity was discussed on the basis of experiments. Differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry were used to determine the thermal stability of the nanostructured alumina.

108 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a calorimeter capable of measuring the heat generation rates of a prismatic battery is developed and verified by using a controllable electric heater. But the results showed that at low rates of discharge, the battery's heat generation is not significant, even becoming endothermic at the battery operating temperatures of 30°C and 40°C.

108 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20224
202193
2020142
2019113
2018150
2017160