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Showing papers on "Carbochemistry published in 1982"


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jul 1982-Fuel
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the experimental techniques used, to develop low-cost, calcium catalysts for the steam gasification of coal and present the results obtained in this work.

109 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jul 1982-Fuel
TL;DR: Using low-rank coals, the modifying activities of some petroleum, coal tar and aromatic hydrocarbon additives have been examined to find procedures for their utilization in the preparation of blast furnace coke as discussed by the authors.

25 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Oct 1982-Fuel
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide an overview of the properties of coal and their importance in the selection of coal for use as feedstock for coal liquefaction processes. But they do not consider the impact of petrographic composition and rank on coal decomposition.

22 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
Ralph J. Gray1
TL;DR: In this paper, a new analytical procedure was developed that requires the microscopic determination of such non-maceral microstructures as normal coal, coal fines, pseudovitrinoids, microbrecciation, oxidation, coarse mineral matter, miscellaneous materials, and contamination.

13 citations


Book
01 Jan 1982
TL;DR: The state-of-the-art of selected coal liquefaction and gasification processes developed with support from the United States are reviewed in this article, including the Exxon Donor Solvent process, H-Coal, SRC-I,SRC-II, Mobile Gasoline Synthesis, Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis and Zinc Halide Hydrocracking process.
Abstract: The state-of-the-art of selected coal liquefaction and gasification processes developed with support from the United States are reviewed. The Exxon Donor Solvent, H-Coal, SRC-I, SRC-II, Mobile Gasoline Synthesis, Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis, and Zinc Halide Hydrocracking liquefaction processes and the Slagging Lurgi, Texaco, Combustion Engineering, COGAS, and Shell-Koppers gasification processes are covered. Separate abstracts were prepared for 5 chapters.

13 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Oct 1982-Fuel
TL;DR: In this article, the amount of hydrogen evolved from a coal during pyrolysis at atmospheric pressure in the presence of coal hydroliquefaction catalysts can be used to compare the activity of different catalysts for the highpressure hydrogenation of coals.

7 citations


01 Jan 1982
TL;DR: The analytical data reported in this paper pertains to samples of raw coal, ash from coal, lignite and tar sand, as well as NBS standard reference coals and coal ash.
Abstract: Here discussion is confined to the coal chemistry of the transition metals, some of which are known to play catalytic roles in coal combustion, and to the coal chemistry of the halogens. The presence of F and Cl at the per cent levels in some coals is significant for combustion technologies (concerned with corrosion problems, etc.) and for problems related to atmospheric emissions. The analytical data reported pertain to samples of raw coal, ash from coal, lignite and tar sand, as well as NBS standard reference coals and coal ash. The non-reference coals are bituminous coals from Western Canadian mines, hosted in Cretaceous formations. The lignites are from North Dakoga and Ontario, and the tar sand from Fort McMurray, Alberta. The British Columbia coals are from different seams in the same mine, as are the Alberta coals. The analytical techniques employed in all these studies are spark source mass spectroscopy (SSMS) and electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA). The concentrations, obtained by SSMS, of transition metals and halogens for some North American coals and coal-related materials are compared to data available for coal from various sources and to crustal abundances.

2 citations


01 Jan 1982
TL;DR: The H-Coal Process as discussed by the authors is a direct catalytic hydroliquefaction process for converting coal into high-quality, clean hydrocarbon liquids, which has been developed and tested in laboratory equipment converting up to 3.5 tons of coal per day.
Abstract: The H-Coal Process is a direct catalytic hydroliquefaction process for converting coal into high-quality, clean hydrocarbon liquids. The process has been developed and tested in laboratory equipment converting up to 3.5 tons of coal per day. The process has been scaled to 600 tons of coal per day in the recently-constructed pilot plant at Catlettsburg, Kentucky. A continuous coal feed, 45-day run processing Illinois No. 6 coal was successfully concluded in April of 1981, followed by a 131-day test run on the same coal completed in December of 1981. Development work on the H-Coal Process and variants of the process to meet specific market requirements is underway at the HRI R and D Center. Research activities directed towards better catalysts and catalyst regeneration and a fundamental study of how the various coals behave in the H-Coal Process are progressing. Distillate yields and equipment performance were very encouraging. Further operations with Wyodak and Kentucky coals are planned.

1 citations