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Carbonation
About: Carbonation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8434 publications have been published within this topic receiving 159910 citations.
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TL;DR: The effects of the accelerated carbonation reaction on the solid phase are discussed and future potential applications of this technology are also considered.
768 citations
TL;DR: The use of calcines of natural limestones as CO2 regenerable sorbents is investigated in this paper by studying the decay of the maximum carbonation conversion during many carbonation/calcination cycles.
Abstract: The use of calcines of natural limestones as CO2 regenerable sorbents is investigated in this work by studying the decay of the maximum carbonation conversion during many carbonation/calcination cycles. New experimental information is complemented with a compilation of previously published data on this subject. The observed conversion limits in the reaction of CO2 with lime are interpreted in terms of a certain loss in the porosity associated with small pores and a certain increase in the porosity associated with large pores. In the carbonation part of every cycle, the CaCO3 fills up all the available porosity made up of small pores plus a small fraction of the large voids, limited by the thickness of the product layer that marks the onset of the slow carbonation rate. A simple model based on textural changes, observed by scanning electron microscopy, fits equally well all the data from this work and from other authors. The two model parameters are consistent with known mechanism occurring during calcinat...
689 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a long series of carbonation/calcination cycles (up to 500) varying different variables affecting sorbent capacity have been tested in a thermogravimetric apparatus.
Abstract: Calcium oxide can be an effective sorbent to separate CO2 at high temperatures. When coupled with a calcination step to produce pure CO2, the carbonation reaction is the basis for several high-temperature CO2 capture systems. The evolution with cycling of the capture capacity of CaO derived from natural limestones is experimentally investigated in this work. Long series of carbonation/calcination cycles (up to 500) varying different variables affecting sorbent capacity have been tested in a thermogravimetric apparatus. Calcination temperatures above T > 950 °C and very long calcination times accelerate the decay in sorption capacity, while other variables have a comparatively modest effect on the overall sorbent performance. A residual conversion of about 7−8% that remains constant after many hundreds of cycles and that seems insensitive to process conditions has been found. This residual conversion makes very attractive the carbonation/calcination cycle, by reducing (or even eliminating) sorbent purge ra...
670 citations
TL;DR: Alkaline Ca-rich industrial residues are presented as a possible feedstock for mineral CO2 sequestration and the carbonation reaction was found to occur in two steps: leaching of calcium from the steel slag particles into the solution and precipitation of calcite on the surface of these particles.
Abstract: Mineral CO2 sequestration, i.e., carbonation of alkaline silicate Ca/Mg minerals, analogous to natural weathering processes, is a possible technology for the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions t...
642 citations
TL;DR: This work investigates the current advancement in the proposed MC technologies and the role they can play in decreasing the overall cost of this CO2 sequestration route and finds the value of the products seems central to render MC economically viable in the same way as conventional CCS seems profitable only when combined with EOR.
Abstract: Carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and sequestration includes a portfolio of technologies that can potentially sequester billions of tonnes of CO2 per year Mineral carbonation (MC) is emerging as a potential CCS technology solution to sequester CO2 from smaller/medium emitters, where geological sequestration is not a viable option In MC processes, CO2 is chemically reacted with calcium- and/or magnesium-containing materials to form stable carbonates This work investigates the current advancement in the proposed MC technologies and the role they can play in decreasing the overall cost of this CO2 sequestration route In situ mineral carbonation is a very promising option in terms of resources available and enhanced security, but the technology is still in its infancy and transport and storage costs are still higher than geological storage in sedimentary basins ($17 instead of $8 per tCO2) Ex situ mineral carbonation has been demonstrated on pilot and demonstration scales However, its application is currently limited by its high costs, which range from $50 to $300 per tCO2 sequestered Energy use, the reaction rate and material handling are the key factors hindering the success of this technology The value of the products seems central to render MC economically viable in the same way as conventional CCS seems profitable only when combined with EOR Large scale projects such as the Skyonic process can help in reducing the knowledge gaps on MC fundamentals and provide accurate costing and data on processes integration and comparison The literature to date indicates that in the coming decades MC can play an important role in decarbonising the power and industrial sector
623 citations