Calorimeter

About: Calorimeter is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5878 publications have been published within this topic receiving 77157 citations.

Test of Reaction Kinetics Using Both Differential Scanning and Accelerating Rate Calorimetries As Applied to the Reaction of LixCoO2 in Non-aqueous Electrolyte

Abstract: Extracting reliable reaction kinetics from nonisothermal calorimetric results can be difficult. The reaction model, activation energy, and frequency factor make up a “kinetic triplet” for a particular reaction and define the reaction kinetics. One expects a good correlation between data and the predictions of the reaction model for a variety of experiments, provided the reaction triplet has been well determined. Such a correlation is expected for the results of accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) experiments. As an example, the reaction of LixCoO2 in nonaqueous electrolyte (as is important in Li-ion battery safety) has been studied with both DSC and ARC. Comparing the shape of ARC profiles to those predicted theoretically limits the choice of reaction model. The activation energy is determined from the shift of the DSC profile with heating rate or from the change in the initial self-heating rate of ARC samples as a function of temperature. The frequency factor i...

A 3-350 k fast automatic small sample calorimeter

Abstract: A description of a fully automated calorimeter for rapid measuring the heat capacity of solids in the temperature region from ∼3 to ∼350 K and in magnetic fields from 0 to 10 T is given. A comprehensive mathematical analysis of the semiadiabatic heat pulse technique for heat capacity measurements on solid materials resulted in the development of the necessary formal algorithms for the complete automatization of the data collection process. Simultaneously a procedure for the on-line evaluation of uncertainties in the measured heat capacity data is developed. An approach which eliminates the need for a separate temperature sensor(s) attached to an adiabatic heat shield(s) used to maintain semiadiabatic conditions during heat pulse heat capacity measurements has been proposed and tested. The sensorless technique provides reliable control of the heat transfer inside a vacuum chamber and results in accurate heat capacity data. The calibration results show that the heat capacity can be measured with an average ...

Precise Simulation of Electromagnetic Calorimeter Showers Using a Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network

Abstract: Simulations of particle showers in calorimeters are computationally time-consuming, as they have to reproduce both energy depositions and their considerable fluctuations. A new approach to ultra-fast simulations is generative models where all calorimeter energy depositions are generated simultaneously. We use GEANT4 simulations of an electron beam impinging on a multi-layer electromagnetic calorimeter for adversarial training of a generator network and a critic network guided by the Wasserstein distance. The generator is constrained during the training such that the generated showers show the expected dependency on the initial energy and the impact position. It produces realistic calorimeter energy depositions, fluctuations and correlations which we demonstrate in distributions of typical calorimeter observables. In most aspects, we observe that generated calorimeter showers reach the level of showers as simulated with the GEANT4 program.