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Capitalism
About: Capitalism is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 27714 publications have been published within this topic receiving 858042 citations.
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TL;DR: In this world, people were organized into heterosexual, male-headed nuclear families, which lived principally from the man's labor market earnings as discussed by the authors, and the male head of the household would be paid a family wage, sufficient to support children and a wife and mother who performed domestic labor without pay.
Abstract: THE CURRENT CRISIS OF THE WELFARE STATE has many rootsglobal economic trends, massive movements of refugees and immigrants, popular hostility to taxes, the weakening of trade unions and labor parties, the rise of national and "racial"-ethnic antagonisms, the decline of solidaristic ideologies, and the collapse of state socialism. One absolutely crucial factor, however, is the crumbling of the old gender order. Existing welfare states are premised on assumptions about gender that are increasingly out of phase with many people's lives and self-understandings. They therefore do not provide adequate social protections, especially for women and children. The gender order that is now disappearing descends from the industrial era of capitalism and reflects the social world of its origin. It was centered on the ideal of the family wage. In this world, people were supposed to be organized into heterosexual, male-headed nuclear families, which lived principally from the man's labor market earnings. The male head of the household would be paid a family wage, sufficient to support children and a wife and mother, who performed domestic labor without pay. Of course, countless lives never fit this pattern. Still, it provided the normative picture of a proper family. The family-wage ideal was inscribed in the structure of most industrial-era welfare states.' That structure had three tiers, with social-insurance programs occupying the first rank. Designed to protect people from the vagaries of the
547 citations
Book•
01 Mar 2004TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that after the privatization of religion during the Enlightenment, there has been a second privatization in the post-1980s global marketplace, related to commercial and corporate powers that have taken over the language of spirituality for the market.
Abstract: This jointly authored book critically examines the use of spirituality in a neo-liberal world. It argues that, after the privatization of religion during the Enlightenment, there has been a second privatization in the post-1980s global marketplace. This second privatization is related to commercial and corporate powers that have taken over the language of spirituality for the market. The book thus offers a new typology for the relationship between religion and capitalism and shows how ‘brand-culture’ has transformed the idea of the spiritual. It provides a new genealogy of spirituality, an exploration of western and eastern traditions and explores the use of spirituality in business. This book has received considerable international interest, went into digital printing within six months after the first print run, and has already been translated into Dutch and has other forthcoming translations. The originality of the book is in providing a critical interpretation of market and business based spirituality, not least in the ‘Body, Mind, Spirit’ publishing industry
544 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an enlarged theoretical account of industrial evolution is presented, showing that clusters of Chandlerian firms appeared as a temporary episode within a larger Smithian process of the division of labor.
Abstract: Alfred Chandler’s portrayal of the managerial revolution of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries does not extend well into the late twentieth century, when widespread vertical disintegration began replacing the classical multi-unit managerial enterprise. This paper attempts to explain the new economy in a manner consistent with Chandler by providing an enlarged theoretical account of industrial evolution. In this account, clusters of Chandlerian firms appeared as a temporary episode within a larger Smithian process of the division of labor.
540 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that a more "transnational" regime of accumulation and an associated hegemony of transnational capital might not be complete because of counterhegemonic forces and contradictory elements in the internationalization of capital.
Abstract: dimensions. These distinctions are elaborated to help explain aspects of the changing nature of present-day capitalism, with particular reference to aspects of transformation in the 1980s and beyond. Partly building upon Robert Cox's analysis of social forces and world orders, and Antonio Gramsci's theory of hegemony, we seek to explain some of the conditions under which a more "transnational" regime of accumulation and an associated hegemony of transnational capital might develop. Such a hegemony could never be complete because of counterhegemonic forces and contradictory elements in the internationalization of capital. Some requirements for an alternative counter-hegemonic historic bloc are sketched, with suggestions for a research agenda. In this essay we seek to advance the theorization and interpretation of the dynamics and contours of the emerging global political economy, and to outline an agenda for study in this field. Our perspective differs from and can be read as a critique of classical marxism, world systems theory, public choice, and neo-realist theory. Central to our argument is the distinction between direct and structural forms of power and their place within present-day capitalism. Through developing this contrast, in combination with Gramscian concepts-of hegemony historic bloc and the "extended" state-we seek to meet two major challenges. The first is to better integrate domestic and international levels of analysis. We think that a key to the resolution of this problem has been provided by Cox (1987). His analysis of social forces points to a more comprehensive and flexible approach to the question of
539 citations