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Capitalism
About: Capitalism is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 27714 publications have been published within this topic receiving 858042 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that agrarian capitalism is expanding in China and the means of production such as capital and land are increasingly controlled by agribusiness, while direct producers increasingly sell their labor for a living.
Abstract: In what forms are agribusinesses entering agriculture and interacting with farmers? How are land, labor and capital now controlled by corporate and individual actors, and then organized into agricultural production? How does such control and organization shape the relationships between the actors? In this article we argue that agrarian capitalism is expanding in China The means of production, such as capital and land, are increasingly controlled by agribusiness, while direct producers increasingly sell their labor for a living We document various forms in which agribusiness companies are conducting transactions with individual agricultural producers We also argue that China's unique system of land rights featuring collective ownership but individualized usage rights has acted as a powerful force in shaping interactions between agribusiness and direct producers It provides farmers with a source of economic income and political bargaining power, and restricts corporate actors from dispossessing farmers of their land We find strong norms protecting farmers' collective land rights in the agricultural sector, contrary to the received wisdom about weak protection of land rights in China In the rest of the paper, we first review the policy context in which this transformation has taken place Next we introduce our method of data collection, summarize the five forms of agribusiness-farmer interaction found in our study, and analyze each of the five forms in depth We conclude with a discussion of the causes and characteristics of the rise of agrarian capitalism, with a focus on the role of the land rights system
169 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1999
TL;DR: Meiksins Wood as discussed by the authors argues that existing accounts of capitalism's origins fail to recognize its distinctive attributes as a social system by making its emergence seem natural and inevitable, and challenges most existing accounts.
Abstract: Ellen Meiksins Wood challenges most existing accounts of capitalism's origins, arguing that they fail to recognize its distinctive attributes as a social system by making its emergence seem natural and inevitable.
168 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that most business activity by large firms takes place in regional blocks and that there is no uniform spread of American market capitalism nor are global markets becoming homogenized.
168 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1998
TL;DR: In this article, an account of the lives and influence of economist Milton Friedman and his wife Rose, who sought to change intellectual opinion in the USA by their belief in personal freedom, is presented.
Abstract: This is an autobiographical account of the lives and influence of economist Milton Friedman and his wife Rose, who sought to change intellectual opinion in the USA by their belief in personal freedom. It covers their involvement with world leaders and important public policy issues. Through their books and television programmes, and Milton's columns in "Newsweek", the Friedmans' views have been influential, widely debated and gradually accepted. When "Capitalism and Freedom" was published in 1962, it was ignored by the national media. By contrast, "Free to Choose", published the year Ronald Reagan was elected, became a bestseller. Together the Friedmans experienced many of the major events that have shaped the history of the modern world - from the Great Depression to the fall of the Berlin Wall. Milton Friedman served as unofficial adviser to Presidential candidate Barry Goldwater and Presidents Nixon and Reagan. Apart from providing an account of two productive careers, the book is laced with entertaining details of life on the academic and ideological high wire.
168 citations
Book•
13 Feb 2001
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that the reason why millions of children live in poverty, neighbourhoods want for basic amenities and the middle classes fear for their families, jobs and futures is not to be found in globalization, technological innovation, or our personal failings to adapt to changing circumstances as we are so often told.
Abstract: Why are America and Britain wealthier than ever but millions of children live in poverty, neighbourhoods want for basic amenities and the middle classes fear for their families, jobs and futures? The answer is not to be found in globalization, technological innovation, or our personal failings to adapt to changing circumstances as we are so often told. The answer lies mainly with the historical legacy of the 'golden era' and the obsession with market individualism. An obsession that the New Democrats in America and the New Labour in Britain have failed to exorcize. Yet the forces of knowledge-driven capitalism provide an unprecedented opportunity at the beginning of the twenty-first century to build societies based on the individual and collective intelligence of all. Capitalism and Social Progress shows how this can be achieved.
168 citations