Topic
Capacitive deionization
About: Capacitive deionization is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2177 publications have been published within this topic receiving 70143 citations.
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TL;DR: Capacitive deionization (CDI) as mentioned in this paper is a promising technology for energy-efficient water desalination using porous carbon electrodes, which is made of porous carbons optimized for salt storage capacity and ion and electron transport.
1,622 citations
TL;DR: Capacitive deionization (CDI) is an emerging technology for the facile removal of charged ionic species from aqueous solutions, and is currently being widely explored for water desalination applications.
Abstract: Capacitive deionization (CDI) is an emerging technology for the facile removal of charged ionic species from aqueous solutions, and is currently being widely explored for water desalination applications. The technology is based on ion electrosorption at the surface of a pair of electrically charged electrodes, commonly composed of highly porous carbon materials. The CDI community has grown exponentially over the past decade, driving tremendous advances via new cell architectures and system designs, the implementation of ion exchange membranes, and alternative concepts such as flowable carbon electrodes and hybrid systems employing a Faradaic (battery) electrode. Also, vast improvements have been made towards unraveling the complex processes inherent to interfacial electrochemistry, including the modelling of kinetic and equilibrium aspects of the desalination process. In our perspective, we critically review and evaluate the current state-of-the-art of CDI technology and provide definitions and performance metric nomenclature in an effort to unify the fast-growing CDI community. We also provide an outlook on the emerging trends in CDI and propose future research and development directions.
1,219 citations
TL;DR: Capacitive deionization (CDI) has attracted the interest of the community investigating water treatment technologies since the mid-1960s as mentioned in this paper, based on the recognition that high-surface-area electrodes, when electrically charged, can quantitatively adsorb ionic components from water, thereby resulting in desalination.
990 citations
TL;DR: Capacitive deionization (CDI) is an electrochemical water treatment process that holds the promise of not only being a commercially viable alternative for treating water but for saving energy as well as mentioned in this paper.
844 citations
TL;DR: Among the thermal-based technologies, membrane distillation and adsorption desalination show the most promise for enhanced performance with the availability of a waste heat source, along with a comparison of performance, water quality and energy consumption.
670 citations